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EIGHTEEN HUNDRED AND EIGHTY AND EIGHTEEN HUNDRED 
AND EIGHTY-FIVE. One of the most striking facts in con- 
nection with the present electoral campaign is that hardly 
anybody seems to take much interest in the kind of questions 
which were prominently before the constituencies in 1880. 
Then every politician thought it his duty to devote the best 
part of his speeches to an exposition of what he conceived to 
be the true principles of foreign policy. Now foreign policy 
is treated as a matter of subordinate importance. The 
Conservatives have, of course, something to say about the 
blunders committed by the late Government in Egypt; and 
Liberal orators jeer occasionally at the breakdown of the 
Treaty of Berlin. But asa rule it is to domestic subjects 
that the members of both parties are most eager to direct 
attention. This fact has led some sanguine persons to fancy 
that in future we shall be very little troubled by foreign 
complications. Unfortunately, it does not altogether depend 
on ourselves whether this anticipation shall be realised. A 
nation which possesses the greatest Empire in the world may 
at any moment be compelled by the action of other countries 
to defend its interests from direct or indirect aggression. 
There can, however, be no doubt that in the mean time the 
predominant desire of the English people is to hold as far 
aloof as possible from international difficulties, and to devote 
their energy chiefly to the management of their own home 
affairs. And of all the domestic questions brought before 
them, those which excite the deepest interest and enthusiasm 
are undoubtedly social questions. Political authorities differ 
as to the remedies for our social maladies; but that the 
maladies exist, and that remedies of some kind must be 
provided, all politicians agree. We may expect, therefore, 
that the new Parliament, whether the majority be Tory or 
Radical, will be distinguished from its predecessors mainly by 
its zeal for the improvement of the condition of the humbler 
classes of the community. 


Lapy Docrors For INDIA. The people of England owe 
a great responsibility tothe people of India. By the succes- 
sive annexations and conquests of the last hundred years, the 
former have made themselves, unasked, the guardians of 
the latter, and cannot therefore escape the obligations implied 
by such guardianship. Much conscientious work of this kind 
has already been done, and it may be confidently asserted 
that the’ natives of India are at the present time better off 
(though possibly not better contented) than they have been at 
any period since the Mogul invasion. But it is very difficult to 
reach with our European reforms a body of persons who 
constitute half the population of India, that is to say, the 
women. To say nothing of other religious and caste observ- 
ances, the custom of polygamy alone tends to hide them 
behind a wall of mystery. Hitherto British authority 
has conferred on the women of India only one im- 
portant benefit, namely, the abolition of Suttee. And 
even that reform has produced less practical advantage 
than might be supposed, for though Hindoo widows 
can no longer be burnt on their husbands’ funeral pile, the 
feeling still prevails that they ought not to survive him, and 
so they drag out a discredited and miserable existence. 
Again, if a native woman in India is ill, she cannot, at all 
events among the Mahomedans and the higher caste Hindus, 
call in a doctor, and therefore she is left to the tender mercies 
of a set of low-class women, whose ignorance and behaviour 
make them a sort of Indian version of the celebrated Sairey 
Gamp. The scheme which has been set forth by Lady 
Dufferin,and which was explained at the Mansion House meet- 
ing last Tuesday, proposes to remedy this evil by sending to 
India a number of properly-qualified medical women, who 
would both attend the sick, and also aid in the instruction of 
native female medical students. The idea is worthy of all 
encouragement. Money will at first be needed to set it 
going, but there can be little doubt that in time the profes- 
sion of a properly-qualified doctress in India (whether 
European or native) will become sufficiently lucrative to 
attract numerous candidates. 


Democratic Toryism. Many Tories on reading Lord 
Randolph Churchill’s speech at King’s Lynn, must have 
heartily wished that he, instead of Sir Drummond Wolf, had 
been sent on a diplomatic tour to the East. On this occasion 
the enfant terrible of the Conservative party aired his 
Democratic views on the burning questions of free education 
and the creation of peasant proprietorships. Beginning with 
a vehement denunciation of the Birmingham proposals on 
these subjects, he ended by adopting them in principle, only 
differing in matters of detail. He is prepared to go so far as 
to.reduce all school fees to one penny per child a week, the 
loss to be made good, as in the Chamberlain scheme, out of 
the Treasury. Similarly, although he scouted the Radical plan 
for the creation of small holdings at the expense of the State 
by compulsory purchase, he is willing to proceed so far in 
this direction as to do precisely the same thing under Parlia- 
mentary control. Of these rival schemes, we are bound 
to say we prefer the Radical to the Democratic-Tory, The 
former is more thorough, comprehensive, straightforward, 
and—the word presents itself{—honest. Both are eminently 


THE GRAPHIC 


Socialistic; both would make the State the largest land- 
owner in the kingdom; both would inevitably give rise to 
gigantic jobbery and not a little confiscation. But if the 
nation is really inclined for “reforms” of that sort, it had 
certainly better entrust their execution to those who believe 
in their efficacy rather than to those who merely pretend to 
believe in the hope of catching votes. Chamberlainism is 
not much to our taste, even in its unadulterated form, but as 
cooked %y Lord Randolph Churchill it is altogether 
objectiunable. It is a curious coincidence that each of the 
great political parties should have a prominent and entirely 
irrepressible member, to whom the majority of its members 
would like to apply the cé/ure. Among dishonest publicans 
there is an instrument called “ the rouser,” which they use to 
stir up the molasses and other ingredients employed in 
adulterating beer. Lord Randolph Churchill and Mr. Cham- 
berlain are the political “ rousers” of the present time, and 
very pernicious is the stuff which they stir up—plenty of 
froth and plenty of promise, but miserably lacking in strength 
and wholesomeness. 


TURKEY AND THE NATIONALITIES. In one sense the 
Porte may be said to have derived considerable benefit from 
the movement for the union of Bulgaria and Eastern Rou- 
melia. Noone, indeed, has a word to say for its method of 
government. In all the countries which remain directly 
subject to its rule there are still many abuses, and it seems to 
be wholly incapable of adopting a real and lasting policy of 
reform. To all observers, however, it has become obvious that 
the sudden abolition of the Ottoman Empire would lead to 
disastrous results. Admirers of the nationalities of South- 
Eastern Europe used to describe them as peoples who had 
but one political aim—that of establishing a great Federal 
State, all the members of which would enjoy equal rights. 
This view has not been confirmed by recent events. No 
sooner had Prince Alexander proclaimed himself the head of 
a United Bulgaria than Servia and Greece were thrown intoa 
state of violent commotion. Both began to arm, and it is not 
yet quite certain that Europe will be able to prevent them 
from plunging into war. The truth is that all these little 
States regard one another with bitter jealousy. Each of 
them is of opinion that it has a right to claim supremacy 
over its neighbours, anda fiercestr uggle for the foremost place 
would be the inevitable consequence of the collapse of the 
Porte. his has been rendered so clear that even Mr. 
Gladstone now talks with extreme caution about his pet 
nationalities, and his example is followed by all his most 
important followers. If the countries which have been 
wholly or in part emancipated from Turkish tyranny desire to 
obtain English sympathy, they must try to become rather 
less selfish. It is difficult to be enthusiastic about States 
which are always ready to snatch at an advantage, no matter 
at what cost to the peace and prosperity of their rivals. 


CopEs AND TELEGRAMS.—Telegraphic codes have long 
been in vogue in mercantile and speculative circles, for 
reasons both of economy and secrecy. The custom seems 
likely to spread into private life, now that the apparent boon 
of the sixpenny telegram is weighted with the drawback of 
costly addresses. Several codes displaying more or less in- 
genuity have already been published, and if people of “ wiry” 
tendencies can persuade their friends to agree in the use of 
one particular set of signals, the addresses of sender and 
sendee will soon become the most expensive part of the 
modern telegram. Gradually some one code will be found 
more convenient and explicit than any other, and will displace 
its rivals, except where secrecy is an object. Post officials 
will not be sorry when the code system becomes general. 
They are harder worked than ever (the messages have 
increased some sixty per cent.), and they are exposed to a 
good deal of grumbling on the part of the public, because 
the messages are almost always something over the regulation 
sixpence. But surely they ought to get some extra pay for 
all this extra work. As it is, they cannot feel very friendly 
towards changes which may conduce to the convenience of 
the public, but which increase their labours without any 
compensation. Personally, Lord John Manners is a kindly 
soul, Perhaps he will look into this. 


BurMa’s FururE.—By common consent, most speakers 
and writers who deal with the Burmese Question recognise 
that a considerable change will have to be made in our 
relations with the remnant of the once great kingdom of Ava 
Public opinion has not yet settled down to a decision as to 
whether a Protectorate would not serve our purpose as well 
as annexation ; while, should King Theebaw make the required 
amende, he may possibly be allowed to continue on the 
throne, with a British Resident by his side. All this. still 
remains in the misty region of the uncertain. But there are 
some matters on which the mind of England has come to 
final judgment. Our trade must, for one thing, have a right 
of way through Upper Burma, free from any sort of restric- 
tion. We are bound to open up fresh markets as the only 
way of making up for the loss of old customers in Europe ; 
aad, ifa splendid one exists in the interior of China, as travel- 
lers say, the road thither must be brought under our control. 
In the same way, it has become a necessity of our position in 
the East to have the foreign relations of Upper Burma in our 
keeping. The abortive intrigue carried on lately by the 
French Consul at Mandalay was most fortunate in one respect. 


Oct. 24, 1935 


It brought before the minds of all thoughtful politicians the 
vast change in the situation which has been wrought by the 
French conquests in Tonquin. A few years ago, the idea of 
the French undermining British influence would have seemed 
almost as laughable as that the Viceroy of India should 
intrigue at Tunis, or the Khédive at Kamtschatka. Now, 
however, there are few who do not perceive the possibility of 
that danger occurring; and, to guard against it, we must 
make plain to all the world that we will not permit any 
meddling with Burmese politics. So far, the national decision 
has concrete form ; the rest mainly depends upon tle manner 
in which the King receives Lord Dufferin’s ultimatum. The 
Burmese Envoy at Paris seems to believe that Theebaw will 
submit ; but the latest news from Rangoon does not give 
much support to his view. In any case, we know what we 
want, and are determined to get it, even by annexation should 
less drastic means fail. 


ENGLAND AND THE CoLontes.—In his recent speeches 
Lord Rosebery has spoken often and eloquently about the 
relations of this country to its colonies, and with much of 
what he has said almost all Englishmen agree. Not very 
long ago the prevalent feeling in England was that the 
colonies were a burden rather than an advantage ; and influ- 
ential politicians looked forward without misgiving to the 
time when they would become independent States. Now 
everybody admits that this was a mistaken view. The 
general opinicn to-day is that we have always derived great 
benefits from our colonies, and that the maintenance of 
the connection between them and the mother country is 
absolutely necessary to our prosperity. Nevertheless, it may 
be doubted whether the movement for Imperial federation is 
making much way. It has excited little sympathy in Australia 
and Canada; and the more closely the proposal is examined, 
the more clearly it is seen to be attended by formidable dif- 
ficulties. Colonial representatives could not be admitted into 
the Imperial Parliament, partly because the Colonies would 
not consent to be taxed by a body sitting in London, and 
partly because English domestic questions cannot be 
adequately dealt with by men whose home is beyond the seas. 
As for the suggestion that there might be an Impecial 
Council, it is open to the objection that such a Council would 
be tempted to interfere far too much in the affairs of the 
individual Colonies. There are also other objections, some 
of which were urged with great force by Sir Charles Dilke in 
the excellent speech he delivered the other day at Queen's 
Park. On the whole it seems probable that for some time 
we must content ourselves with the existing system. If 
there is to be a change, it must come gradually; and, 
whatever may be its character, it must be due mainly to the 
initiative of our colonial kinsfolk. 


Map Does. There has lately been a remarkable number 
of cases of vadées among dogs and of hydrophobia among 
human beings. No remedy has hitherto been discovered for 
this latter malady, which not only invariably kills, but kills by 
an especially painful and horrible death. All the more reason 
therefore for the adoption of strict preventive measures. The 
disease is apparently first developed in wandering masterless 
dogs, which either bite human beings direct, or bite other 
dogs, which then exhibit symptoms of vadéées. The dog-tax is 
very negligently collected. Lots of people shirk it altogether, 
and these are just the sort of careless unfecling folks who 
turn a dog adrift, regardless of consequences. «A correspon- 
dent suggests, and the idea if practicable is a good one, that 
all dogs should wear a collar, and that a certificate from the 
dog-tax collector should be affixed to this collar, The chief 
reason why the dog-tax is so easily evaded is that it is pay- 
able at post-offices, where the officials are already over- 
whelmed with other business. Let the Government appoint 
special collectors, with a liberal commission. They would get 
a larger revenue, and stray dogs would diminish wonderfully. 
By the way, the law about vicious dogs seems very feeble and 
unsatisfactory. A woman complained to Mr. Paget, the 
Wandsworth magistrate, about a dog which had flown at her 
little boy and had also bitten herself. Could she not have the 
dog destroyed ? No, was the magisterial answer, but she could 
bring an action against the owner. This is cold comlort. A 
good deal more summary justice, after the Oriental fashion, 
is much needed in this lawyer-ridden country. 


THe Prrrose LeaGue.—Like the Volunteer move- 
ment, the Primrose League has justified its existence by 
surviving a prolonged tempest of ridicule and laughter. 
There must be real vitality when this happens, and, with 
vitality, all things are possible. Judging from the interest- 
ing account of the League which was given by.Sir Algernon 
Borthwick at the Albert Palace demonstration, it promises 
to develop into a real political force. More than a thousand 
lodges—“ Habitations ” is the correct word—a muster-roll of 
40,000 members, and recruits coming in at the rate of 3,000 
per week, make a splendid record of accomplished results for 
an organisation only two years old. No doubt, the titular 
distinctions of the order have a ridiculous look. But, wnat 
then? Intrinsically, these are not more absurd than those of 
the Freemasons or of the Ancient DBufftloes, or of several 
other similar societies. whose robustness and usefulness are 
equally unquestionable. At all events, the rapid manner in 
which the League has gained ground proves that there are a 
great many ladies whose politics are sufficiently ardent ts stand 


Oct. 24, 1885 


the crucial test of ridicule. Not, either, the hardened 
veterans of the “ Shrieking Sisterhood,” but dames and 
damsels of fashion who would be regarded by those uncom- 
promising feminine reformers as the veriest fribbles. Many 
of them work with a will at electioneering drudgery of one 
sort or another, and they are as anxious to catch converts as 
if they were missionaries in a Pagan land. It is a gracious 
and graceful thing on the part of our working-class politicians 
that, whenever a bevy of fair Leaguers accompany a candi- 
date to a meeting in some rough quarter, the amenities usual 
on such occasions are omitted. Chairs remain unbroken, 
strong language is only uttered below the breath, and never 
has a platform been stormed. If for no other reason than 
this, therefore, the Dames and Knights, the Grand Councillors 
and Associates, are entitled to favourable consideration. The 
originator of the movement was evidently in a happy vein 
when his inner consciousness evolved the idea of identifying 
Lord Beaconsfield’s “favourite flower” witha League of ladies 
pledged to promote the Conservative cause. 


FrexcH RapIcas. The final result of the French 
elections has proved that for the present the Republic is not 
in the slightest danger. The Opportunists have been routed, 
but the Radicals are more powerful than ever, and it may be 
assumed that an essentially Radical Ministry will soon be in 
office. Whatever mistakes the Radicals may commit, they 
will be of a wholly different kind from those committed by 
the Ferry Cabinet. M. Clemenceau and his friends always 
protested against the expeditions to Tonkin and Madagascar. 
They insisted that the real business of France in her pre- 
to found 


sent circumstances is not colonies but to 
organise her resources at home; and now they can 
claim that in urging this view they represented the 


opinion of the French people. It remains to be seen 
whether they will be as prudent in domestic legislation as 
they have shown themselves to be in their ideas about 
foreign policy. On this point French Moderate Liberals, 
of course, express grave doubts ; but the Radicals 
annot fail to appreciate the obvious fact that they 
might provoke a formidable reaction by extreme measures. 
One advantage they have over the Opportunists, and that 
, that there can be no mistake as to the main lines 
of their policy. It was impossible to say how far the 
Opportunists might or might not go in their desire to win 
popular applause. The Radicals, on the contrary, have 
definite principles ; and friends and enemies alike will know 
the kind of proposals they may be expected to support. 


iS 


Some Minor Raitway GRIEVANCES. An intending 
passenger, bound ona journey of some length, opens the door 
ofa first-class carriage and finds the seats completely bestrewn 
with bags, coats, and hat-boxes, while one of a couple of 
gentlemen lolling in the corners informs him with super- 
cilicus politeness that “all these seats are engaged.” If the 
intending passenger disregards this admonition, and insists on 
entering the carriage, he practically calls the speaker a liar 
(which he usually is), and ensures for himself a disagreeable 
journey. So most frequently he sneaks off, and finds a seat 
elsewhere. Sometimes, however, these selfish creatures, who 
want to geta whole compartment to themselves for the price 
of two or three seats, adopt stronger precautions. By dint of 
using silvery arguments with the guard,he locks them in; 
and who. so bold, even if the possessor of a railway 
key, as to unlock the door? Because the place-seeking 
passenger cannot be sure that the compartinent is not 
legally pre-engaged. We don’t see an easy way out of 
this grievance so long as there are “tippable” railway 
officials and selfish people with money in their pockets. Let 
us turn for a moment to the luggage grievance. We strongly 
object to the “ Railway Director’s” suggestion for increasing 
the space for luggage in the passengers’ carriages. Our shins 
would be more often excoriated than heretofore by impetuous 
haulers-forth of portmanteaus. Then it is all very well to 
crack up the American check system or the Continental 
registration system. English people, in their own country, 
would grudge the extra time which the latter process implies, 
while the former is only a convenience for those who are 
staying at hotels. Let an unimpassioned spectator watch 
the arrival of a heavy train at one of ourterminuses. There 
is an apparently hopeless Babel of confusion round the lug- 
gage-pile; yet crowd and baggage soon disappear, and robberies 
en such occasions are comparatively rare ; while, judging from 
cur own pretty extensive experience, British porters are far 
more skilful and careful in their handling of luggaye than their 
Continental representatives. 


Tue VESTRIES IN .ARMS. Wisdom is not popularly 
identified with the British Vestryman, any more than with the 
London Alderman. ‘There is, nevertheless, an abundance of 
shrewd common sense among both these classes of civic 
authorities, and, if they would only refrain from making 
speeches, their merits might receive more recognition. It 
was certainly a sensible conclusion that the Conference of 
Vestry Delegates came to at the Westminster Town Hall last 
Monday. They assembled to consider the great question of 
the Government of London, a matter on which most Vestry- 
men hold very strong opinions of the “leave well alone” 
sort. Vhe conclave did not, however, take up a az possunus 
attitude, neither did they give ear to one of their number 


THE GRAPHIC 


who proposed a tremendous resolution denouncing all bodies 
at present connected with our Municipal administration. 
Quietly and sedately they discussed whether things might not 
be improved, and this being decided in the affirmative, they 
proposed aresolution in favour of the appointment of a Royal 
Commission of Inquiry. No doubt, that will appear a lame 
and impotent conclusion to the zealots who are longing to 
bring down the Lord Mayor, the Aldermen, the Common 
Councilmen, and Gog and Magog in a grand crush. No 
doubt, either, that Mr. Firth, with his cut-and-dried scheme 
of a gigantic Municipality to rule over the whole metropolis, 
will chafe at the idea of more delay. We grant that it is hard 
on him to have his promotion to the pedestal of everlasting 
fame again postponed. But, after all,the creation of new 
administrative machinery for the every-day needs of between 
four and five millions of people is a big affair. All the Great 
Powers have to take counsel together about the requirements 
and aspirations of a smaller number of much less civilised 
folks in Eastern Europe, and we think, therefore, the Vestries 
show a great deal of sense in deprecating hurry in throwing 
the Municipal Government of London into hotch-potch. 
They recognise the necessity of change, and they are only 
fearful lest it should tip this wonderful congeries of cities out 
of the frying-pan into the fire. 


Norice.—Wth this Number ds tssued an Extra 
SUPPLEMENT, entitled “THE HuGUENOTS IN ENGLAND: A 
NARRATIVE COMMEMORATING THE REVOCATION OF THE 
Epicr or NANTES, OCTOBER 22, 1685.” 


BR 
ENTS 


HENRY 


1} 
LY 
4 Irvinc.—EVERY EVENING at 8 o'clock, OLIVIA, by W. G. Wills. Dr. 
Primrose, Mr. Henry Irving; Olivia, Miss Ellen Terry. 
Box Office (Mr. J. Hurst), open Ten_to. Five, where Seats can be booked in 
advance, or by letter or telegram._L YCEUM. 


RINCESS’S THEATRE.—MR. 


WILSON BARRETT, 


Com 
Beer 


“I-HE PRINCE’S THEATRE, Coventry Street, W.—Lighted 

by Electricity. Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr, Epcar Bruce. Every 
Evening at 7.30, THE CASTING VOTE. Followed by (at 9) the very successful 
farcical play, in three acts, by R. C. Carton and Cecil Raleigh, called THE GREAT 
PINK PEARL For cast see daily papers. Doors open at 7.19, commence at 7.30. 
Carriages at 11. Box Office open tr to 5. Seats may be booked by letter, telegram, 
or telephone (3,700), MATINEE of GREAT PINK PEARL, | Saturday 
next at Three, preceded by Comedietta at 2.15. Duors open at 2. Mr. Edgar 
Bruce as Anthony Sheen.—Business Manager and ‘Treasurer, Mr. W. H. 
GRIFFITHS. 


>T. JAMES’S HALL.— SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 7th, at 

THREE. Mr. GEORGE WATTS’ ANNUAL GRAND MORNING 
CONCERT. Madame Adelina Patti, Madame Trebelli, Mr, Edward Lloyd, Mr. 
Santley, Madame Norman-Neéruda, and other Eminent Artists. Prices as, 6d. to 218. 
Tickets and programmes at St. James's H_ 1] and usual agents. 
ST. JAMESS HALL, PICCADILLY, 

THE COOLEST PLACE OF AMUSEMENT IN LONDON. 

THE NEW AND DELIGHTFUL ENTERTAINMENT 
of the world-famed 
LL Cee AND BURGESS MINSTRELS 
ALL THROUGH THE SUMMER. 
EVERY NIGHT AT_ FIGHT, and on 
MONDAY, WEDNESDAY, and. SATURDAY AFTERNOONS 
at THREE as well. 
Doors open at 2.30 and 7. 
Tickets and places at Austin’s Office, St. James s Hall, from 9.30 «0 7. 
o fees of any se aa 

GREAT SUCCESS of the MOORE and BURGESS MINSTRELS, 

TWENTY-FIRST ANNIVERSARY PROGRAMME, which will be RE- 
PEATED AT EVERY PERFORMANCE, 

Everybody should be present at Mr. G. W. Moore's (assisted by his Daughter, 
(Miss Victoria Moore), prestidigitatory seance and marvellous feats of legerdemain. 


THE VALE OF TEARS.—Doré’s LAST GREAT PICTURE, 

completed a few days before he died. Now on VIEW at the DORE GAL- 
LERY, 35, New Bond Street, with “CHRIST LEAVING THE PRA TORIUM,' 
and his other Great Pictures. From roto 6 Daily. One Shilling 


ANNO DOMINI, ‘THE SEARCH FOR BEAUTY,” and 
“THE CHOSEN FIVE.” by Epwin_Lona, R.A. These Celebrated Pictures 
with other works. are ON VIEW at THE GALLERIES, 168 New Bond Street. 
Ten to six. Admission ts. 


NEW ENGRAVINGS, &c., ON VIEW 
MAYTIME, Basin BRADLEY, bs 
TWIXT LOVE AND DUTY. S.E, Watter, 
NAPOLEON ON THE “BELLEROPHON. 
THE GLOAMING. Cart HEFFNER. 
DAWN (Companion to do.) : 
THE MISSING BOATS. R.H, Carter. 
A PEGGED-DOWN FISHING MATCH. Denny Sapiep. 
FIRST DAYS OF SPRING. IsEmBarT. 
PARTING KISS. Atma TapEMa. 
&c., &e., &e. 
N.B.—Engravings of above on sale at lowest prices, _ 
THE SAVOY GALLERY OF ENGRAVINGS, 
GEO. REES. 115, Strand. Corner of Savoy Street. 


HE BRIGHTON SEASON.— 


Frequent Trains from Victoria and London Bridge. 
Also Trains in connection from Kensington, Chelsea, &c. 
Return Tickets, London to Brighton, available for eight days, 
Weekly. Fortnightly, and Monthly Tickets, at Cheap Rates 
Available to travel by all Trains between London and Brighton. 
Pullman Drawing Room Cars between Victoria and Brighton 
Through Bookings to Brighton from principal Stations 
On the Railways in the Northern and Midland Districts. 


RIGHTON EVERY WEEKDAY.—A First Class Cheap 

Train from Victoria 10.0a.m. Day Return Tickets, ras. 6d., including Pullman 

ee available to return by the 5.45 p.m. Pullman Express Train, or by any later 
rain. 


RIGHTON EVERY SUNDAY.—First Class Cheap 
Trains from Victoria 10.45 a.m. and 12.30 p.m., calling at Clapham Junction ani 
Croydon. Day Return Tickets, ros. | \ 
A’ Pullman Drawing Room Car is run on. the 10.45 a.m. Train from Victoria to 
Brighton, returning from Brighton by the 8.40 pm: ‘Train. Special Cheap Fare 
from Victoria, including Pullman Car, res,, available by these Trains only. 


RIGHTON. — THE GRAND AQUARIUM. — EVERY 
SATURDAY, Cheap First Class Trains from Victoria at 10.40 and 11.40 a.m., 
calling at Clipham Junction ; and from London Bridge at 9.30 a.m. and 12.0 noon, 
calling at East Croydon. : . a es. 
Day Return Fare—rst Class, Half-a Guinea, including admission to the Aquarium 
and the Royal Pavilion. 


Ludgate Circus Office, _ 
By Order) J. P. KNIGHT. General Manager. 


TONGO 


THE ELEPHANT BATTERY AT 


Tus battery is of peculiar interest just now, as itis situated at 
Tongo, a town in the Tenasserim district of British Burmah, and would 
take a leading part in any hostile operations. ‘he nominal strength 
of a battery placed at twenty-two elephants and four guns. 
These are disposed as follows-—four are attached to the guns, twelve 
carry the ammunition, four the artificers’ tools, and two are kept in 
reserve for emergencies. Weekly parades are held, and the spec- 
tator is at once impressed with the thorough training and the readi- 
ness with which all orders are understood and obeyed. The 
swimming drill, which is also held weekly, is a most trying task 
for the mahout, and it is not uncommon to see an elephant back out 
of the water and take to the jungle with all possible speed, and 
only be induced to return after much trouble and persuasion.—Our 
illustrations are from sketches by Mr. F’. Rencontre, Rangoon, 


THE SOUDAN CONTINGENT AT SYDNEY 


THE Contingent furnished by New South Wales to the Soudan 
Expeditionary Force numbered some Soo men—artillery, infantry, 
and ambulance corps—all told. They were commanded by Colonel 
Richardson, and served about two months in the Soudan —from the 
end of March to the end of May. On their return to Sydney they 
were enthusiastically /ée¢, and the whole incident has greatly 
stimulated the volunteer movement in the colony, several new corps 
being formed, and amongst them a Lancer regiment and one of 
Highlanders.—Our illustrations are from photographs by Messrs, 
Tuttle and Co., of Sydney, and are kindly forwarded by Mr. W.G. 
Hadril, who writes : ‘‘ One of the groups represents the camel corps 
of the New South Wales Contingent lately returned from the 
Soudan, with Lieutenant Sparrow, numbering about thirty. The 
smaller group depicts the staff and transport corps, numbering 
eight men. There is a grand dinner to be given to the Contingent 
at the Crystal Palace.” 


THE TELPHER LINE AT GLYNDE 


TELPHERAGE is a name given to a system for automatically trans- 
porting goods by means of electricity, the cars or carriers being 
run along a line of steel rods suspended on posts. The system was 
the invention of the late Professor Fleeming Jenkin. He had begun 
the construction ofa telpher-line on the estate of Lord Hampden at 
Glynde, near Lewes; and his plans were perfected by Professor 
Perry, his successor. The line was formally opened on Saturday by 
Lady Hampden, who electrically started a loaded train on the line. 
The line is a double one, nearly a mile in length, and is composed of 
two sets of steel rods, three-quarters of an inch in diameter, supported 
on wooden posts of T-shape, and about 18 ft. high. The carriers, 
or skips as they are technically termed, are iron trough-shaped 
buckets, each holding about 2 cwt., and suspended from the line by 
a light iron frame, at the upper end of which is a pair of grooved 
wheels running on the line of rods. Atrain is made up of ten of 
these skips, which are in electrical connection with each other and 
with an electrical motor which is placed in the middle of the train, 
having five skips in front of and five behind it. Ata point about 
midway of the length of the line is the engine house, in which is a 
steam-engine which drives the dynamos. From the latter the cur- 
rent is led to the line, and thus to the’electrical motor which moves 
the train. Theuse to which the line is put is to carry clay at a cost 
of 734d. per ton from a pit to the Glynde railway siding, whence it 
is delivered into trucks and transported by rail to the works of the 
Newhaven Cement Company. A labourer, by touching a key, starts 
the train, which travels at a speed of from four to five miles an hour. 
The labourer at either end of the line has full control over the train, 
and can stop, start, and reverse it at will. The total cost of such a 
line as this is estimated at 1,200/. with five trains with locomotives to 
carry over 100 tons daily. It is estimated that a double line ten 
miles long, if heavily weighted, would carry material at 2d. per ton 
per mile. The trains need no attention while running, as they are 
governed to run at the same speed up and down hill, while twenty 
trains can run on the line without any danger of collision, an 
absolute automatic block being provided. Three special advantages 
are claimed for Telpher lines—the ease with which Telpher trains 
can go round sharp curves without loss of power, the facility with 
which natural sources of power, such as water power, can be utilised, 
and the ability to tap the electric power at any point of the line and 
utilise it for driving stationary engines. A most valuable facility 
for working agricultural machinery in the fields is thus available. 


THE PRIMROSE LEAGUE AT THE ALBERT PALACE 


A GRAND demonstration of the metropolitan and provincial 
branches of the Primrose League was held on Saturday, October 
17th, at the Albert Palace, Battersea Park. The League was 
founded two years ago in honour of the late Lord Beaconsheld, and 
to maintain the principles which he professed. In spite of the 
sneers of its aponents, it has developed throughout the country a 
remarkable amount of Conservative enthusiasm, and the feminine 
element which predominates in its organisation is not the Icast 
potent of its weapons, Saturday’s gathering was in some sense a 
review of the forces of the League on the eve of the clectoral 
campaign. Some ten thousand persons were present, all of whom 
wore either the insignia of the League, or the equally significant 
emblem of a bunch of primroses. 

The proceedings of the day began with a series of addresses by 
Conservative candidates; then followed a patriotic concert, under 
the direction of Viscountess Folkestone; then Mr. Marriott, M.P., who 
had come up with a deputation from the Brighton Habitation, spoke 
from the central platform on the political situation ; and lastly a 
banquet, under the presidency of Sir Algernon Borthwick, in the 
Connaught Hall, where covers were laid for 1,150 guests, brought 
the proceedings to a close. 

A few words may be added in explanation ef our illustrations, 
After the candidates’ speeches, Lady Randolph Churchill, accom- 
panied by a number of other ladies, was escorted to the platform 
amid Joud cheers; and, when the concert was over, a handsome 
bouquet was presented by the little daughter of one of the Palace 
stall-holders to Lady Randolph. 

In his speech at the banquet, Sir Algernon Borthwick gave an 
interesting account of the rise and progress of the Primrose League. 
“ The law havirg altered the condition of elections,” he said, 
“volunteers were needed to do the work formerly done by paid 
canvassers, and we appealed to these volunteers to come forward in 
support of great principles, which are dear to us all—for the 
maintenance of our religion, of the Constitution, and of the 
Empire.” 

Lord Harris, in the course of his speech, observed :—‘‘ There is 
an old phrase that trade follows the flag, but in the establishment 
of our Colonial Empire it has been the flag that has followed the 
trade.” 

Great enthusiasm was manifested when Mr. Howard Vincent 
proposed the health of Sir Algernon Borthwick, to whose efforts, 


Oct. 24, 1885 


E 


THE GRAPHIC 


448 


THE CAMEL CORPS 


STAFF AND TRANSPORT CORPS 


FROM THE SOUDAN 


CONTINGENT 


FROM PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN AT SYDNEY 


THE AUSTRALIAN 


THE RETURN HOME OF 


Oct. 24. 1883 THE GRAPHIC 


THE NEW TELPHER LINE AT GLYNDE, NEAR LEWES, THE SEAT OF LORD HAMPDEN, THE EX-SPEAKER—LADY HAMPDEN 


STARTING THE FIRST TRAIN 


Lord Harris: : Mr. Howarb VIN- 
“The flag has ff : CENT: “ Healthand 
followed the Prosperity to the Fr 
S Do Chairmai, Sir 
aA. Borthwick.” 
\ 


na) 
yy | 
Ay 


Puy field. , 
SLougver —the Primrose.” 


BANQUET OF IHE PRIMROSE LEAGUE AT THE ALBERT PALACE, BATTERSEA 


450 


ably seconded by those of Mr. Hardman and Mr. Cusack Smith, the 
prosperity of the League is chiefly due. 

The grounds of the Palace were brilliantly illuminated at night- 
fall, and at the end of the banquet there was a fine display of 
fireworks, the set pieces including portraits of Lord Beaconsfield, 
Lord Salisbury, and Lord Randolph Churchill. 


AN ELECTION MEETING 


IN spite of the chatter about progress and enlightenment the mass 
of the community regard the struggles of rival politicians rather as 
affording a certain degree of pleasurable excitement than as a matter 
of really serious and solemn interest. It was stated the other day 
that the weather had a serious effect on the Paris Elections. If 
wet, everybody stayed in town, and the Conservative sulfrages were 
fairly pitted against those of the Radicals, But if the weather was 
fine the Conservatives (who belong to a more prosperous class than 
most of their opponents) went out of town to amuse themselves, 
and consequently, owing to their absence, the sacred cause of 
Reaction suffered at the ballot-boxes, It may in like manner be 
safely averred that more than half the people who go to an election 
meeting would have given the meeting the go-by if they had been 
offered an order for a popular theatre. At the same time, these 
meetings are usually interesting. They make politics seem more of 
a reality than when we only read about them ina newspaper. ‘Then 
there is an attraction about oratory (unless it be very dull and long- 
winded) which reading cannot rival. The proceedings, moreover, 
are rarely portentously solemn; there is usually a good deal of fun 
and chaff. When, however, the chaff takes the form of an organised 
gang sweeping through the audience and breaking their heads with 
bludgeons, it becomes the reverse of pleasant. The Radicals are 
the greatest sinners in this respect. ‘lhere will be a great many 
meetings during the next few weeks ; and the chiefs of the party will 
do well to dissuade the coarser and more brutal members of their 
fraternity from conduct which is utterly hostile to the professed 
doctrines of Radicalism. 

FESTIVITIES AT PEEL, ISLE OF MAN 

PEEL Town, Isle of Man, was the scene of much popular festivity 
last week, on the occasion of the presentation of a lifeboat by the 
National Lifeboat Institution, and the opening of a battery of 
the Naval Reserve. Some six thousand persons took part in the 
popular demonstration, and fully half that number must have come 
from Douglas to take part in the proceedings. The boat was 
brought overland from Douglas, having been gaily decorated with 
flowers and wreaths, and was met at the boundary by a dense throng 
of people, who gave them cheers of welcome. A procession was 
then formed, and escorted the boat to the shore. There it was placed 
ona slip ready for launching, and formally presented—first by Mr. 
Brown, on the part of the late Captain John Monk, to the National 
Lifeboat Institution, and then to the town by the representative of 
that body. Speeches were subsequently made by the High Bailiff. 
Mr. Laughton, and the Lieutenant-Governor, Mr. Spericer Walpole, 
A prayer was offered by the Bishop; his wife, Mrs. Hill, dashed a 
bottle of wine against the stern, naming the boat the Johu Afouk; 
and finally the ropes were cast loose, and the boat slid down into 
the water. The procession was then reformed, and proceeded to 
the Battery of the Royal Naval Reserve, situated on the brow of 
Creg Malin, and commanding the port. The battery, which was 
formally opened by Mrs. Spencer Walpole firing the first gun, is 
composed of two guns, the largest a 5% ton muzzle-loading Wool- 
wich pattern, and the other an old pattern muzzle - loading 
64-pounder. ‘The men at present number about 300, and are under 
the command of Mr. Quigley. A Juncheon at the Drill Hall, at 
which further speeches were made, concluded the day’s proceedings. 
In the course of his speech the Lieutenant-Governor referred to the 
increasing prosperity of Peel, which now contains some 3,000 inha- 
bitants, and gave his hearers some sound advice with regard to pro- 
vision for drainage anda good water supply. Referring to their past 
history, he said, ‘* The ruins of the old cathedral look down upon 
this town, and ought to remind you of what men your forefathers 
were. The spire of a beautiful modern church points upwards to 
Heaven, and ought to preach to you the old eternal lesson— 
Excelsior !” 


MEMORIAL TO MR. BASS AT DERBY 


On the afternoon of Saturday, October 17th, Sir William 
Harcourt unveiled a statue erected by public subscription at Derby 
to the late Mr. M. T. Bass, who represented the borough in 
Parliament for thirty-five years. The statue is of bronze, over nine 
feet high, and stands in the market-place. It was designed by Mr. 
J. E. Boehm, R.A. The pedestal is of white Hollington stone, and 
was designed by Mr. R. W. Edis, of London. The ceremony 
was witnessed by some 35,000 persons, many of whom came from 
Burton-ypon-Trent. 

Sir William Harcourt made a most excellent, hearty, and sympa- 
thetic speech. No man, he said, needed a statue less than Mr. Bass, 
for Derby was full of the monuments of his munificence. He wasa 
bountiful contributor to the Recreation Ground, the Free Baths, the 
Schoolsof Art, the Children’s Hospitai. the Infirmary, and, above all, 
the Railway Orphanage. [Tis hand and his heart were open to all. He 
once said: ‘I have made a lot of money ; [have had much pleasure 
in making it, but I have had much more pleasure in giving it away.” 
Owing to his abstemious habits and manly exercises he lived to a 
green old age. We was a first-rate horseman, a capital shot, and 
excelled in all kinds of sport. He overflowed with high spirits, with 
fun, and with constant good humour, which made him the favourite of 
both men and women. 

Curiously enough, in his eulogium, although he alluded to brewing, 
Sir William never inentioned the (possibly vulgar) little monosyllable 
“‘ beer.” Yet how eloquently the small word conveys the obligations 
of the world at large to Mr. Bass! In the way of pare business he 
probably conferred as much pleasure on mankind as any human 
being that ever lived. We do not precisely know the composition 
of the nectar consumed by the ancient heathen deities, but it was 
almost certainly far inferior to Bass’s Pale Ale.--Ov engraving is 
froma photograph by Mr. Thomas Scotton, of the Locomoiive 
Department, Midland Railway, Derby. 


THE ITUGUENOTS IN ENGLAND 
See pp, 461 ef xq. 


“ FIRST PERSON SINGULAR” 


Mr. Davip Curistig Murray's New Story, illustrated by 
Arthur ITopkins, is continued on page 465. 


REPAIR OF STRATFORD-ON-AVON CHURCH 


_ Morty Trinity Cuurcu, Stratford-on-Avon, is very beautifully 
situated, its tapering spire being encircled by large elms, whose 
giant arms hang gracefully over the soft-flowing Avon, which 
encloses the churchyard with a shining girdle. It is scarcely 
necessary to observe that this church is the resort of pilgrims from 
all parts of the English-speaking world, because beneath its chancel 
lie the remains of William Shakespeare. ‘he fact, therefore, 


THE GRAPHIC 


that the church has for some time past been in an increasingly had 
state of repair is a matter of more than local interest, and we think 
that the Mayor of Stratford-on-Avon, Mr. Arthur [Hodgson (who 
has been indefatigable in the business), has acted rightly in 
appealing for funds in order to effect the necessary restoration, not 
merely to the inhabitants of Stratford or of Warwickshire, but to 
the English-speaking world. The total sum required is 12,000/., 
according to the architect’s estimate. The work is to be done bit 
by bit, with a reverential caution which will defy criticism. There 
is no intention to beautify, re-model, pull down, or re-construct, 
but to repair and maintain this noble parish church, which was 
dedicated to the glory of God 600 years ago, and is the sepulchre 
of one of the greatest men who ever lived. The work has now 
begun, as nearly 4,090/, has already been subscribed, chiefly, 
however, by residents of the town and neighbourhood ; indeed, a 
single individual, Mr. Charles E. Flower, has given 1,000/, To 
complete the sum required an appeal is now made, especially to 
those persons who either from various localities in our own islands, 
or from the far-distant worlds of the West and of the Antipodes, 
have made a pilgrimage to the birthplace and tomb of the Swan 
of Avon. Subscriptions will be gladly received by Mr. Arthur 
Hodgson, C.M.G., Stratford-on-Avon.—Our engravings are drawn 
from photographs supplied by Mr. Hodgson. 


LIEUT.-COLONEL FYNMORE AND THE BATTLE 
OF TRAFALGAR 


In 1879 we published the portraits of seven surviving officers of 
Nelson's great fight. Now that the eightieth anniversary of the 
battle has arrived there is only one surviving, Lieut.-Colonel James 
Fynmore, of the Marines. He is ninety-two years of age—the por- 


~€25 SPaNisH SHIPS 


Oct. 24, 1885 


Marines in 1808. ITe was at the bombardment of Algiers in 1816. At 
that engagement his ‘tubes ” were tried for tre first time, and proved 
a great success. From that day they have been universally used. 
Ile served twenty-five years at sea, twenty on shore, and retired in 


1848. 
A WILD GARDEN 


Mr. GEORGE F. WILsoN says of this wild garden of his, which 
is situated at Heatherbank, Weybridge Heath, ‘‘ When I retired 
from a business which required close observation, many experiments, 
and some invention, I had to seek fresh healthy useful occupation, 
and chose gardening, an old hobby, but which I had hitherto had 
little time to ride. In 1878 I bought a farm, a small part of which 
affords facilities for experiment, as it has many varieties of soil ani 
different degrees of moisture. The land had not been thought much 
of in the neighbourhood, as the rent was only 135. 4d. an acre, and 
this not always paid. Indeed, the field where an important part of 
the garden now is had the reputation of growing nothing, but to a 
gardening eye it presented such capabilities that I determined if I 
got possession cf it to make such a garden there as had not been 
seen before.” 

Let us now see what Canon Ellacombe wrote in the Gardeners’ 
Chronicle of June 23rd, 1883. The Canon is an authority, for his 
garden at Litton, near Bristol, has been the head-quarters of hardy 
plants for more than sixty years. This is what Canon Ellacombe 
says of Mr. Wilson’s garden :-— 

“Tt is quite marvellous to see the vigour with which many plants 
are growing which have been a puzzle to gardeners for many years ; 
and this vigour is not confined to one or two classes of plants, for 
Mr, Wilson is ready to welcome strange plants from all parts of the 
world, and though I do not say everything will succeed there, yet 


W.nd very light about W. by N i 


rae a i “ 
Franco-Spanisit FLEET B| ehs 
: 2 | 838 
&, 4 19 & ee 
aa ee) ep 27 Be 
% \"%s Ba —_ > g 
%\O 3B 8 ee ic “Qa <p 
: aD - om 
ae®: 2e-ae <a ah xg: ay 33 ‘6 
gee 6 It 13 16 es 21 es ae = “3 
aie a 23 1g SS 7 Miz. 
I ae 25 49 = a ee 5 
ar? s 32 5 trai, 
r t a ne Sd 
‘a g 30 aS 
B @ Parte 
t a 
‘g © @ i 
r “ 
: Zz 
g Q: g | 
2 ~ 
Sb @ z “ah 
fs) 
Pa d ge a 9 
“ 1 3 N 
a = a) d 
= 2. AA 
68 inf 
r g Br 
s) as a 
| <&. parrisu Sures bg ce) Ges 
i ® : 
—@yp FreNcu Surps vg 6° 9 @: =f 
4 R 
oo Br s 


PLAN OF THE BATTLE OF TRAFALGAR, OCTOBER 21, 1805 


Frency & Spanist SHips| Frencu & SpanisH SHIPS 


FRENCH & SPANISH SHIPS, 


BriTISH SHIPS Brivisx Surrs 


1.—Neptuno (74) 32.—Swiftsure (74) 


16,—Bucentaure (0) 


2.—Scipion (74) 17.—Redoutable (74) 33.—Montanez (74) 
3.—Intrépide (74) 18.—-Neptune (80) 34.—Argonaute Gy) 
4.—Rayo (109) 1g.—Hortense, Frigate] 35.—Berwick (74) 
5.—Cornélie, Frigate (40) Go} 36.—San IIdefonso (74) 
6.—Formidable (80) z0.—San Leandro (64) 37.—St. Juan €po- 


muceno (74) 


7.—Duguay-Trouin (74) 
8 38.—Hermione, Frigate 


8.—Rhin, Frigate (40) 
9—Mont Blanc (74) 
10.—San Francisco d'Assisi 


at—San Justo (74) 
oT ea aile (80) 
23.—Sta. Anna (112) 


yo) 
24.—Fougueux (74) 39.—T némis, Frigate (40) 


74) 25.—Pluton (74) 40.—Argonauta (80) 
11.—Heéros (74) 26,—Monarea (74) 4t —Achille (74), ‘ 
12.—San Augustin (74) 27.—F lora, Frigate (44) 42.—Principe de Asturias 
13.—Furet, Brig (18) 28.—Mercurio, Frigate (112) : 
14.—L’Observatoire, Brig 40). 43.—Argus, Brig 

(16) 29.—Aigésiras (74) — 
15 —Santissima Trinidad British Sues 


30.—Argle (74) 
Bah 


31.—Bahama (74) A—Victory,Nelson (100) 


(130) 


B.—Téméraire (98) 
c.—Neptune (98) 
D.—Atfrica (64) 
E,—Conqueror (74) 
¥.—Leviathan (74) 
c.—Britannia, Northesk 
(100) 
u.—Euryalus, 


38 

1—Orion (74) 

J.—Ajax (74) 

k.—Agamemnon (64) 

i —Naiad, Frigate (36) 

u.—Entreprenante, Cut- 
ter 

n.—Phexbe, Frigate (38) 

o.—Munotaur (74) 

P.—Spartiate (74) 


Frigate i 


Q.—Sirius, Frigate (38) 
R.—Pickle, Schoone: 
s—Royal Sovereign, 
Collingwood (109) 
v.—Belleisie (74) 
U.—Mars (74) 
Vv. Ponmant (80), ) 
W.— Bellerophon (74. 
x.—Colossus (74) 
y.—Achille (74) 
z.—Polyphemus (64) 
aa —Revenge (74) 
BB.—Dreadnought (90) 
cc.—Swittsure (74) 
pp.--Detence (74) 
EX. ehance (74) 
FF.—Thunderer (74) 
GG.—Priace (93) 


As the morning mist rolled away on the arst of October, 1805, the enemy's fleet was discovered, dravn up in the shape ofa crescent. In 


the British fleet was heard the roll of the drum beating to quarters, as ship after ship took up its position. ie wh t i 
About noon the engagement commenced. Collingwood first came into 


two columns, respectively led by Nelson and Collingwood. 


action, and Nelson broke the enemy's line, pouring in broadside after broadside, thus throwing all into cerfusion. _ 
in smoke, and in some parts of the engagement vessels came into such close cuntact that three-deckers fired over three-deckers, 


enveloped 


he whole fleet was divided inta 


oth fleets were now 


whilst Spanish and French fired into one another, In the thickest of the fight Nelson fell, the command devolving on Collingwood. 


About four o'clock the enemy began to draw off, and all was over. As 


during the night that many of the enemy's vessels foundered, the majority of which had prize crews on board. 
On the morning of the 2znd the enemy was drawn up as if intending to renew the fight, but subsequently dispersed. 
$s were captured or destroyed. Thus ended the glorious day that shook the power of Napoleon. 


fleet was lost. ¢ 
Most.of their shi 


The Franco-Spanish Flegt consisted of 18 French and 13 Spanish Line of Battle Ships. iixed, c ; 
qj of being straight, the line was curved or crescent-like. The diagram will show 
5 to the commencement of the battle at about 11.30 a.m., as recorded by naval and civil historians, 


regard to order of national squadron,so much so that, instea: 
the position of the two fleets previo 
and from my observation as a midshipman of the 4/frica. 

French and $ 


h so scattered the fleets 


evening set in, a terrific storm arose, whicl > flee 
Not one of the English 


he ships were mixed, without any apparent 


nish struck 19 sail of the line, with three flag officers :—Vice-Admiral Villeneuve, the Commander-in-Chief, Don 


Ignacio Maria d’Alava, and Speath Rear-Admiral Don Baltasar Hidalgo Cisneros. ‘There were 4,009 troops embarked, under General- 


Contamin, who was taken with Admiral Villeneuve. English 


loss estimated at 1,587 of all_ranks. 


The enemy, as stated, nearly 16,020. 


‘The battle ceased about 4.30 p.m. The numbers after each ship denote its guns. The English fleet consisted of 27 sail/of the line, 4 


frigates, 1 schooner, 1 cutter. 


at the battle.—Ep. G, 


{According to James, the acourate author of the ‘' Naval History,” 


trait we publish (from a photograph by Hemery and Co,, of Regent 
Street and Peckham) was only taken the other day—yet he is in 
excellent health, and is possessed of wonderful sight. He still 
amuses himself with sketching and painting, for which his father also 
had astrong taste, and he has lately finished a water-colour drawing 
of one vessel towing ano‘her two days after the battle of Trafalgar. 
The picture, however, which we have reproduced was drawn by 
Lieut.-Colonel Fyamore in 1875, when he was eighty-two. It 
represents HI. M.’s frigate Zzryadus, Admiral Collingwood, collect- 
ing his fleet after the battle of Trafatgar, October 21st, 1805. In 
the foreground appears H.M.’s Africa, 64 guns, dismasted and in 
distress. The 4/rica, on board of which Colonel Fynmore’s father 
was a Captain of Marines, and himself a midshipman, lost more in 
k lled and wounded than any vessel in the feet ; she was commanded 
by ‘Fighting Digby,” as he was called, and was simultaneously 
engaged with the Suztéisstma Yrinidad and two French liners. 
During the night after the battle a terrible gale came on, and no 
wonder that next day the A/réca was in a sad plight. 

Lieut.-Colonel Fynmore comes of a good old Berkshire famity, 
famous for length of life. Tis father’s sister died at the age of 104. 
Both his father and his grandfather served in the Marines. His son, 
Me. W. R. Fynmore, retired Naval Storekeeper, to whom we are 
indebted-for these particulars, is fifty-five years of age, and the last 
of the family in England. 

Lieut.-Colonel Fynmore entered the Royal Navy in 1803, and the 


James Fynsore. Lieut.-Colonel R.M. 
neither the Flora, the Mercurie, nor the Observatoire were present 


whatever does grow there seems to grow luxuriantly. Many things 
combine to produce this happy result. ‘here is a great variety of 
soil and situation, so that a fitting place can be found for any plant, 
whether it requires sun or shade, dry soil or moisture, good friable 
loam or peat, or even marsh. When to this is added plenty of 
water, and over all the practical knowledge and the careful tending 
of Mr, Witson and his son, the secret is explained.” ; 

The garden has made good progress since Canon Ellacombe's 
visit, adds Mr. Wilson, and, thanks to the kindness of amateur 
friends and the authorities of Botanic Gardens both at home and 
abroad, it is being filled up with interesting plants. 


—— io 


“OrLp TesTaAMENT Revisers.”——In our article last week we 
accidentally spoke of the “‘late” Mr, R. L. Bensly. We are happy 
to say that Mr. Bensly is alive, and is busily engaged, with other 
members of the Bible Revision Company, in preparing a new ver- 


sion of the Apocrypha. 


~ © REVISION ReAsONs.” The Rev. C. G. K. Gillespie, author 
of the above book, which was recently reviewed in our columns, 
writes to say, with reference to a remark of ours, that there i: 
no identification of ¢avex with tenia. The statement refers to the 
root, unused in the Hebrew Bible, and shows that this rvot, found 
in #enia, refers only to the size or extent of the animal. 


Mr. GLADSTONE having expressed his confidence in the result of 
the Midlothian election, his candidature for the Shipley Division of 
the West Riding is to be dropped, and a local Liberal candidate has 
been substituted for him. 

Lorp HARTINGTON denies the accuracy of the conclusion 
drawn from a reference in one of his recent speeches to the length 
of his political career. “There is no foundation,” he informs a 
correspondent, “ for the statement that I intend to retire from public 
life.” 

Mx. CHAMBERLAIN was ‘Snot at home” when a deputation of 
the unemployed of Birmingham last week called at his residence, a 
few miles from that town, to induce him to use his influence to pro- 
cure an independent Relief Committee. They were more fortunate 
on Tuesday, when, preceded by a body of police, they marched up 
to his door between 400 and 500 strong, and two of their number 
were allowed an interview with him, Their reception was by no 
means cordial, Mr. Chamberlain saying that it was ‘‘ perfect non- 
sense” for them thus to ‘fcome in their hundreds,” when a simple 
deputation would have sufficed. 

Tie Ean. or ILCItESTER succeeds the late Earl of Shaftesbury 
in the Lord-Lieutenancy of Dorsetshire. 

ANOTHER LIBERAL PEER, in the person of Lord Londesborough, 
has formally joined the Conservative party. 

Monpay, TUESDAY, AND WEDNESDAY were great field days 
for both political parties. On Monday, at Birmingham, Mr. 
Chamberlain attacked Lord Salisbury with considerable vigour, 
saying that, as to landowners’ expenditure for the improvement of 
their estates, on which the Premier had dilated at Brighton, there 
were hundreds of thousands of cases in which they actually borrowed 
moncy from the State at 3 and 3% per cent., and then charged their 
tenants 4 and § per cent. for the accommodation. 

SUPPORTING AT LYNN the candidature of Lord Henry Bentinck 
for North-West Norfolk, where he is to be opposed by Mr. Joseph 
Arch, Lord Randolph Churchill offered as a counter-bid to Mr. 
Chamberlain’s educational and agrarian proposals such a reduction 
of schoul fees that no agricultural labourer would have to pay more 
than one penny a week for the education of his children, the grant 
of new facilities for the transfer of land, and the permission to local 
authorities to purchase land for the objects promoted by Mr. 
Chamberlain, but in no case without these having been obtained by 
the direct sanction of the Legislature. 

ADDRESSING A LARGE CONSERVATIVE GATHERING in the Free 
Trade Hall, Manchester, in reply to the Liberal taunt that the 
Conservatives were truckling to the Irish Nationalists in governing 
Treland without a Coercion Act, Sir k. Cross invited a comparison 
between the amount of crime, boycotting included, which existed in 
Ireland at present with that in November, 1880, when it was 
asserted on the part of the late Government that there was no 
proved necessity for legislative interference. 

ON Tuespay Lorp Roserery spoke at a Liberal meeting in 
Sheffield, and his position in the Liberal party bestows importance 
on the statement which he then made that we must be prepared to 
face the question of State-aided emigration.—Supporting in a dis- 
cursive speech, at Henley-on-Thames, Colonel Harcourt’s candida- 
ture for South Oxfordshire, Lord Iddesleigh said that he had been 
found fault with for comparing Mr. Chamberlain’s policy to Jack 
Cade’s, but if it was not that it was the policy of Robin Hood, who 
took from the rich to give to the poor.—Addressing a Conservative 
meeting at York, the Chancellor of the Exchequer proclaimed his 
approval of Lord Salisbury’s suggestion that personal property should 
be made liable, if possible, to local rates, and his conviction that 
when the time came fora reduction of taxation, the first claim to 
relief to be considered was that of the payer of income-tax. 

Stk CHARLES DILKE addressed, in the Harrow Road, the 
electors added to the old borough of Chelsea, and, speaking for 
himself alone, said that he was an old Tory on the question of army 
organisation. Criticising the short service system in its relation to 
India and the colonies, he would revert to the maintenance of a 
separate army for India, and institute another for the colonies apart 
from our general military system. After recapitulating the achieve- 
ments of young soldiers who had not been much drilled, he expressed 
the opinion that it might be possible to rely very largely upon the 
yoluntezrs for swelling our army in time of war by giving special 
advantages to those of them enlisting in it 

ON Wepwnespay, Lord Hartington at Grimsby, and Mr. Stans- 
feld at Shoreditch, urged the necessity for reforming procedure in 
the House of Commons ; while Mr. Goschen at Hendon once more 
criticises Mr. Chamterlain’s agrarian proposals. Mr, Mundella, at 
Sheffield, gave in his adhesion to Free Education 5 and Sir Richard 
Cross, at Warrington, contrasted Conservative and Liberal policy, of 
course to the advantage of the former. 

Ar a BANQUET given him by the London Chamber of Commerce 
on Wednesday, Sir Charles Warren was welcomed home, and made 
along and interesting speech, Colonel Stanley, the Secretary of 
State for the Colonies, was present, and spoke with some cordiality 
of the value cf Sir Charles Warren’s services in South Africa. 

A MEETING, PRESIDED OVER BY THE Lorp Mayor, was held at 


the Mansion House on Tuesday to promote the objects of the | 


National Association for Supplying Female Medical Aid to the 
Women of India. Many persons of distinction, Anglo-Indian and 
others, were present, among the ladies being the Duchess of 
Mailborough, the Countess of Lytton, Lady Randolph Churchill, 
and Lord Byron's granddaughter, Lady Anne Blunt. The speakers 
included Sir Frederick Roberts, Sir Kichard Temple, Lord Napier 
of Magdala, Mr. Wilfrid Blunt, Mrs. Garrett-Anderson, and Lord 
Hobhouse, who described the condition of Indian society as such 
that, unless they provided women-doctors, a large portion of the 
women of India must go without doctors at all. 

DELIVERING THIS WEEK THE HARVEIAN ORATION, Dr. Quain 
opposed to the arguments of the Anti-Vaccinationists the statement, 
among others, that Ireland, said to be the best vaccinated country in 
the world, is at this moment practically free from small-pox. 

Tue Iris EXECUTIVE is being shamed into a display of 
something like energy in the repression of boycotting and the use of 
incendiary language. A prosceution has been instituted against one 
of the Nationalist candidates for Waterlord County jor a speech in 
which he recommended the extermination of landlords and land- 
grabbers. A boycotted family in County Limerick had to be 
escorted to Church and back by the police, and six of the ringleaders 
of their assailants have been sent by the local magistrates to gaol for 
a month’s hard labour. 

Tur Cork DEFENCE UNION is supplying to some extent those 
appliances of ordinary life of which boycotting in that district 
deprives its victims. ‘Two steam thrashing machines have been in 
operation in different’ parts of the county ‘doing work for the 
boycotted. Competent persons have been appointed to attend 
fairs and buy boycotted cattle, to be sent to England in the 
vessels of the Cork Steam Packet Company, which, as stated in 


THE GRAPHIC 


this column last week, have been boycotted hy a local association of 
cattle-dealers. Blacksmiths having been forbidden in many places 
by the Nationalists to shoe the horses of boycotted persons, the Cork 
Defence Union has decided on establishing a travelling forge, and 
sending it about with a staff of blacksmiths. 

Our Oniruary records the death, in her sixty-third year, of 
Katherine Anne, Viscountess Cranley; in his eighty-first year of 
Admiral R. F. Gambier, who, distinguishing himself at the Battle 
of Navarino as lieutenant of the Asza, was promoted to the rank of 
Commander, and became one of the founders in 1848 of the Royal 
Sailors’ Home at Portsmouth; in his sixty-seventh year, at Brighton, 
where he has been devoting much effort to the improvement of the 
Local Museur> of Dr. T. Thomas Davidson, F.R.S., well known 
by his work on ‘ British Fossil Brachiopoda,” which was published 
by the Palzontographical Society, and has been translated into 
German ; and on Friday, at Paris, in his eighty-third year, of Iield 
Marshal Lord Strathnairn, known before his elevation to the 
Peerage in 1860 as Colonel, and afterwards Sir Hugh Rose, the son 
of Sir George Rose, Clerk of Parliament. He enteredthe Army at 
seventeen, and he was thirty-seven when in 1840 he was sent by 
the Government to organise the Turkish defences in Syria, where 
Ibrahim Pasha, the son of Mehemet Ali, had overthrown the 
authority of the Sultan, distinguishing himself both by his personal 
prowess and his diplomatic skill. He was appointed by Lord Palmer- 
ston Consul-General in Syria, whence he was transferred to Constan- 
tinople as Secretary of Legation to Lord Stratford de Redcliffe. 
During the war in the Crimea he acted as Principal Commissioner 
at the head-quarters of the French, displaying his old gallantry in 
the field, and having two horses shot under him at Inkerman. Sir 
Hugh Kose, as he had now become, was sent to India in 1857, to 
aid in the repression of the great Mutiny, and in command of 
the Central Indian Field Force he achieved a number of military 
successes, the most important among them being the capture of 
Jhansi, Calpee, and Gwalior. For these services he was in 
1865 made Commander-in-Chief in India, and after returning to 
England Commander-in-Chief of the Forces in Ireland. Raised to 
the peerage as Lord Strathnairn of Jhansi, in 1877 he received the 
baton of Field-Marshal. 


THE Turr. Years ago the week between the Cesarewitch and 
the Cambridgeshire was welcomed by racing men asa kind of off- 
week and holiday; but times are changed, and the managers of 
gate money meetings have provided sport in all directions during the 
last few days, and gatherings have been held at Croydon, Four 
Oaks Park, Gosforth Park, and elsewhere. Hence those who 
follow racing as a profession, or who are absorbed in it as a pleasure 
and a medium for speculation, have been more or less compelled to 
put in an appearance somewhere or other, if only to watch market 
operations, and to hear the last news on next week’s big handicap— 
the Cambridgeshire. For this at the time of writing Lord Brad- 
ford’s Isobar rules first favourite, though St. Gatien, of whom the 
public had a sight last week at Newmarket, treads closely on his 
heels, and if all goes well will probably have the call at the start. 
Pizarro and Plaisanterie, the French winner of the Cesarewitch, 
are next in demand, and then Bendigo, Eastern Emperor, and 
the other French filly, Barberine, who won the October Handicap 
at headquartes. Bendigo’s decline in the market has been occasioned 
by a trial, in which it is said his stable companion, Runnymede, 
proved the better at the weights. Most good judges do riot believe 
that Plaisanterie can carry her Sst. 12lb, to victory. If she can, 
she will show herself equal to Paradox, who was handicapped at this 
weight ; but this is hard to realise, and makes the withdrawal of the 
latter from the race the more to be deplored. Eastern Emperor, 
who belongs to the Duke of Beaufort, is much fancied by many 
people, and some of his running this year points to his chance 
being an excellent one. Altogether the race seems to be a fairly 
open one; but probably the field will not reach the recent average 
number of starters, though quality will be better represented than in 
the Cesarewitch.—Last week no less than 27,000 “ tannergrams in 
were despatched from Newmarket, fifty-four clerks being employed. 

FoorsBaLt. ‘he weather lately has been such as we associate 
with this game, and, generally speaking, the falling has been made 
easy by the rain.—In Association games, Aston Villa got four goals 
to nothing against Walsall Town, but the crowd broke in over the 
ground a few minutes before “time » was called, and the Walsall 
men also entered a protest against one of their opponents’ team as 
disqualified.—A fast and finely-contested game between Brentwood 
and the Old Foresters resulted in a drawn game on the ground of 
the former ; Burnley has beaten the Wolverhampton Wanderers ; 
Stanley the Rangers, at Putney; Great Lever, Church ; Preston 
North End, Notts County; and Queen’s Park, Dumbarton.—In the 
games already played in the first round of the London Association 
Cup, the Pilgrims have beaten the Vikings ; Clapton, Connaught ; 
the United London Scottish the Old Brightonians ; and Hendon, 
St. Andrew’s. For the Football Association Cup Sheffield Healey 
has beaten Elkington Works ; and Bolton Wanderers the Blackburn 
Olympic.—In Rugby games Blackheath has been victorious over 
the Middlesex Wanderers ; the London Scottish over the Mazl- 
borough Nomads ; Liverpool over Manchester (a sort of set-off 
against the Manchester Canal business) ; Old Leysians over 
Croydon ; Clapham Rovers over West Kent ; Old Merchant Taylors 
over St. Bartholomew's Hospital ; and Dulwich College over Guy’s 
Hospital—The Blackburn Olympic (Association) has been :sus- 

ended fora week by the Lancashire Association for importing a 


suspended player. : 

Aguatics.——The opening of term at the Universities has 
livened up matters on the classic Cam and Isis. At Cambridge 
practice has begun for the Coxwainless Fours, and for the Col- 
quhoun Sculls ; and before long the Trial Eights’ business will be 
taken in hand.—At Oxford, also, two or three of the Fours have 
been out. 

BILLIARDS..——The most interesting public match of last week 
was that between Roberts the Champion, and J. North at the 
Billiard Hall, Argyll Street. North hada start of 3,000 in 10,000 
up, and played an exceedingly good game: but the Champion was 
too much for him, and eventually won by 67 points. During the 
match he made no fewer than 21 breaks of over 100 each, four of 
which ran to over 200 each. He promises to keep as far ahead of 
his brother professionals this season as last. 

SWIMMING. On the Friday evening of the present week, the 
Topping Prize of too/, and Mile Championship Sweepstakes of 
1oo/, will be contested at the Lambeth Baths between Collier, 
Finney, Jones, and W. Beckwith, at 8 P.M. Great interest is felt 
in the event in natatory circles. 

Sportists in search of a new excitement may probably find it in 
“Haddock Cutting,” if we may judge from the following adver- 
tisement in the pages of a contemporary :-—“‘J. Gudge, of White- 
cross Street, challenges any man in the East End of London to 
sound a quarter machine of haddocks, from 12. up to 52. Man 
and money ready at the Leigh Hoy, Hanbury Street, Spitalfields, 
from eight o’clock till ten o’clock this (Saturday) night.” 


THE WINTER EXHIBITION OF THE INSTITUTE OF PAINTERS IN 
Om PAINTINGS opens on November 30. 


A Fine Rusens is said to have been discovered at Alost, Bel- 
gium. It represents Christ blessing the world, and is signed, and 
dated 1614. The picture was bought at an auction for one franc, 
and its value was discovered after cleaning. 


THE ANTWERP EXHIBITION has proved a monetary success, and 
will probably close with a profit of some 40,0007, The huge 
triumphal arch at the entrance will be preserved as a memorial of 
the exhibition, the plaster figures being replaced by bronze statues. 


British Customs have been largely introduced into the German 
Fatherland of late, and hitherto met with much approval until the 
latest importation—breach of promise suits. Such actions have 
been quite unknown in Germany, and greatly disgust the Teutons, 


THe Historic Mustc Loan CotiEcrion at the Inventories 
will be closed on the 31st inst., 10 days before the Exhibition itself. 
A Congress of the Chambers of Commerce of the British Empire 
will be held next year in connection with the Indian and Colonial 
Exhibition, and the Colonial Chambers have entered very heartily 
into the scheme. 


Tue Risinc 1x Eastern Roumetta has considerably affected 
a well-known article of commerce—the oil of roses, for which the 
province is famous, Over 140 Roumelian villages are devoted to 
the manufacture, but political troubles have completely checked the 
industry this season, although there is a capital crop of leaves, besides 
interfering with preparations for next year’s rose-harvest. 


THE QUEEN’s JUBILEE next year will be commemorated in 
Wales by the re-erection of a huge pyramidal memorial on Moel 
Fammau, one of the highest Denbigh mountains, Originally this 
memorial was raised by public subscription in 1809, in honour of 
the jubilee of George III.’s reign, but it was blown down by a 
terrific gale a few years ago. Now the funds are again to be subscribed 
by the Welsh people. 

THe Usuan CHRYSANTHEMUM SHOW IN THE TEMPLE GARDENS 
opened on Monday, but this year the Middle Temple takes no part 
in the display, which is confined to the Inner Temple, entered from 
the Embankment. The show, however, is very good, consisting of 
some 500 plants, with thirty-four new varieties, and the rest old 
favourites. The Japanese specimens are largely represented, and 
it is particularly noticeable that the modern deep ved hues fast super- 
sede the yellows and pinkish whites formerly so much in favour. 

Tue New FrReNcH CHAMBER will now cost the country nearly 
three millions sterling yearly, owing to the number of deputies 
having been increased from 557 to 584. The President of the 
Chamber receives 3,000/, a year, and the salaries of the deputies 
alone amount to 200,000/,, the remainder of the sum being required 
for subordinate official salaries, printing, warming and lighting, 
repairs, &c. Besides their stipends, the deputies get various 
other official ‘‘ pickings,” such as gratuities for serving on commis- 
sions of inquiry and free railway passes. 

Tue Late CANADIAN REBELLION will not be without its 
advantages, according to the latest accounts from the North-Western 
province. The Indians are settling down to work steadily enough, 
and the cultivation of the lands in the Reserves goes on well. In 
future the Indians will be kept strictly to their own districts, and not 
allowed to roam about the country indiscriminately, while as a safe- 
guard against further risings it is proposed to form a military colony 
in the province. A body of settlers would be equipped and armed 
by the Government, and presented with a certain quantity of land as 
pay on condition that in an emergency they would be ready for 
active service like the militia, Beyond the first outlay the force 
would cost the Government nothing. Probably a colony of 600 
may be formed near the Touchwood Hills as an experiment. 

-THE PRACTICABILITY OF THE Hupson’s Bay ROUTE FoR 
SuMMER COMMERCE is pretty favourably reported on by the Inves- 
tigating Commission, who have just returned to St. John’s, New- 
foundland, after fifteen months’ observations. They state that the 
straits and bay are navigable from July to October, but that the 
vessels must be very strongly equipped, and—as the ice movements 
vary—must keep in open water as much as possible. ‘The district is 
immensely rich in fish, furs, and minerals, and being at present com- 
pletely unworked, would prove of great commercial value. Still, 
Canadiansthemselves seem dubious respecting the scheme, although a 
party of engineers have started out from Winnipeg to survey the pro- 
posedline thence to Hudson's Bay. The 4/rt herself, though jammed 
in the ice at her first effort, and obliged to return for repairs, accom- 
plished her second trip easily, being away two months and a half. 
Whilst wintering at Port Nelson (York Factory) the observers found 
that the average winter temperature was much higher than expected, 
indeed not so low as in the Canadian North-West. 

Tue VEXED QUESTION, Do FISHES SLEEP ? has been answered 
by some recent experiments at the Aquarium in the Inventions 
Exhibition. Mr. W. A. Carter has been watching the fish closely, 
night and day, and decides that sleep is common to certain fish, 
and that all rest at intervals, though not necessarily at night. The 
state of the atmosphere greatly influences their sleep, fish being 
more active in cold than hot weather. Again while some sleep 
suspended in the water, the majority retire into some rocky crevice 
and turn on their sides as if dead, Amongst fresh-water fishes the 
roach, dace, gudgeon, carp, tench, minnow, and cat-fish sleep 
periodically like land-animals, as do also the wrasse, conger eel, 
dory, dog-fish, bull-heads, and all flat-fish among the sea-water 
species. Gold-fish, bass, mullet, pike, and the salmonids family never 
sleep but rest at times, though such voracious creatures as pike and 
the angler fish are always on the watch for prey even when resting. 
Many small fish are captured by their bigger brethren when asleep, 
and in return take their opportunity of seizing their prey when 
napping, not being strong enough to catch them awake. 

LoNboN Mortatiry slightly increased last week, and 1,346 
deaths were registered, against 1,309 the previous seven days, a rise of 
37, being 182 below the average, and at the rate of 17°2 per 1,000, 
There were 28 deaths from measles (an increase of 11), 22 from scarlet 
fever (a rise of 1), 23 from diphtheria (an increase of 8), 29 from 
whooping-cough (a fall of 5), 10 from enteric fever (a decline of 2), 
27 from diarrhoea and dysentery (a decrease of 8), and not one from 
small-pox, typhus, or an ill-defined form of continued fever. Deaths 
referred to diseases of the respiratory organs numbcred 3ot (a rise of 
70, and exceeding the average by 22). Different forms of violence 
caused 44 deaths, 37 were the result of negligence or accident, 
among which were 14 from fractures and contusions, 5 from burns 
and scalds, 2 from drowning, 5 from poison (including 1 of a 
painter and 1 of a female labourer at lead works), and 6 of infants 
under one year of age from suffocation, Six cases of suicide were 
registered. There were 2,582 births, against 2,491 the previous 
week, being 93 below the average. The mean temperature of the 
air was 45°4 deg., and 6°0 deg. below the average. Rain fell on 
five days of the week to the aggregate amount of 0°44 of an 
inch. The duration of registered bright sunshine in the week was 
13°9 hours, against 18°1 hours at Glynde Place, Lewes. 


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Tue crisis in Eastern Evrore is still in an acute stage. The 
Powers have severely admonished Bulgaria, and have expressed 
their approval of the attitude of the Porte, while every effort is being 
made to restrain the hostile tendencies of Servia and Greece. Prince 
Bismarck is doing his best to maintain peace and to reconcile such 
differences between Austria and Russia as might imperil the adoption 
of a joint policy, and apparently with success, for the semi-ofticial 
fremdentlatt has published an article praising the attitude of 
Russia, and stating that ‘‘the volcanic eruption in the Balkans 
has thrown up a touchstone on which the relations between the two 
States have been thoroughly tested, and found genuine.” Indeed, 
as far as the Powers are concerned, there is a manifest determina- 
tion if possible to have the question settled without bloodshed, and 
an official note in the Worth German Gazette declares that the ‘“un- 
justifiable ambition of individual races in the Balkan Peninsula 
cannot be permitted to imperil at will the peace of the Great Powers 
by quarrelling with each other or with Turkey. The peace of 
the Great Powers hasan interest for all their subjects, numbering 
300 millions, while Greece, Servia, and Bulgaria, with Eastern 
Roumelia, possess at the utmost six million subjects.” 


Whether, however, peace will be maintained despite all the 
efforts of the Powers is another thing. As usual, it is proposed to 
hold a Conference on the whole question, but meanwhile Servia is 
fully prepared and eager to invade Bulgaria, while Greece is 
growing more and more enthusiastic daily. In five days 20,000 
men have been enrolled, and it is stated that never since the revolu- 
uion of 1821 has Greece been so aroused. ‘The Cabinet has replied 
to the remonstrances of the Powers by a Note asserting that ‘‘a 
union between Bulgaria and Eastern Roumelia would utterly 
destroy the equilibrium in the Balkans, and expose the Greek 
element in Eastern Roumelia to annihilation, Thus while Greece 
sincerely desires peace, it would be unjust to require that she should 
submit to arrangements which would jeopardise her interests.” As 
for Bulgaria itself, Prince Alexander has expressed his willingness to 
submit to the wish of the Powers, and to withdraw his forces from the 
Roumelian frontier, but the Porte has now asked the Powers to order 
him to withdraw his troops completely from Eastern Roumelia—a 
request which at present is hardly likely to be fulfilled. The tension 
between Bulgaria and Servia is strained to the utmost, and King 
Milan has curtly refused to receive an envoy which Prince Alexander 
had proposed to send to Nisch. The original intention of King 
Milan was to occupy a portion of Bulgaria until Eastern Roumelia 
had been evacuated, and Servia had been awarded adequate compen- 
sation. The resolute attitude of the Powers, however, has caused him 
to hesitate, while it is significant that Prince Karageorgeovitch, the 
pretender to the Servian throne and a favoured Russian protdgy, 
should have gone to Montenegro, and that conjointly with this 
Prince Nicholas has stationed a cordon of troops on the Servian 
frontier—upon the pretext of arresting deserters. In TURKEY itself 
war preparations are still being actively carried on, and there are 
now 100,0co0 men under arms on the Roumelian and Servian frontiers. 


In FRANCE the supplementary elections have resulted, as was 
foreseen, in the return of Republicans throughout the country—the 
Reactionaries only carrying 27 out of 268 seats. In almost every 
district the Opportunists and Radicals joined hands and adopted 
the same list—the latter as a rule getting far the best of the bargain. 
This was particularly the case in Paris, where the Moderates had to 
accord their support toan ex-Communist and one of the leaders in the 
recent strikes in Northern France. The composition of the nzw Cham- 
ber is estimated as follows :—Reactionaries (Monarchists and Bona- 
partists), 205 (against 95 in the last Chamber’; Opportunists, 240; and 
Radicals, 150. One of the chief incidents of Sunday’s elections is 
the defeat of the Duc de Broglie, which is a great misfortune for the 
Conservatives, Two Ministers, MM. Pierre Legrand and Hervé- 
Magnon, have also lost their seats, and have resigned. Now that 
the elections are over, there is much speculation with regard to the 
formation of the next Cabinet, in which the Radicals will insist on 
being yet more fully represented. The Opportunists are girding 
bitterly at the forced alliance with the Radicals—a pact which M. 
Jules Simon has characteristically stigmatised as ‘‘ monstrous,” and 
it is not likely that peace will be maintained for very long, especially 
as the Radical programme of an elective magistracy, the separa- 
tion of Church and State, the expulsion of the Orleanist Princes, 
and the abolition of the Presidency of the Republic is almost as 
abhorrent to the Moderates as to the Royalists. Indeed, in some 
circles it is considered that an alliance between the Reactionaries and 
the Opportunists, so as to crush the Radical schemes, is far from 
improbable. Anything would be better than a Session of triangular 
duels, and the consequent continual overthrow and reconstruction of 
Cabinets, which would simply lead to a repetition of those political 
crises that have already wrought such dire mischiefin France, Itis 
thought that on the meeting of the Chambe: M Briss.n may possibly 
resign the Premiership and resume his old post of President of the 
House; while M. Floquet, with M. de Freycinet, will form a 
Cabinet. Then there is the election of the President pending. 
M. Grévy has finally decided to stand again, and will be assuredly 
re-elected ; but he is seventy-eight years of age, and there is a 
rumour that he would resign ere long and recommend M. de 
Freycinet as his successor. Meanwhile the new Chamber will meet 
on the roth prox. 


In Paris much satisfaction has been expressed at the appoint- 
ment of M. Jules Clarétie as Director of the Théadtre Francais in 
the place of the late M. Perrin. There has been a new and 
successful comedy produced at the Gymnase—La Doctoresse, by 
MM. Paul Ferrier and Ilenry Bocage—an amusing satire on lady 
medicos and their husbands. Another comedy, Les Moves d’aun 
Aeserviste, has been brought out at the Palais Royal with much 
success. 


Sir Henry Wolff's Mission to TurKgy with regard to a defini- 
tive settlement of the Egyptian question seems to have been thus 
far successful, and a convention has been concluded. This declares 
that a Turkish Commissioner, Sir Henry Wolff, and the Kheédive 
will consult together as to the means to be employed for the 
pacification of the Soudan, and the re-organisation of the Egyptian 
Army, and of the civil and financial administration. The British 
occupation is only to continue until everything has been arranged 
and is in good working order. On Tuesday Sir Henry Wolff dined 
with the Sultan, and had a subsequent three hours’ conversation 
with him. Irom Ecyrpr itself there is no fresh news, save that 
more detailed reports have now been received of the battle between 
Ras Aloula and Osman Digma, which appears to have been in 
bee! way decisive, There is now no doubt of Osman Digma’s 
death, 


The Indian Government have despatched an ultimatum to 
Burma demanding that the Envoy from the Chief Commissioner 
of British Burma shall be received with all honour, and that the 
proceedings against the Bombay and Burma Company shall be 
suspended until the Envoy shall have investigated the matter in 
dispute between the Company and the King’s Government. If 
these points are not conceded hostilities will be at once begun. It is 


THE GRAPHIC 


also stipulated that a British Resident with a suitable guard shall 
resideat Mandalay. The ultimatum has been despatched up the Irra- 
waddy by special steamer, which will remain at Mandalay for the 
answer until November 5th with the fires banked. Preparations 
are being made for eventual hostilities, and the Indian authorities are 
designating the regiments to take part in the expeditionary force. At 
present there are 4,500 British and Native troops in British Burma, 
under the command of Major-General Buck, The invading army, 
however, will be commanded by General Prendergast. At 
Mandalay also King Theebaw is making preparations for eventuali- 
ties. Ife recently held a meeting of his Generals, stated that_he 
would lead the Army in person, and asked if they were afraid to 
fight the English. ‘The Generals at once expressed great confi- 
dence in the result of the war, but are said to have given vent 
to- different opinions when away from the Royal presence. 
The Burmese war steamers are being prepared, war material is 
being issued from the Arsenal, troops and supplies are being 
sent to the frontier, and the river forts have been placed in a state 
of de’ence. It is said also that arrangements are being made by 
the Burmese authorities with a strong force of Dacoits to raise an 
insurrection in British Burma. On the other hand, there is a 
serious revolt of the Shans against King Thebaw, the Mengwoon 
Prince has gone to Upper Burma, while information has been 
received from Upper Burma to the effect that large districts would 
pronounce for British rule if a proclamation were issued upon the 
outbreak of hostilities announcing that all Burmese assisting the 
British would be protected and rewarded. 


Of Misce.LANEous ITEMS we hear from SPAIN that the cholera 
is gradually decreasing. On Tuesday there were 81 cases and 48 
deaths.—In Sicriy also the epidemic is diminishing, the cases on 
Tuesday being 56, with 30 deaths. There was a shock of earth- 
quake last week at Palermo, and a house was thrown down, 
causing eight deaths.—In GERMANY, at the request of the Council 
of Regency, the Diet of Brunswick has elected as Regent Prince 
Albert of Prussia, the Emperor’s nephew.—In Spatn the King is still 
in weak health, though somewhat better. The dispute with GERMANY 
regarding the ownership of the Caroline Islands remains as before, 
but the German Note, which has now been published, declines to 
consider the Spanish historical claims, and rests thequestion of owner- 
ship on the priority of occupation in August last. —In AUSTRIA the 
question of the expulsion of Austrian subjects from Prussia has been 
brought before the Lower House of the Reichsrath. Count Taaffe, 
however, stated that, in answer to his request for an explanation, 
the Prussian Government had declared that ‘ the expulsion was 
regarded as a purely internal measure, necessitated by the changes 
as regards the language and religious persuasion of the people.” 
Prince William of Hohenzollern, the heir to the throne of Roumania, 
is seriously ill at Pesth.—In the UNITED STATES there are symp- 
toms of a definitive revival of trade, and Monday’s business on the 
Stock Exchange was the largest transacted for some time.—A 
British steamer, the Greyhound, has been attacked and plundered 
in China waters by pirates. The captain was killed.—In SouTH 
AFRICA a deputation of Stellaland burghers, headed by Captain 
Ingram, late of Methuen’s Horse, has started for Khassa’s country, 
professedly to offer assistance against the Matabeles. 


THE Queen continues her excursions round Balmoral with the 
various members of the Royal Family. Her Majesty has driven to 
Glen Cluny through Braemar, to Alt-na-Guithasach, and spent 
Monday at the Glassalt Shiel. On the previous day the Queen, with 
Prince and Princess Henry of Battenberg, had attended Divine Service 
in Crathie Church, where the Rev. A. Campbell officiated. As 
Minister in attendance Sir M. Hicks-Beach has frequently dined 
with the Queen, while the Earl of Kintore and Sir Howard Elphin- 
stone have been the only other guests.—Special apartments for 
Prince and Princess Henry of Battenberg have been prepared at 
Windsor Castle—a suite in the south turret, between the York and 
Victoria Towers, close to the Queen’s own rooms. 

The Prince and Princess of Wales have been in France this week 
to attend Prince Waldemar’s wedding. Before leaving Vienna the 
Prince was entertained at dinner by the Austrian Emperor at Schén- 
brunn, and dined with the Vienna Jockey Club, besides strolling 
about the city and visiting Professor Angeli’s studio. Reaching Paris 
on Saturday night he went immediately to the sozrce given by the 
Duc and Duchesse dela Trémouille on their daughter’s marriage ; 
while next day he called on President Grévy, and lunched at the 
British Embassy. On Monday evening he was present at the Duc 
de Chartres’ soz7e, to celebrate the signing of the marriage contract 
between Prince Waldemar and Princess Marie of Orleans. The 
Grand Duke Alexis of Russia, Princess Philip of Saxe-Coburg, and 
most of the Orleans family, together with the Diplomatic Corps 
were present, and with the Prince of Wales also attended the civil 
marriage on Tuesdaymorning, This was performed in due Republican 
fashion at the Rue d’Anjou Mairie, by the mayor of the arrondisse- 
ment, the Royal banns having been published as between ‘“‘M., 
Waldemar, Prince of Denmark, at Copenhagen, and Malle. Marie 
d’Orleans, of 27, Kue Jean Goujon, Paris.” Afterwards, the whole 
wedding party left for the Comte and Comtesse de Paris’ seat, at 
Eu, near Dieppe, where the Queen and Crown Prince and Princess 
of Denmark and the Princess of Wales with her daughters and 
l’rince George joined them on Wednesday. The Princess of Wales 
and the Danish Royal Iamily had left Fredensborg on Sunday in the 
Royal yacht Dazzebrog for Liibeck, travelling thence to Cologne, 
where they inspected the Cathedral and the new portion of the town 
before leaving for France on Monday night. Owing to the some- 
what delicate position occupied by the Orleans Family in France, 
neither the Czarina nor the Kings of Denmark and the Belgians 
attended the Royal wedding as originally proposed, and, as the 
chapel at Eu is very small, the marriage party was limited. There 
was a grand gala dinner at Eu on Wednesday, and next morning the 
religious rite was to be performed by the Archbishop of Rouen, the 
bride being supported by her two great uncles, the Duc d’Aumale and 
Prince de Joinville, and the bridegroom by the Danish Minister at 
Paris, Count Moltke and the Duc Decazes. At the close of the 


wedding festivities the Prince and Princess of Wales were expected 


to leave immediately on their return home. 

The Duchess of Edinburgh kept her thirty-second birthday on 
Saturday, at Kastwell, the usual honours of bells and salutes being 
also paid in London and Windsor.—Vrincess Christian was expected 
home yesterday (Friday).—The Grand Duke and Duchess of 
Mecklenburg-Strelitz, with the Hereditary Grand Duke and Duchess 
and their little son, have come over on a visit to the Duchess 
of Cambridge, ‘ ; 


— 


No More GoverNMENYT Rewakbs for killing rabbits will be paid 
in South Australia. It has been ascertained that many of those 
engaged in rabbit-extermination were actually re-stocking new 
country with the creatures to prevent their employment coming toan 
end. So for the future lessees and owners of land will have to take 
up the matter. 


Pee ONG OEE 
, : S Ke = 
; CHURGREW 


Y Ak % 


BEGINNING ON TukrSpDAY AT CANTERBURY his first Visataitor 
of the clergy of his Diocese, the Primate delivered, after meeriing 
service, a pastoral address to the Dean and Chapter, in the cour 
of which he remarked that, if Churchmen would but study che fit 
of the Church, there would be much less felt or heard of fj ce. 
against her or of fears for her.—In the afternoon the Primaic an- 
veiled, in the presence of a distinguished assembly, the alta. 
taph erected in Canterbury Cathedral to the memory of 
Archbishop Tait, on whom he pronounced an affectionate eu! 
saying of him that he had striven, as the inscription on the ce! } 
recorded, to make the Church of England the Church of the peo pic, 
to make it the poor man’s Church. 

In a VeRY SpiRITED LeTrer, the Bishop of Oxford enters his 

rotest against the scheme for the nationalisation of the Church pro- 
pounded by the Rev. Mr. Hopps, the Nonconformist mints! .: 
Leicester, and referred to in our columns last week. The Is: 
ready to face Disestablishment, but what may remain, ‘he 
millions or 614, is our own,” he says, and he declines to fh: 
over to “little coteries of ratepayers.” ‘* The very footpal.” Dr. 
Mackarness remarks, ‘‘ when he has taken the traveller's purse, if 
he leaves him his coat, allows him to wear it in his own way.” 

AT THE SouTit WALES ANNUAL CONFERENCE of the Lihcia- 
tion Society, held at Aberdare on Tuesday, a resolutior. raves 
mending Welshmen to vote for candidates pledged to suppini the 


Disestablishment of the Church in Wales as early as posaible was 
altered so as to raise the question of immediate Lisestablishnis st in 
the new Parliament, and was then carried unanimously, 
Av THE QUARTERLY MEETING on Tuesday of the 
Baptist Association Mr. Spurgeon ridiculed the prevalent belef in 
State Socialism and what he called the fancy of trusting to the 


aa 


Foaondon 


Government to do everything for the individual citizen, ren:: 
incidentally that, of course, the Government had to give us re 
and everybody knew how they had done it. 


| Musio i 
 Musio f 
Yy N 


barra 


val 
See HLS EE 
BSS SWI KR DIS EERE 


BRISTOL TRIENNIAL FestivAL.—The fifth of these Ie. 
which were founded in 1873, was held from Tuesday to Fr: 
the present week. As the scheme is confined to works the: 
familiar in the metropolis, a brief survey of the programme 
necessary. The solo vocalists engaged are the best obtai: le in 
their several departments. The list includes Madame Albani and 
Miss Anna Williams, sopranos; Mesdames Patey and Treti:ih, 
contraltos; Messrs. Lloyd, Maas, and Piercy, tenors; Ste«s¢s 
Santley, Hilton, and Worlock, basses. There 1s a choir of tex 
400, under Mr. D. W. Rootham; and Mr, Hallé’s Manchest. | 
under their accomplished conductor, supply the orchest:. 
committee, presided over by Mr. William Smith, have—pr ge by 
the criticisms passed, not without justice, at the last Festi very 
wisely allowed further time for rehearsals. Two practices w-re hein 
on Saturday under Mr. Hallé, and two more on Monday, Gn 
Tuesday the Festival began with Handel’s Belshascar, which ws 
revived during the past season by the Sacred Harmonic Socit:- ! 
the evening a miscellaneous programme included Brahms’ ‘7 run 
Lied,” Svendsen’s ‘‘ Norwegian Rhapsody in C,” and some =o, 
Wednesday morning was set apart for E/jah, with Mr. Sai’: 
the part of the Prophet and Miss Anna Williams, Madame 
and Mr. Maas in the other music. In the evening Dvorak’s secoud 
symphony, Mr. C. H. Lloyd's Hero and Leander, produced at last 
year’s Worcester Festival, the pageant march and chorus from 
Gounod’s Queen of Sheba, and other works were performed. On 
Thursday morning Berlioz’ Fast, the present popularity of which 
is due largely to Mr. Hallé, was given with Madame Albani, 
Messrs. Lloyd, Hilton, and Santley in the chief parts, while the 
evening was set apart for a miscellaneous programme, which 
included the ‘‘ Loreley Finale” and the C minor Symphony. On 
Friday morning the Festival was to conclude with the Jéss¢a/, with 
almost the whole strength of the company of artists. The financial 
prospects of the Festival are, we are glad to hear, fairly good, as the 
guarantee fund reached nearly 5,000/. 

CRYSTAL PALACE CONCERTS. The thirtieth annual season of 
the Saturday Concerts was inaugurated on Saturday last, when 
Mr. Prout’s Birmingham Symphony was performed for the first 
time under the conductorship of Mr. Manns. We fully noticed this 
highly acceptable work during the recent Birmingham Festival, and 
need therefore only now say how greatly it improves upon acquaint- 
ance, and as played by the unrivalled band of the Crystal Palace. 
The audience received it with warmth, and called the composer to 
the platform. Another distinct success was won by the deducante, 
a young Welsh pianist, Miss Fanny Davies, a pupil of 
Mr. Hallé and of Madame Schumann. This lady has many of the 
gifts which pertain to a player of the first order, Entirely free from 
sensationalism, she possesses an easy style, her touch is delicate, her 
command of the keyboard complete, and her mechanism of unerring 
exactness. Beethoven’s Concerto in G is a somewhat trying task 
for a débutante, and Miss Davies seems likely to be heard to even 
better advantage in works of a lighter and particularly of the 
romantic school, Mr. Lloyd sang the sceva from the last part of 
Mr. Cowen’s Birmingham cantata, Sleeping Beauly ; but Malle. 
Pauline Cramer, who ventured to sing Beethoven's ** Invocation to 
Hope,” was sorely out of voice. 

Nores AND News. Sir Arthur Sullivan, who is expected to 
arrive in London this week, has disclosed the important fact that he 
has undertaken to compose a new and original oratorio expressly for 
the Leeds Festival next year. The work is already begun, and it 
will occupy half a programme.—Mr. Herbert Reeves, son of the 
great tenor, is about to join the provincial troupe which is playing 
the opera bouffe, Fa/ka. As Mr. Herbert Reeves ts cast for the part 
of Arthur, he will have to wear women’s clothes. —There is said to 
be some likelihood that the Abbé Liszt will next April pay his first 
visit to England for forty-five years. He will, it is stated, come to 
hear the performance of his oratorio, Sé Llézabeth, and he will 
probably not play the piano in public. —The fiftieth anniversary of 
the production at Naples of Luca happened last month. M. Duprez, 
the original Edgardo, and now an octogenarian, isstill alive in Pans, — 
Mr. A. J. Hipkins has written a lecture on the keyboard instruments 
which preceded the piano, The lecture was read at the Inventions 
Exhibition on Wednesday.—Mr. Dannreuther, and not Sir George 
Grove, is the author of the life of Wagner, to be published in the 
forthcoming issue of the Déclionary of Afusic—Madame Marie 
Réze was compelled through overwork, combined with a chill, and 
blood poisoning from an escape of gas in her bedreon, to take a 
holiday from the Carl Rosa Company. She is now at Worthing, 


we oby 


Oct. 24, 1885 


put will rejoin the troupe at Leeds,—The Promenade Concerts will 
come to an end on the 2nd prox.; but a fresh season of four weeks 
will be immediately commenced under the é¢/oz of M. Riviere. —In 
reference to the American concert noticed last week, two United 
S:ates composers, Professor J. K. Paine of Harvard University, and 
Mr. G. W. Chadwick of Boston, have, we learn, produced ‘sym- 
phonies. —The season at Steinway Hall, London, was inaugurated 
on Thursday by a recital, with Herr Franz Rummel as pianist and 
as vocalist Frailein Lilli Lehmann, who last year made so great 
asuccess at Covent Garden as Isolde.—The programmes of M 
Rubinstein’s seven historical recitals to be given in London next 
May are now forthcoming. Among the most interesting are the 
first programme, which contains pieces for the virginal by Byrd and 
Bull, and the second, which comprises eight of the most popular 
of Beethoven’s sonatas. The recitals show the progress for three 
centuries of the music for the piano and its precursors.—The first 
concert of the new London Select Choir, under Mr, W. G. Cusins, 
will be given at St. James's Hall, November 24, with Gounod’s 
alesse Solennelle and Mendelssohn’s Lodyesang. : 


TH appearance of Mrs. Weldon in the character of Mrs. Weldon 
—for no spectator at the GrANnb Theatre, Islington, on Monday 
evening probably failed to identify the actress with the heroine whom 
she represented—has redeemed the week so far from the imputation 
of barrenness from the theatrical point of view. Grave deliberations 
had, we believe, been held in the secret recesses of the Lord Cham- 
berlain’s office regarding the propriety of licensing the play in which 
Mr, Lander, with some assistance in the way of passages of dialogue 
from the pen of the lady herself, had undertaken to set forth episodes 
in the career of Mrs. Weldon, under changed names and other 
diaphanous disguises, At first sight it would certainly appear that 
if ever there wasa casein which the licenser’s power of veto would 
be usefully exercised it would be one in which living people and 
their alleged acts are notoriously intended to be identified with 
certain nefarious personages and proceedings. But those who have 
witnessed the performance will hardly be disposed to blame the 
official toleration for a piece which proves to be simply compounded 
ofthe old and approved materials of suburban melodrama, including 
the customary supply of villains and of worthy folk, depicted with 
strict regard to the recognised canons of the suburban melodrama- 
list’s art. It is comforting to think that after all nobody’s reputa- 
tion is likely to suffer much from the dark and dreadful exhibition of 
scoundrelism which, though too unreal to excite indignation, provided 
ample occasion for merriment. To see Mrs. Weldon depriving a 
stalwart madhouse-keeper of conscicusness by tapping him gently on 
the head with what was meant for an iron bar, but looked like a lady’s 
sunshade neatly furled, was considered great fun; still greater was 
the pitched battle at the end of Act III. where, as the curtain descends, 
all the good people of the story are seen belabouring, with anything 
that comes handy, the mad-doctors and their assistants, together 
with the wicked husband. The dialogue, however, was the chief 
source of mirth. Refinement is not its characteristic as a rule, as 
may be inferred from the lady’s observation that her husband’s friends 
found excuses for him ‘‘ because he filled their overloaded stomachs 
with expensive prog.” We are bound, however, to admit that 
certain passages—the lady’s animated description of the difficulties 
inthe way of securing the services of distinguished counsel, for 
example—amused by their irony and clever satire. Mrs. Weldon, who 
has now attained to middle age, and isa trifle more portly than 
‘heroine beseems,” disdains not the extraneous arts which nowadays 
contribute so much to stage success. The quaintly sober attire worn 
by her in the earlier scenes and suggesting somewhat the quaint 
fashions of the Salvation ‘ lasses,” was exchanged in turm_for 
Lecoming costumes of brown silk and claret-coloured plush. Her 
acting, though showing inexperience—particularly in the absence of 
those jitUe details of action which the practised actress has at com- 
mand — possesses a certain quiet force. Of pathos she appears to have 
no command. Her countenance, however, is handsome and expres- 
sive, and her delivery is so good that it needs nothing but that know- 
ledge of the stage pitch which experience only can give to make it 
excellent. But what pleased her indulgent patrons more than all 
was her cultivated style of singing at the pianoforte her own 
“Cradle Song,” followed by her quondam friend Gounod’s ‘‘ Song 
of Ruth,” and the ballad of ‘Annie Laurie.” The reception of 
the lady was decidedly friendly ; that of Mr. Lander, the author, 
was of a mixed kind, 

A new three-act drama, entitled 2stranged, which has, if our 

memory serves us, already seen the light at a morning performance, 
was produced at the Gatery on Monday evening. It was not very 
avourably received ; nor had it merit enough to justify us in 
questioning the verdict of the spectators, At the Gaiety, however, 
burlesque is the great feature of the bill. As hunger is the best 
sauce, so the thin and starved humours of the comedy-drama may be 
said to serve a useful purpose in sharpening the appetite for jokes 
and gay display when the curtain rises at length upon Zhe Viear 
of Wideawakefield. 

Mr. Lytton Sothern appears on Thursday of the present week at 
the STRAND Theatre in his late father’s original character of Lord 
Dundreary in Our American Cousin. Mr, J. S. Clarke plays the 
part of Asa Trenchard. 

“LooLe’s Theatre returns about the end of next month into the 
hands of its popuiar proprietor, who has been away on a long round 
of provincial engagements. He reopens on December 7th. 

The death is announced of the pantomimist, Mr. Fred Evans, well 
known to all visitors to Drury Lane as clown at the Christmas 
holiday season. 

Sir Arthur Sullivan is expected to arrive in England this week 
from America. As no change in the SAVOY programme is likely to 
occur for an indefinite time, Sir Arthur has stated that he will 
probably not commerce the music of the next opera till after the 
new year. 

‘The new comic opera, by Mr. Herman, will be produced at the 
Overs CoMIQUE next month, when that house will open under the 
management of Mr. F. J. Harris and Miss Consuelo. Its title is 
dhe Fay o Bire, Mr, Frederick Leslie will be a member of the 
company. 


Mr. Ji. A. Jones and Mr. Wilson Barrett have in hand a new 


romantic drama, which Mr. Barrett will take to the United States 
next autumn. Mr. Jones, in conversation with a representative of 
the New Jork Herald, stated that the piece would be produced 
in London first, to secure the copyright, and Mr. Barrett would 
then sail with it at once. 

Mrs. Langtry has been playing throughout the present weck at 
the Theatre Royal, Nottingham ; whence she goes successively to the 
leading houses in Liverpool, Plymouth, Birmingham, Dublin, 
selfast, Glasgow, Edinburgh, and Newcastle-on-Tyne. At the 
latter house her present season of provincial engagements concludes 
on the rgth of December next. 

The new comic opera, Evizinie, is to be produced at the COMEDY 
Theatre on Lord Mayor’s Day. 

May Fair is the title of Mr, Pinero’s version of Sardou’s J/acsou 
Neuve, long in preparation at the Sr. Jamzs’s, It will be produced 


THE GRAPHIC 


on the re-opening of that theatre on Saturday evening next. Mr. 
Mare and Mr. and Mrs. Kendal will take part in the performance. 

‘The OLyMpic re-opens under the management of Mrs. Conover 
this evening, when Mr. Robert Buchanan and Miss Harriett Jay’s 
romantic drama, entitled Lost 7 London, will be performed for the 
first time on this side of the Atlantic. 

Mr. Jennings will take his seventeenth annual benefit at the 
Oxrorb on Wednesday next, the 28th inst., when various dramatic 
celebrities will contribute their quota to the entertainment. 


a Ca 
SECOND PART OF “THE GREVILLE 
MEMOIRS” * 


THE new instalment of the ‘‘Greville Memoirs” embraces the 
period of thirteen years between Her Majesty’s accession to the 
Throne in 1837 and the General Election which, in the autumn of 
1852, followed the formation, in the same year, of the first Derby 
Ministry. It being a period which lies nearer to us than that 
traversed in the previous volumes, Greville’s record of it gains in 
interest for the present generation what it loses in piquancy through 
the absence of such gossip as that about George IV. and 
his Court, and the eccentricities of his successor William IV., 
which gave the First Part a peculiar flavour so much relished 
by many readers. Besides, as the years roll on, the diarist’s 
relations to prominent political personages grow more intimate 
and confidential, and his journal becomes richer in contribu- 
tions to the secret history of his time. Greville’s penetration and 
honourable character were appreciated by statesmen and public men, 
who often took him into their confidence, knowing his desire to see 
the government of the country well and wisely administered. Some 
of the most interesting of the information thus acquired and pre- 
served by him in his journal throws new light on the alternate 
resistance and submission of Earl Russell, while still Lord 
John, to the ‘‘spirited” foreign policy of Lord Palmerston. 
For instance, until the publication of these new volumes, it can have 
been known but to a very few that only three or four weeks before 
his animated defence of and eulogium on Lord Palmerston when 
attacked in connection with the Pacifico affair, Lord John Russel! 
wished the Queen to ask for that very Lord Palmerston’s removal 
from the Foreign Office, a fact,of which Greville was informed at 
the time by the late Duke of Bedford, It was Greville who, when 
the Melbourne Ministry was tottering to its fall, received the com- 
mission from some high Whig personage, whose name he for once 
suppresses, to make overtures to the friends of Sir Robert Peel for a 
Coalition, Parliamentary, if not official, with the Moderate Whigs and 
Lord John Russell. ‘lhe latter was weary of the pressure put 
on him by his Ratlical allies, and reluctant to follow whither 
they wished to lead him, ata time when the late Baron Parke was 
predicting that in five years England would be a Republic. When the 
Melbourne Ministry did finally fall, and the Queen acceded to Sir 
Robert Peel’s wishes in the matter of the Ladies of her Household, it 
was Greville who, being characteristically asked by Lord Melbourne, 
“ Have you any means of speaking to these chaps?” and, replying in 
the.affirmative, was asked by his interlocutor, the ex-Premier, to 
give from him a few useful hints to his successor, regarding 
his demeanour towards his Royal Mistress. Peel received them 
gratefully, and, after his first interview with his Sovereign on taking 
office, he told Greville that he was ‘more than satisfied, he was 
charmed with her.” This is not the only instance recorded by 
Greville of a display of dovhomde bya ivtiting Minister to his 
successor, When virtually dismissed from office in 1852 for 
expressing approval of the Coup @’ tat, Lord Palmerston gave three 
hours of instruction and advice to his successor at the Foreign 
Office, Lord Granville, and even praised the ‘‘sagacity” of the 
Queen whose displeasure had necessitated his resignation. 

Greville was a Conservative-Liberal, whose great desire was for 
a strorg and effective Government, as little wedded to an obsolete 
Toryism as to what he considered to be a destructive Radicalism. 
After the fall of the feeble Russell Ministry of 1846-52, when Lord 
Palmerston took his revenge on Lord John Russell for extruding 
him from office, it is curious to see how confidently Greville predicts 
that if the Conservatives would give up Protection they would be 
joined by Lord Palmerston and the Peelites. Nor was the predic- 
tion at all unwarrantable. On the occasion of Mr, Disraeli’s 
motion in 1851, recommending legislation for the relief of owners 
and occupiers of land, which the Russell Ministry defeated by a 
majority of only seven votes, Sir James Graham, one of the most 
experienced of the Peelites, told Greville that Mr. Gladstone 
himself ‘‘had a great mind” to vote on that question with the 
Opposition. Of Mr. Disraeli (who asked him to review in the 
Times his “Life? of their ‘‘mutual friend,” Lord George 
Bentinck) Greville speaks with as great distrust as of Lord 
Palmerston, whom, after a visit to Broadlands, he describes as 
“full of a swaggering diplomacy.” Greville’s estimates of public 
or prominent men, it must be admitted, are sometimes inconsistent 
with each other. But his deliberately drawn characters of them, 
when they go over to the majority, are generally excellent. Among 
the most striking of these is the sketch of Sir Robert Peel, of 
whom Greville was by no means an enthusiastic admirer, frequently 
reproaching him with his over-caution, his coldness, and his want 
both of sympathy and of knowledge of human nature. But after 
his death Greville charitably ascribes what seemed questionable in 
Peel’s career to the false position in which he was placed during 
most of his public life, until at last, “if his party were disgusted 
with him, he was no less disgusted with them.” Another able and 
impartial character-sketch is that of the Duke of Wellington, to 
whom Greville’s brother was private secretary, with whom he was 
very intimate, and of whose political unselfishness and subordina- 
tion of party spirit and personal feeling to his sense of public duty 
he almost always speaks with admiring respect. But he admits that 
the hero was a “hard” man, On the other hand, the account 
which Greville gives of his devotion to the fair sex will surprise 
those who are accustomed to think of the victor of Waterloo as the 
‘Tron Duke.” 

In style and general characteristics the new volumes do not differ 
from those which preceded them. Always severe to others, Greville 
is, however, perhaps more severe to himself in the second than in the 
first part of the ‘ Memoirs.” He laments frequently the vacuity of his 
life and the deficiencies of his culture ; and, when he visits a national 
school, he contrasts, to the disadvantage of his own class, the imper- 
fect education which had been received by himself and his com- 
peers and coevals with that bestowed on the children of the 
poor. Eulogising the English aristocracy, Lord Beaconsfield 
speaks of ‘‘ the sustained splendour of their stately lives ; ” Greville, 
who saw as much of them as most people, dwells mainly on 
the inanity and frivolity of aristocratic existence; and, as 
regards “the Royal circle” itself—he was occasionally a dinner- 
guest at Windsor—he complains bitterly of its extreme dulness. 
Though a man of the world, he seems to have had a supreme scorn 
for pusillanimity, falsehood, and deceit in high places. Part II. 
strengthens the impression produced by Part I., that he was honour- 
able and truthful, and is to be trusted as a faithful reporter of what 


he saw and _ heard. i 


THE 


A third part is to be published, bringing his 
journal down to the close of 1860; but already ‘* The Greville 
Memoirs” are indispensable to the student of the Victorian era. 
Mr. Reeve has performed his editorial task with his usual ability ; 
though we think it would_have been better if he had omitted a 
questionable reference to Lord Melbourne's paternity. His notes 

* “The Greville Memoirs” (Second Part). A Journal of the Reign of Queen 
Victoria, from 1837 to 1852. By the late Charles C. F. Greville, Esq., Clerk of 
the Council. (3 vols. Longmans, Green, and Co.) 


455 


are as instructive as they are concise, and often embody new 
and interesting information, 


Tue SEAsoN.—After a rainy period which was adverse to 
threshing, but was otherwise not unseasonable or disadvantageous, we 
have since had weather with a keen air and a temperature six degrees 
below the average. The pastures have not, perhaps, so much on 
them now as usual, and winter feeding this year is beginning 
decidedly early. The turnips and other crops put in by diligent 
farmers immediately after harvest look healthy, but have grown but 
slowly. Inthe North a good many fields of oats, which farmers 
knew would never ripen, have been cut green; and we fear that 
some barley,and even wheat, has shared the same fate. The potato 
harvest is proving better than was at first anticipated, and wheat 
sowing has been commenced in gcod time, though present prices are 
most discouraging to growers of cereal crops. 

TRAIN SuUppLiES are large, as they always are in the quarter 
following the new harvest. Barley deliveries have now become 
very heavy ; 137,000 qrs. at 187 markets in a single week. The 
price of barley has given way under this exceptional strain, and is 
now about 2s, lower than the currencies quoted at the beginning 
of the month. The inquiry for wheat, however, has been suthcient 
to keep up prices, and most foreign sorts are very firmly held. The 
demand for flour is improving; on Monday, at Mark Lane, nearly 
40,000 freshly arrived sacks, English and foreign, were on offer 
without the general firm tone being atlected. Forty thousand sacks 
per week is no wonderful abundance, but it is quite sufficient to 
depress the market in a really dull time. The American maize 
harvest is now stated to be the largest ever grown, and may even 
equal two milliards of bushels. 

Recent SHOWS. The principal Show in the provinces has 
been the Birmingham display of shorthorns, The sale, which 
followed the Show, gave fair returns, and the depression in short- 
horn prices seems to be lightening somewhat, The sale of shorthorns 
at Ballywalter, in Ireland, did not, however, give any hig prices, in 
fact, eighty-five guineas was the best recorded. A small but 
excellent Dairy Show at Dublin has gone off well. The shorthorn, 
Ayrshire, and Channel Island cattle must be held to have consider- 
ably eclipsed the native Kerries. 

Mt.Kk.——Despite the half-hearted conduct of the recent gathering 
at Islington when the subject of ‘* butterine” came on for discus- 
sion, the Dairy Conference must be held to have done some substan- 
tial good. In the first place it has called attention to the absolute 
need for a legal standard of purity for milk. The ordinary analyst 
fixes 11% per cent. of solids as the minimum which pure milk 
should contain, but 1244 per cent. is the minimum of some of the 
big new companies, and the whole question requires legislative 
settling, seeing how closely the laws against adulteration are 
involved inthe matter. Another good work done by the Conference 
was emphasising the value of separated milk. This is pure and 
sweet milk separated from its cream by a centrifugal machine imme- 
diately after being drawn from the cow. Its value as a food for 
children is asserted to exceed that of the unseparated milk, and it 
can be sold at a profit for 2%¢. where the regular milk costs 5c. 
Of the sixty per cent. of the cost of the milk which goes to the 
agent, and not to the producer, Canon Bagot appears to think that 
thirty per cent. is the dond_fide intrinsic and inevitable cost of distri- 
bution from the shop to the houses of householders. 

Mr. James Howarp is one of the most energetic of agricultural 
Members. Last week he was writing to the 7imes urging more 
vigorous measures of protection for grazing farmers on the Privy 
Council. ‘this week he has been attending a political meeting 
urging a vigorous maintenance of Free Trade in the interest of 
cereal farmers, whose wheat is down to 30s. through foreign compe- 
tition. That English agriculture is at the verge of ruin is readily 
conceded by the cheerful Member for Bedford, but he would revive 
it by lowering rents, abolishing all restrictions on cropping or sale of 
produce, giving an indefeasible title to improvements of every 
description, and also by giving fixity of tenure as in favour of the 
tenant, but not in favour of the landlord. The programme is 
interesting reading, but how does Mr. Howard get over the awkward 
fact that where all these ‘* disabilities ” are already removed, where 
men are already farming their own land, still no agricultural profits 
can be made at present prices, with the present taxes and assess- 
ments, and with present foreign competition ? 

Ma. SHAW-LEFEVRE knows as well as most men how the 
wind blows, and it is noticeable that at Reading on Saturday 
he advocated the ost extended policy cf rural decentralisation, 
He would give to every country parish, “2. to a majority 
of the ratepayers, the power to buy any private land in the 
parish, with or without the owner’s consent, and to give, lease, or 
let it in allotments to the resident peasantry. Free education and 
the suppression of public-houses were two other matters which he 
would leave to the parish. Concerning this remarkable sct of 
opinions, we shall do well to remember the rebuke given in a new 
book, dedicated by permission to Mr. Joseph Chamberlain: ‘If 
any one says these things are Communism, we answer they are 
not” —a reply which might have silenced Aristotle. 

Mr. TREVELYAN, on Saturday, assured a rural gathering in 
Somerset that the County Member ef the future would not be ‘‘a 
man who went occasionally to a ploughing match or a flower show, 
but one wko would make speeches in twenty or thirty or forty 
villages!” And lord Macaulay’s nephew sat down, doubtless with 
the feeling that he had settled the question of the past against the 
future once and for all. But what does sleepy Somerset really think 
of the prospect ? 

NaruraL History NotTes.—So late as October 15th we 
observed a couple of house martins flying round some of the old 
houses in Cheyne Walk, Chelsea,—On the 17th inst. a great fish 
was caught in the fishermen’s nets off Folkestone. On being 
brought to shore it was identified as a true shark, and, as it was 
fully seven feet long, with a most formidable mouth, its advent a 
little earlier in the year might have had some effect upon the bathing 


season at this fashionable watering-place. 
—<$———<——_—_—— 


LEGAL 

Tue LorD CIANCELLOR’s usual reception of the Judges and 
other legal functionaries, previous to the re-opening of the Courts of 
Law after the Long Vacation, takes place on Monday at noon. 

TRUE BILLS HAVE BEEN Founb by the Grand Jury against 
the five defendants in the Armstrong case. The Attorney-General 
will conduct the prosecution. All the defendants, except Mr. 
Stead, are to be represented by counsel. Mr, Charles Russell, 
M.P., is one of the counsel for Rebecca Jarrett. 

At THE GUILDHALL Potice Court imprisonment for fourteen 
days with hard labour was, instead of a fine, the punishment 
adjudged to a journeyman packing-case maker, one of several on 
strike, for threatening, with the object of intimidating, a new hand 
who had entered the service of his former emplo The threats 
had been followed by assaults of the prisuner’s “:low-picketers on 
the complainant. 


—_ 


456 THE GRAPHIC Oct. 24, 1885 


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ia) 


MRS. SPENCER WALPOLE (WIFE OF THE LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR} PELL CASTLE AND THE TOWN ILLUMINATED 
FIRING THE FIRST GUN AT THE NEW BATTERY 


THE LAUNUH OF A NEW LIFEBOAT, AND OPENING OF THE NAVAL RESERVE BATTERY AT PEEL, 
ISLE OF MAN 


Oct. 24, 1885 THE GRAPHIC 


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THE UNVEILING AT DERBY OF A STATUE TO THE LATE MR M. T. BASS 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL JAMES FYNMORE 
From a Photograph taken recently at the age of 92 


FROM A WATER-COLOUR DRAWING BY LIEUTENANT-COLONEL JAMES FYNMORE, R.M.L.I., SOLE SURVIVING OFFICER CF THE BATTLE, 
ao IN WHICH HE TOOK PART AS A MIDSHIPMAN 


457 


458 


The Huguenots m England 


(Continued from pase 464) 


and though he left the service, and soon obtained distinction in 
another profession, was serving on board the ship that brought home 
French prisoners after the Battle of Waterloo. 

In 1687 twelve new churches were built for the refugees in the 
counties where they had settled, and two in London in addition to 
those already existing, and in 1718 it was computed that 13,500 
refugees settled in London, and 2,000 at the seaports where they 
landed. Of these there were 140 families of ‘‘ persons of quality,” 
143 ministers and their families, 144 famities of lawyers, physicians, 
merchants, and traders, the rest being artificers and agriculturists. 
It may easily be imagined, therefore, that the Huguenot element has 
largely entered into modern English society, and we may cease to 
wonder at the frequency with which French names or the moditica- 
tion of them appear in the list of persons who have filled more or 
less distinguished positions in almost every station of life in London 
and the large towns of England. Norwich, Southampton, Sand- 
wich, Coventry, Bristol, Plymouth, Exeter, Dover, Canterbury, 
and many other towns had their contingents of Huguenots busily 
employed in the industries which were suitable for each locality, 
and churches, the history of which is full of interest. In London 
itself the Huguenot churches and chapels were .very numerous, 
several of them having been built in Spitalfields and the neighbour- 
hood, which became the head-quarters of the silk weavers, one of 
the most considerable trades introduced by the French refugees. 
Most of the churches have either disappeared as the descendants of 
the I!uguenots became associated with the Church of. England or 
the N_ nconformist communities. Many of the buildings have been 
trans crred to Nonconformist denominations, but some of the more dis- 
tinguished either remain or have been superseded by modern 
buildings of which the French Protestant origin is recognised. One 
of the most interesting of those which has recently been demolished 
was the old French Church at Wandsworth, where a community of 
Huguenots had settled, a number of whom were employed in the 
manufacture of hats. This Church was situated in a court nearly 
opposite the parish church. Jt was originally built in 1573, 
enlarged in 1685, repaired in 1809, when it had become the property 
of the Evangelical Association, and again in 1831. It had become 
famous because of John Wesley having frequently preached there, and 
for some time it was in the charge of Rowland Hill. In 1882 it was 
taken down, and the present Wandsworth Memorial Mission Hail 
was built on the site by the Wandsworth Congregational Church. 

Among the churches which were transferred was ‘‘ Les Grecs,” or 
the Greek Church, in Dudley Court, Hog Lane (afterwards called 
Crown Street), Soho. It was built in 1677 for a Greek congregation, 
but as soon afterwards as 1685 was used as a chapel by the Huguenots. 
Hogarth’s celebrated picture of ‘*Noon” represents the old chapel, 
and the pasivr who is coming out of the door is the Rev. Thomas 
Herve, who officiated there 1727-1731, and was the grandfather of 
Mr. Richard Hervé Giraud. 

We have already referred to the church in St. Martin’s-le-Grand 
as representing the most ancient of the Huguenot churches, which 
formerly stood in Threadneedle Street. The records and registers 
of this church are exceedingly interesting, and it has usually been 
accepted as being the representative ‘* French Church” ever since it 
was opened in 1843, though it was of course no more representative 
than other transposed or amalgamated churches, of which that of 
St. Jean, in Shoreditch, now belonging to the Church of England, 
was affiliated to the old Walloon church, and the present ‘Church of 
the Savoy,” which may be said to represent the Old French Church 
near the Strand, and Les Grecs in Soho, though it is situated in 
Bloomsbury Street. 

The church in St. Martin’s-le-Grand has, however, always held an 
important position, though it may not be distinctively Huguenot, 
because of its having been originally associated with the churches of 
other than Huguenot refugees ; the Synods which held conferences 
as to Church matters having been composed of representatives from 
the Walloon and French congregations. 

Of late years, however, the Rev. W. G. Daugars, the Minister, 
who was chosen by the Consistory to preach the inauguration 
sermon in 1843, and has ever since been pastor of the Church, has 
claimed to be the representative, as the Church is the striking 
memorial, of the French Protestants in London, and by his great 
ability and eloquence, no Jess than by the long period during which 
he has officiated in the midst of a congregation consisting largely of 
the descendants of the Huguenots, he may be regarded as one 
of the most eminent of the French Protestant Ministers. 

The Church of the Savoy, Bloomsbury Street, has a pleasing 
distinction in its association with the Westminster French Protestant 
School for Girls, which, as its name implies, was established in 
Westminster (in 1747) for the clothing, board, and education of a 
certain number of girls, descendants of French Juguenot refugees, 
This schocl, which was removed in 1846 to  toomsbury Street to 
premises built for it, next to the French Church, receives girls of 
from seven to eleven years of age, who remain till they attain the 
age of 1434, being trained for domestic service, their school 
instruction including the three R’s—reading both in French and 
English—and singing, the latter accomplishment enabling them to 
form a choir for leading the singing at the Church. The School is 
supported chiefly by voluntary subscriptions, and there are always a 
number of applicants, descendants of veritable IIuguenots, who 
cannot be received because of the want of larger funds. 


“LA PROVIDENCE” 


THE Central Institution, around which gather the traditions and 
memorials of the Huguenots in England, is the French Protestant 
Hospital, or, to give it its fuil title, ‘* the Hospital for Poor French 
Protestants and their Descendants Residing in Great Britain.” The 
Directors of that Institution (thirty-seven or more in number, 
according to the Charter) are almost without exception representa- 
tives of Huguenot families, some of whose ancestors were 
distinguished in France, or gained high distinction in this country. 
So well is the representative character of the Institution itself 
recognised, that the indefatigable Honorary Secretary, Mr. A. 
Giraud Browning, has in conjunction with some of the Directors 
succeeded in a few months in forming a Huguenot Society of 
London, which already numbers nearly 2co members in all parts of 
the country, as well as in France and the United States of America, 
and has Sir Henry Austen Layard for its first President. 

We have seen how the exiled ministers found themselves with 
churches and congregations, and the poorer Huguenot Refugees, 
frugal, industrious, and ingenious, mostly prospered, and rejoiced in 
the liberty to worship God according to their own religious belief. 
Manufactories, private enterprise, the establishment of new indus- 
tries, followed their settlement, but the tide of immigration had been 
great, and the committees who had the distribution of the funds for 
relief discovered that they had more to do than to give immediate 
and temporary aid and advice to the distressed. A more permanent 
institution became necessary as time went on, in order to make 
provision for the aged and the destitute, and to succour the sick 
and the alflicted. 

The ‘* Royal Bounty,” as it was wel! called, though it may be 
very well supposed that James TL. yielded rather to the pressure of 
public opinion and to the constant exhibition of humanity to the 
Refugees, than to any convictions he may have felt as to the claims 


‘fields which skirted the road leading to Ioxton. 


THE GRAPHIC 


of Protestants to freedom in their religion, added to the contribu- 
tions of the wealthier Huguenots, had hitherto sufficed for temporary 
relief, and nothing was really set on foot for the foundation of a 
refuge until 1708, when, on the death of M. Jacques de Gastigny, 
a French gentleman, who had found a refuge in Holland, and 
become Master of the Hounds to William of Orange, with whom he 
came to England, it was discovered that he had left 1,000/. for 
the foundation of a hospital—soo/. for the building and the interest 
of the other moicty for its maintenance. This fund was, of course, 
altogether inadequate ; but the distributors of the ‘‘ Royal Bounty 
took the matter in hand, invested the legacy at accumulating 
interest, made a general canvass of the principal families of the 
Refugees and of their own friends, collected contributions, and at 
last, after some years, purchased a piece of land of the Ironmongers’ 
Company for 999 years. This land was situated beside a pathway 
(now Bath Street) in the parish of St. Luke’s, and stood open to the 
Upon this they 
built the first portion of the hospital, and at once received eighty 
inmates; but, more help coming in, and notably several donations 
from the Duchesse de la Force, and a splendid gift of 4,000/. from 
Philippe Hervart, Baron d’Huningue, they bought another adjoining 
piece of ground, erected additional buildings, and laid out a 
sort of ornamental garden, or pleasaunce. They were then able 
to receive 230 inmates, including the sick in the infirmary, and some 
who had become insane through affliction and persecution. 

The first foundation was concluded in 1718, in which year the 
Directors obtained a charter from George I., and were created a 
body politic, under the title of ‘‘Governors and Directors of the 
French [ospital for Poor French Protestants and their Descendants 
Residing in Great Britain.” The charity was established by a 
solemn religious service, attended by a great concourse of Refugees, 
and celebrated by Philippe Menard, Minister of the French Chapel 
at St. James’s, on November 12th, 1718. This gentleman became 
the ficst Minister and Hon. Secretary of the Hospital, and his 
portrait is preserved in the present Court Room. 

The Hospital, which because of its beneficent purpose and the 
refuge it afforded for those in want, perpleaity, or distress, came to 
be known by the name of ‘La Providence,” was well supported. 
Its first Governor was Henri de Massue, second Marquis de 
Ruvigny and Earl of Galway, the son of the first Marquis de 
Ruvigny, the famous Statesman and Ambassador who, though he 
was a [Tuguenot, came to England on a mission to Charles II., was 
trusted by Louis XIV., as many of the noble Huguenots were, 
because of their integrity, before the Revocation of the Edict of 
Nantes, and whose sister married Thomas, Karl of Southampton. 
The second daughter of this lady was Rachel, who married Lord 
Vaughan, and at his death William, Earl Russell. Thus the doubly- 
widowed Rachel Russe!l was cousin to the first Governor of the 
French Hospital, who was himself one of the most distinguishad 
men in England, having abandoned France because of the perse- 
cutions, and supported William of Orange, from whom he held a 
command at the Battle of the Boyne, and for his services was made 
Earl of Galway. 

At the end of the last century there were fewer claimants to those 
provisions of the French Hospital, which added to its character as a 
refuge for the poor an‘l aged descendants of the Huguenots that of 
an asylum for the sick and the insane. At the same time the 
cessation of the persecution had, of course, made so many calls upon 
the wealthier Huguenots and their friends unnecessary, and the 
directors had to consider how to increase the funds and to decrease 
that part of their establishment which was no longer needed. 
Some portion of the building was removed, the part left being about 
the size of the original structure. In 1808 an Act of Parliament was 
obtained enabling them to build on that portion of the land around 
which che new streets of St. Luke’s had already been commenced. 

Upon this ground now stand Radnor Street, Galway Street, 
Gastigny Place, and part of Bath Street ; the old building, once the 
scene of so much distress and of so much consolation, has dis- 
appeared, and a Board School stands on its site. 

The entrance in 1865 was by a doorway ina blank wallin Bath 
Street, and the building was a plain brick structure, overlooking a 
great walled garden laid out in primitive beds and walks. Beyond 
the high walls, once skirted by pleasant fields and open country, 
tall tenements shut out the view, and the garden itself had about it 
an inexpressible air of decay. There was little of a picturesque 
character in the large bare room used as a refectory, or in the 
clean wards, well supplied with quaint little nooks of cupboards, 
and each furnished with those queer spindle-legged wooden hed- 
steads covered by dimity hangings which might have belonged to 
them at their first installation. But, on the other hand, there was 
an air of comfort and repose about the whole place, and especially 
in the obvious regard for individual convenience, which separated it 
altogether from those more mechanically-dispensed ‘ charities ” that 
bespeak of an approach to pauperdom. ‘There was nothing of this 
kind of alms-giving in the “‘ Providence.” It was a refuge for those 
who claimed and received careful attention at the hands of friends 
who knew the causes of their misfortunes and gave their help 
lovingly ; and that this characteristic was preserved might be seen 
in the quaint old furniture of the rooms, in the plain but respectable 
and undistinguishing dress of the inmates, and in the freedom with 
which they were permitted, by application to the steward, to go 
and visit their friends, or to receive visits from any of those who 
cared for them. 

The board-room was, perhaps, in its way, one of the most extra- 
ordinary apartments in all London; for in it were retained 
those wonderful oval tables with a multiplicity of legs, that make 
them look like a highly-enlarged mechanical puzzle; the high- 
backed shining anatomies of chairs, their morocco seats worn to a 
russet brown, like the covers of an old dictionary : the old prints 
with French inscriptions, recording how the Huguenots worshipped 
in the Clerk’s Field during the old troublous times, and portraits of 
former founders, the most prominent of which was that of ‘* Henry de 
Massue, Marquis de Ruvigny, Earl of Galloway,” the first Governor. 


THE PRESENT HOSPITAL 


By the increased value of the lani, with occasional contributions, 
legacies, and benefactions, which continue at the present day, the 
Directors were able to erect the admirably characteristic building 
which stands in its own grounds in South Hackney, on the north 
side of Victoria Park, and affords a home, provided with every 
comfort, for twenty men and forty women, being aged and poor 
descendants of French Protestant Refugees. The building and its 
details may be said to have been the result of a labour of love, for 
the late Mr. Robert Roumieu, the architect, was himself of 
Huguenot descent. His son, Mr. Reginald St. Aubyn Koumieu, 
is honorary architect of the Institution. ain 

The style of the building is that of the Old French Chateau. 
The high roofs, peculiar towers, and spire-like coverings, together 
with the use of external colour and the quaint irregularity of outline, 
produce such a varied combination cf hues and groupings, that the 
aspect of the building is singularly picturesque. 

These details of the new hospital are admirably carried out ; and 
the appearance cf the exterior, admirable as it is, is well 
supplemented by all the internal decorations and the fittings of the 
various apartments—designed for the accommodation of sixty 
inmates, besides the resident officers and servants of the Institution. 
The building, which stands in a garden of more than three acres in 
extent, inclused by an ornamental wall, decorated with coloured 
Inick, is reached by passing throvs4 a handsome lodge-gate 


Oct. 24, 1885 


conducting to the path leading to the entrance-hall, a handsome 
area, paved with encaustic tiles, and having a high dado of the 
same material. Beneath an arched ceiling of variegated brick and a 
pair of screen arches a flight of steps leads to the central corridor. 
This corridor gives access to every part of the building, and a 
double stone staircase opposite the entrance is appropriated 
respectively to the men and the women, while two separate 
staircases belong to the servants and to the steward. 

The refectory and the Committee Kooms are in excellent keeping, 
and the Court Room is very characteristic, and contains several 
excellent pictures and portraits, among which are those of James de 
Gastigny, the founder, the Marquis de Ruvigny, the first Governor, 
the Right Hon, Earl Radnor, who, as the present Governor, suc- 
ceeds the late Earl and former noble members of the Bouverie 
family, and the respected Deputy-Governor, Mr. Richard Hervé 
Giraud, who is now in his 85th year, and has for forty years given 
his great ability and untiring industry to the benefit of the hospital. 

A word should be said about the class from which the inmates of 
this Huguenot institution is taken. Any one visiting the large, 
handsome sitting-room occupied by the women, or the day-room or 
smoking-room of the men, may see the evidence of the French 
clescent in many faces, and hear it in the accent of some of them. 
It is sometimes supposed that the institution was filled by disabled 
weavers from Spitalfields and Bethnal Green ; but this is not the 
case, although undoubtedly a vast number of Huguenots who lived 
in Spitalfields, and in the tall, gloomy houses of some of its ancient 
streets, where the top rooms were lighted by great diamond-paned 
leaden casements, wrought the rich fabrics which made the district 
famous. Many of these, and their children and their children’s 
chiklren, claimed the benefits of the hospital. Their descend- 
ants are to to be seen there now, and they preserve many 
of the qualities—the bright alacrity, the independence, the quick 
eye for colour, the gaicty, and the courage of their race. One 
of the latest additions to the large day-room devoted to the men is a 
loom for weaving dress silk, and instead of being an exacting engine 
it is now a cherished plaything. 

- It has been supposed by many people that there are now neither 
descendants of the Huguenots, nor weavers in Bethnal Green and 
Spitalfields. One of our illustrations represents the workroom of a 
weayeress in the neighbourhood between the two districts, and is a 
very good example of the rooms usually inhabited by the weavers of 
the last few years, now that the tall houses in old Spitalfields, with 
their great leaden casements, have mostly disappeared. 

Silk weaving is a depressed industry indeed, and little of it is done 
in London, but there are perhaps two thousand weavers in the old 
neighbourhoods, and, curiously enough, there is a demand in France 
for some Spitalfields makes of silks, especially for ties and neck 
scarves. Itis in weaving these that the weaveress of our illustration is 
engaged, but she and her working brotherhood and sisterhood can- 
not contrive to make more than a poor and arduous life of it. The 
old prosperity of the Huguenot weavers ceased Icng ago, though the 
children of the Huguenots remain. 

From all that has been said here it will be obvious that 
“La Providence,” the French Protestant Hospital, Victoria Park 
Road, is still a living and robust representative institution of the 
refugees who gave such a remarkable impetus to British prosperity, 
and it is not to be wondered at that at that institution the Huguenot 
descendants should on Thursday have held a remarkable commemora- 
tion of the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, which gave their 
ancestors a home in Jingland by driving them from France. The 
celebration was commenced by a special service at the old Church 
of St. Matthew, Bethnal Green, after which the Directors of the 
Hospital entertained the members of the Huguenot Society, and a 
large number of other representatives of the old Refugees, in the 
spocious rooms and corridors of the Hospital. In the beautiful 
Chapel of the institution papers were read suitable to the occasion, 
th: hymns of Marot were sung to the music of Goudimal, the 
composer who perished in the Bartholomew Massacre, the national 
songs of the Camisards and the Huguenots’ ancestors were heard 
once more, and a very interesting collection of specimens of silk, 
metal work, and other Huguenot industries was exhibited, along with 
numerous memorials and curiosities associated with Hugueno 
history and tradition. THoMAS ARCHER 


—- 
WEATHER CHART 
For THE WEEK ENDING WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 21, 1885 


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EXxpLANATION.——The thick line shows the variations in the height of the 
barometer during the past week ending Wednesday midnight. The fine line 
shows the shade temperature for the same interval, and gives the maximum and 
minimum readings for each day, with the (approximate) time at which their 
occurred. ‘The information is furnished to us by the Meteorological Office. 

REMARKS. The weather over the British Islands during this period has 
been more settled than of late, but temperature has continued to rule rather 
low, and mist or fog has prevailed locally. At the commencement of the week 
pressure was high (30°4 inches) in the South of our Islands and in Scandinavia, 
with cold Northerly winds, and. fair weather over the greater part of the 
country; but as a depression in the mean time travelled North-Westerly 
across France, North-Kasterly or Easterly winds of some strength prevailed 
over the Southern and South-Western portion of the country, and South- 
Easterly winds over France and the South-Fast of England, with rain, As 
this moved away Westwards the mercury quickly increased in height in the South, 
but decreased ‘steadily in the North, s> that very iorm readings were found 
over our Islands by Saturday. Anticyclonic conditions were now experienced 
generally ; calm and light: air (with focal mist or f and dull cool weather 
prevailing in most plac By Monday slight gradients had formed for 
Northerly winds over the greater part of the United Kingdom, and moderate 
gradients for Kasterly breezes over the Channel and France, with, however, no 
material change in the weather, At the close of the week a sharp fdl of the 
barometer set in over our South-Western Coasts, where a shallow depression 
was formed on Wednesday mornin Uhis was attended by strong Southerly 
winds over the South-West of gland, with rain, and moderate Easterly 
breezes in the North of Ireland, and fair weather, Elsewhere very light airs 
and dull weather were experienced. ‘Temperature has again been below th: 
generally. 
arometer was highest (so°20 inches) on Priday (16th inst.); lowest (24°) 5 
inches) on Wednesday (2ist inst.) 3; range o's7 inches. 

The temperature was highest (Go) on Friday (roth inst.); lowest (3y°) on 
Saturday (17th inst.); range 20°. 

Rain fell on two days. ‘Votal amount 0°19 inch, 
o'17 inch on Friday (16th inst.) 


Greatest fall on any one day. 


QOcT. 24, 


1885 


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459 


THE GRAPHIC 


ITISA 


WELL-ESTABLISHED FACT 


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REHEUMATISM, 
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SCIATICA, 
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CONSTIPATION, 


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Loess OF NERVE POWER, DEFICIENT Virac ENERGY, 


AND ALL THOSE DISTRESSING AILMENTS CONSEQUENT ON 


IMPAIRED VITALITY or 
DEFECTIVE ORGANIC ACTION, 


MAY OBTAIN SPEEDY RELIEF AND ULTIMATE CURE BY WEARING THE 


FB,LECTROPATHIC BATTERY BELT. 


A FREE GIFT. 
Should be in every house- 
hold. 


A Hundred-and-Thirty- 
Two Page gto Treatise, 


Please forward exact size 

round the Waist next the 

skin when ordering the 

* ELECTROPATHIC 
BATTERY BELT.” 


ALL WHO. SUFFER 


No room is complete without the 


NAUTILUS siesaiesty 
Highest Award of 


THE HEALTHERIES. GRATE 


YA ge  The NAUTILUS per 


oe ane fectly warms the apart- 

oa Ft ees ment with the minimum 
of fuel and attention. 
Always cheerful and 
clean. 


Can be fixed in any fire- 


: sie zi place. 
JAMES B. PETTER, 
Yeovil. 


__ WRITE FOR Caratocue AND TESTIMONIALS _ 
ARTISTE EN CORSETS. 
“When Nature fails, then Art steps in,” 


MA4>aMeE “WORTH, 


Ladies in town and country 
are respecttully invited to cal 
or con for Madame Worth’s 
\ descriptive circular. 

4} Each figure is specially atten- 
ded to, and every Corset made 
from measurements. 

“Madame Worth is 
doubt the preméére Corset 
J the present time, citherin Eneg- 
land or Abroad, and her success 
is unequalled." —Vide Press. 

Corsets adapted toevery figure 
(embonpoint, deformities, cur- 
yature. spinal complaints, &c.) 


New Bonn STREET. 
Loxpox, W. 


vithout 


4s 


copiously illustrated, 
entitled 


‘“ ELECTROPATHY ; 
or, 
HARNESS’ 


PRICE 
21s. 


GUIDE POST-FREE. 


TO HEALTH,” It will 
post-free. LAST FOR YEARS, }) 
Send for it at once. and 


NEVER LOSES ITS 
POWER. 


GALVANIC BELT EXTANT 


BEWARE OF FRAUDULENT IMITATIONS. WORTHLESS CHAINS, &e. ! 


EVERY MAN AND WOMAN 


at once for an ELECTROPATHIC BATTERY BELT. a 
,and more speedy relief than five times that amount expended in drugs. 
ered amongst the ever-increasing multitude who daily express their grati 
z r a moment, but sit down at once lest you forget it, and write for the 

securely packed, free from observation, and free by post, on receipt of Post Office Order or Cheque value 2qs,, and payable to C. B. HARNESS. 


NOTE ADDRESS—’THE MEPICaAL BATTERY (COMPANS; LIMITED, 


52, OXFORD STREET, LONDON, W. 


IT WILL COST YOU 
NOTHING. 


nd obtain relief. It, will cost you 21S., 
Stop physicking awhile, try this 
tude for the priceless benefits 
elt, which will be sent you, 


Suffering from any of the aboye ailments should send 
and will afford you more satisfaction, more, comfort 
rational treatment, and you will assuredly be numb 
derived from the '' Electropathic” treatment. Don't hesitate 


\ % tations of that name. 
“The best and most 

r wholesome of spirits.” 
eX | Bas reports by Dr. 


(Adjoining the Grosvenor 
qallery ). 


OLD and WELL- 


matured, imported 
direct from the Plan- 


ill, Dr. Pies 
& Sold_by Gro- 
cers and Wine Mer- 
chants everywhere. 


Wholesale, CHRISTIF’S, Milton Street, B.C. 
B ENSDORP’S 
ROYAL DUTCH 
COCOA. One pound makes 


100 Cups. — 1s. 
1s. rid. per 4 1b. tin + 3s. 8d. 


rib, tin. iT 
HI Medals in 1884, and 


Highest Award at the 
Heath Exhibition. 

London Offices, 10 and 31, Newgate 
Street, E.C. 


Sample Packets free on application 


ETER ROBINSON’S 


OURT AND FAMILY 
MOURNING WAREHOUSE, | 
256 to 262, REGENT STREET. | 


Ow RECEIPT OF LETTER OR| 
TELEGRAM, 


ARD, LOCK and CO.’S NEW 
PUBLICATIONS. Complete Catalogues 


W 


ENTIRELY NEW EDITION, BROUGHT 
DOWN TO THE SUMMER OF 188:, RE 

VISED THROUGHOUT. 

Medium svo, cloth, 13$_: half calf, 24s. ; full or tree 


PRenewer, 


Imparts peculiar vitality to the roots of the, hat, 
restoring it to, Its youthful freshness and vigour. 
Daily applications of this preparation fora week or 
two will surely restore. faded, grey, or white hair to 
its natural colour and richness 


Ohe 
Atlexican 


Renewer 


Co., Chemists., 12, Grafton 
Street, Dublin, write:— "W re recommending the 
MEXICAN HAIR RENEWER toall our customers 
i » best of the kind,as we have been told_by 
several of our friends who tried it that it has a wonder- 
tul effect in restoring and strengthening their hair.” 


The 


a 


Atlexican 


a Messrs. Wm. Hayes and 


Renewer'! 


s!'The MEXICAN HAIR RENEWER” 
ak: and the pulse will please see the 
n every ease surmeunding the, Bottle, and 
sis blown in the Bottle. 
Mexican Hair Renewer, Price 3s. 6d. Direc- 
toms in German, French, and Spanish. 


‘ : 


The word 


he 
Mexican 


3s. 6d. 


ow . ES. 
| 4 Cowt Royal. By the Author of ‘John Herrin Goods sent to all parts of the World, and Children 
, ene © Ach &e. Chap. XXIXN Two Stage Bos «| MURPHY & ORR, BELFAST. Four times the strength of Cocoas Thickened yet 
pil cling SAA E Sina Bs ope . : —s tbe , cas Weakened with pare &c., and really cheaper 
the Wheel. © : , Seeps for years mall] climates. Requires no Cooki 
May De ld ot any tespeenble Chemist. Perfumer INus ated by G. 1 . LADIES’ JACKET and MANTLE A fen spoonful toa Breakiast Cup cane eaethant 
ty Dealer in Toile: Actictes in the Kingdom, at 3 ed. Wah Some Librettists. ~ — CLOTHS tor the Season fully one third under haifpenny. 
} der has not, * The Me My Deserter. _[uste: ted by M. Fitzgerald. Ss ‘A. BROWN and SONS, Woollen In tins. at rs. 6d. 38.. &e . by Chemists. Grocers. &e. 
! “and will not procure ey Bu us. London, Established = -—~ -— - = ibs faba 
ve mil, carriage paid, on) Fish Out of Water, ai patente = See yee | CAREFULLY SELECTED 
1 tot gs. insu ennat at sland, Rainbow Geld. By David Christie Murray. Book 7 as at y ne SLE S 
ve Glas nt stamps. ty any RuohPBeiang can | NL<How the Rainbow Gold Grew Real. Chaps. OSES, Superb Collection of, from GTILTON CHEESE, Full of Blue 
RUG COMPANY, Limited, 33, Farringdon Road, T.—llIl. 4 * as. 6d. to £20 the Collection, carriage and vty, 3d. per Th 
‘i 8 London: SMITH, ELDER. & CO., 15. Waterloo Fl. | package free. EWING and CO, HAVANT, Hants. H. M. BROWN, 84. Westbourne Grove, W. 


| 


8s. Gd. RI 


calf, 31s. 6d. 
DICTIONARY OF 


AYDN’S Mourning Goods will be forwarded to any part of | 
DATES. Relating to all Ages and Nations. | England on arprobation—no matter the, distance— ; 


with an excellent fitting Dressmaker (if desired) 


Lil a fal cferene By BENNY AANGENT ithout any extra charge whateve Addre: 

abraris f the stituti t Britain, | without any extra whatever. SS— ! 

Pibenrain 0 the hoya. nstitution O rea’ ritain. PETER ROBINSON, MOURNING WARE- 
OF THE WORLD TO THE HOUSE, REGENT STREET. | 


THE HISTORY ) 
PRESENT. TIME, is exhibited in the New 
Enlarged Edition of 

Havens DICTIONARY OF 

DATES, which contains about 1,000 PAGES. 
12,000 DISTINCT ARTICLES. 
120,000 DATES and PAGES 


NEXPENSIVE MOURNING, as 
well as the Richest Qualities, can be supplied by 


PETER ROBINSON, 
upon advantageous terms, to Families. 


FRENCH and ENGLISH DRESS- 
MAKING at very moderate charges. i 
ARCELS POST FREE 
MADE-UP. ARTICLES, 
OR MATERIALS BY THE YARD, 
Forwarded promptly 


I 


no reason to reverse or, qua 
a former edition, 
the most universal 


“We 
ment we pissed upon 
tionary of Dates’ is 
ference in a moderate compass t 


book, of re- 
hat we know of in the 


English language.” 


PETER ROBINSON’S 


i 
| 
1 
| 
i 
i 


IN MONTHLY PARTS, SIXPENCE EACH. 
" ‘art 1 (ready. cto) er 25) fe) 
WARD and LOCK'S POPULAK COURT ao ee GENERAL 


TORIES OF THE GREAT 


NATIONS. Ancient and Modern. 256, REGENT STREET. 


Hs 


PROFUSELY ILLUSTRATED with Maps, 
Plans, and Wood Engravings. MODEL DRESSES. TR AVELLING B AGS A 


WARD and LOCK’S POPULAR HISTORIES Y have received from 


for the ENGLISH PE ESSRS. JA 


M 


OPLE lay claim to the quali- F Dresses, in Silk, 


ND DRESSING Cs 


LATEST IMPROVEMENTS. 


oe t impartiality. Paris a choice assortment 0 
Bes ot ee iticnea eee te Gur mee and all the other recognise| fabrics for the season, NEWEST STYLES. 
ROM ep Op GREEC a (3) ENGLAND. (e) AY'S, REGENT STREET. 
F Bs spectus will be sent on application. TANTLES 
ere = wae. CATALOGUES 


AY have received a! 


ESSRS. J 
f Mantles (Models) from 


“IN MONTHLY PARTS, SIXPENCE EACH. 2 
i choice Assortment 0 


Part I, ready October 26th _Re-issug of 


- 


POST FREE. 


No. 1. Sterling Silver, Electro Silver, Table Knives, Spoons, Forks, &c. 


free on application. 


hment bevelled boards, 


Prospectus post 


Imperial 16mio. vegetable parcel 
red edges. 


BLACK AUTUMN and 
WINTER MATERIALS 


NEW 


POULTEY, CITY 


WARD and LOCKS FULLY ILLUSTRATED the first nnggeg ts Fae aa arOse |'No. 2. Travelling Bags, Dressing Cases, Rec. 

THE WORKS OF JOSEPHUS. MILLINERY. -|No. 3. Razors, Scissors, and Pocket Cutlery. 

NOTES ei Waiston. | WITH WIARGINAL ESSRS. JAY have received from ; 

N ) as ._ giving t e essence 0 Nee arra AV ae Pp is s ov Ls : fF cl Milline | 

CIXTY-FOUR FULL PAGES of ENGRAVINGS, aris sayg, Nee Uc St O pA FORD ST REET, W., 
AND 


LONDON. 


Just ready, price 48... an entirely new work on GOGN ECHELLE, |. 

CHEIROGNOMY and. CHEIROMANCY. i y QUADRILLEE. 

A MANUAL of CHEIROSOPHY. BOUCLEE, (MANSION HOUSE BUILDINGS). 
Being a complete practical handbook of the VELOURS. Manufactory, Sheffield. 


heiromancy, by 


twin sciences of Cheirognomy and C. 
means whereo!, the past, the present, and. th 
may be read in the formation of the hands. Preceded 
by an introductory argument upon the science, of 
I i to rank as a physical 


he tuture 


Mek 


NING.— rs. | 


Cheirosophy and its claims , Baa il 
SES » Epwarp HERON ALLEN, author of —In reply to. many inquiries, we recommend | 
science. By Epv , the Maison Jay's London Mourning Warehouse, | 


* Codex Chiromantiit 
Witt FULL Pace ax 
London: WARD, LOCK, 


his house, long established, makes ; 
and is excelled by no other } 
for the beauty of the work, 
als, or the style of manu- 
Messrs. Jay send Dressmakers to any part 
atterns and materials for mourning 
elegram.'’'—AMyra's Journal. 
AY'S. 


RAL MOURNING 
<T STREET. W. 


Regent Street. This 
mourning a speciality, a 
house in London or Paris 


the quality of the materi 


AND OTHER ENGRAVINGS. 


& CO., salisbury dq. E.C. 
OPULAR NEW NOVELS at all 
THE LIBRARIES. 
HE MASTER OF THE MINE. 
By hopert BUCHANAN. 2 vols. 
GIRION GIRL. By Mrs. 


Awnre Epwarbes, Author of “A Ball-room 


facture, S 
of England with p 
on receipt of letter or t 


IR 


ENT TO H,RH 


* Robinson and Cleaver’s Goods have a world-wide fame."—7he Queen, 


Roller Towelling, 18 in 


l 1. per yard. 
yard; Linen Dusters, 3s. 3¢ 


Vide, 30 
sass Cloths, 48. 6d. 
Samples post free. 


SH DAMASK 
TABLE LINEN: 


Repentance,” 3 vols. BY SPECIAL, APPOINTM 
NDROMEDA. By George a alee PRINCI OF WALES. i 
TT EMING. 2 Vols. tig CELEBRATED TABLE LINEN FROM THE! Fish Napkins, 2s. rid. per doz i Sinkits etenin, ts 
FLEMING. 2 Vols B R.N Cure Fee AT NUiNGroRY, ARDOY robs upiins Ee dit Bee age Dinner Napkins. 6d, ner dozen. i able 
OR LILIAS. y . 4 Y, wae chat rs 2S iv RA gs.1td. cach, Kitchen 
Author of * Wooed and Married.” &c. 3 vols. stands unrivalled for Richness a maid Cas ag Lee Hue a oy 2 45.60. per dozen. Mono 
GISTERS IN-LAW. 1 By bay a puree SSDI Fait : : ; Samples AN ted Price Lists post tree eps VAGRRE A, RIN REOISCTEN 
| aGARET. MAJENDIE. 3 ¥ Napkins, Sheetings. Towels, . Ci ; 
Mu Aner MVEatt ss Gecndace TABI E PSU arm U Nn ere ROBINSON & CLEAVER, by Special Appointments to H.M. the Queen 
. eek: Cloths, Dusters, D.apers, and H.I. and R. H. the Crown Princess of G 
M. CRAIK. zvols. Drills for Hot Climates. and = ———--—— —- bie PACES! CF ees? BELFAST. 
HARD BENTLEY and SON, Linens of every kind at the CHWEITZER’S COCOATINA. A Laxative anb ReFrEsiinG Fret LOZzeNGe. 
NEW BURLING TON s TREE : Oldes men NS eienene The Anti-Dyspeptic Cocoa or Chocolate Powder ON For CONSTIPATION, 
ee eaaes L N E dest, Establishment tor “Gry a RANTEED PURE SOLUBLE COCO Hamorthoids. 


Ne Linen in the North ol ireland 


NE for 


(Sixpence). New Si 5, : 

GAZI A With excess of Fatextracied. 
The Faculty pronounce it the most nutritious. per- 

fectly digestive Beverage for” BREAKFAST. ILUN- 


CHIEON. or SUPPER.” and invaluabie for Invaiids 


On Oc fober 27 
THE CORNHICL MA 
NOVEMBER. 


CONTENTS :— 


Write For Price List AND 


SAMPLES. 


eadache, 
Appetite, 
al Congestion 


‘he, EL 


[NDIEN 


1 Druggists. 
KB. GRILLON,. 69, SOREES CHTRATSIDE 
SEVEN per CENT DEBE} URES. 
HE APITOL FREEHOLD 
LAND and INVESTMENT COMPANY 
Limited. 
Full prospectus and particulars will be forwarded on 
application to. WM. C. PRESCOTT, Manager 
P) = 
CHices, 13y, Cannon Street, London, Ff. 


Toe THE GRAPHIC UCT. 24, aca 


N2 MORE MEDICINE FOR On the rth ins}. at ee House, Lancashire 


First Edition of 50,000 copies. “ec = 
NE” MU | 18.450 Copies sold first month o" issue, Bea Ton te Sek’ ADULTS OR CHILDREN, TO | Mss Wanitestey, of a daughter. 
UCALOSSI'S NEW DANCES:| ]Y[ANY A MILE AWAY. By /peapING' 1S "THE QUIVER."“Swwiey) D ERFECT HEAT ¢ TL BETAGE 
BR, PinsuTr, SS ae a Review. Stomach /ungs, Neress: Lives, Blond, Batt On the ist inst., 1883, at St. Leonard's Church, 
JGR ei y BE . . = a Z a at 5 wi led : r. Edw. itch, 
ABBY POLKA. FAIRY peahiieinwe "|" "7H QUIVER is widely known] Slime brDunneys aelious Revalend | SeWiae’ Ban, af shon to ane Anse Menten 
Just published, FIRSTIN THE FIELD. By ‘THeo Bonueur. as one of the very best of magazines.” —/ecord. ‘Arabica Food, which saves fitty times Its cost | oF Mount Radford, Exeter (Golden Wedding), 
Y PET WALTZ. UNCH and JUDY. By Behrend. HE OUIVER in medicine. * Arazario,” Crystal Palace Park Road, Sydenham, 
Played everywhere. Boba pine piped and the Qh ldren danced, l Q . U BARRY’S REVALENTA SE. 
and Oo. POLKA., ver the v1 age green, —( Words JAXONE). a D ARABICA FOOD and TONIC BISCUITS, 
e One of the best ‘‘dancing” polkas ever GoME ONE'S SWEETHEART. |> | SHE QUIVER for NOVEMBER, which save invalids and shildtens eon aise [MPORTANT NOTICE. 
WIA CARA WALTZ “1 some one's tie sweethear xendy October 2, sommnencss We nEW SONNE, rear. sucgessful'y ad ail other nursing and | XTOCK SALE 
h : stead i But whose you ne'er could guess.” La to i ie They repair the lining membranes . 
inlle Dance nightly Bs Kate \ aughan, in the Keys for all voices, 24 stamps each. 1 HE QUE, 108 sunday. bal Haouphaut the system, and cure ETZMANN and CO. 
PU a Pe lea oy W. MORLEY and CO., 127, Regent, Street. W. He ieee ee Shea Be A i Con- ; 
ATER ON. Song. To melody Volume are now received. by all Booksellers, YSPEPSIA, Indigestion, on 
i ae Mie Gan atts . EMOVAL.—W. MORLEY and and at the railway bookstalls. : tipation: Gonsinl tion, Cough, Asthma, DDITION d 
LES a ONS CO., Music Publishers, beg to announce that | CASSELL and COMPANY, Limited, Ludgate Hill, Paiteane Ait senter fi vous De- an 
CHAPPELL Price. 28. cacy net as q| to meet the requirements of their rapidly-increasing London Calan. Sena Ones Diphtheri enteric 
3 PE anu COC., 50, New Bond Street an : 4 # - att z e ility, Typhus, Searlatina, Tia, Hute 
15, Poultry, es bar Basset hes et ney | New Seriaz Issuz, in Monruty Parts, price 7d Fever, Measles, ‘Jruptions of the Skin, even ALTERATION of PREMISES. 
HAPPELL and CO’S NEW | lerscrand more extensive premises, 127, | HE CHILD'S LIFE of CHRIST. aiseases-—Dr. Routh, of the Samaritan Hospi- 
and POPULAR SONGS STREET, where all communications should be sent. __ With nearly 300 Original Illustrations by diseases emen and’ Children, after analysing hee ate! and CO., Complete 
be = ae OT > - leading Anusts executed ies presely HORI work, sixteen other kinds of food, says :— House Furnishers, 67, 69,71. 73, 77, and 79, 
[7,CAME WITH THE MERRY} operT COCKS and COS NEW J , Jie CHILDS LIE GH dinist. aye] DU, BARRY'S FOOD is the BEST vty ato al stare autor mene, 
Siaeeed Ue Aa E Maneaiid otheniaeoeriewucdios: <. PUBLICATIONS. {he ie (a mee ently sania toa memes, OF lta ls ere ee ma ckad and. chil; | Hampstead Road, they are about to add the same to 
i Po sely rated, an he story 0 fe ministr: ren wasting wl 0 y a ie st irs Ss, W. i u i a s - 
[* CAME WITH THE MERRY cyt in the MORNING EARLY. | ang death of Our Lord is told in touching but Sng 100,000 cures, including those of the late Em- | Dee ne ea Se ates sewer en, 
MAY, LOVE. In E flat, F,and A flat. : te Miss M. LANDSANS scancetiie larly simple language, ue tn the jeraest ot type. peror ayo ihe. M arene Se pb Bichan: This will necessitate partial 
= — | Loves Power , a ero meen rs. Moncrieff. he illustrations will give children a clearer idea of t ls tuart de Decies, Dr. Livings + an — 
BY ME GOOD-BYE (Words by An Old Maid’s Heart, . °.  . Michael Watson. | manners of the East and of ‘the most Temorabl6 Mr H, M. Stanley, the African Explorers, Drs. REBUILDING and REMODEL- 
=A F. E. W EATHERLY). Post. - oom ae to River B flat Edith Cooke. phantes sneeerd History than any amount of mere MERACTS # CURES LING of PREMISES, and consequen 
ne of the greatest of Signor Tosti’s many i * verhal teaching, rom 100,000 ) e 
paceeeeae! and yee ww ASH. Behrend. “THE CHILD'S LIFE of CHRIST ought t uae ae Fac 
ID. ME GOOD-BYE (Waltz, H Peele coe eR SB eo igre. fina its way into every family.” —Chr tition, SEE ee E GE canes which had resisted all other treat- | OF 
2 < d Py we "’*| King Thespis .  . . « Jj.E. Webster. \ Prospectuses at all Booksellers, or post free fr ie . 
DE Camors). Played at the Promenade Coneerts, | Dove's Wings 2... GMarshal” | CASSELL and COMPANY, Limited, Ludgate Hill, | PYYSPEPSIA.— DU BARRY’S Cie “oUl 
INE TO-DAY. Isidore de Lara. 6, New adie aan Lendon: W London. .FOOD.. Cure 100,516—A dangerous illness | REDUCTION, and trust that their established 
Sung by the composer with the greatest suc- : ——— - - * The best Cookery Book extant,"—Jork Herald, having left my digestive prmane Weal to | tation will prevent this announcement being classed 
cess, and always re-demanded. IOLINS, Roman Strings, Music, Part 1 ready October 26, price 6d., of the New Edi- assimilate ordinary food of any Ing su ae with the “selling-oft” advertisements so frequently 
INE TO-DAY. Isidore de Lara. V ion of ta keep me alive, I ore BLA i Mint resorted to at the present day. 


Fittings, &c., for Violin, Bass, Harp, Guitar, tion of ‘y's Food and = 
&e, Violin students’ outfits from gos. Cata- (COOKERY, CASSELL’S _ DIc- Bategs. Rood hel recovering a healthy ETZMANN and CO. do not 


Tn Be Hat Band Aah ue fee BAS TBUIN. Violin Maker, 1 MONARY OF hand musel 
ogue free —E As RN, Violin Maker, TIONARY OF, ion of the stomach, and strength and muscle, Fee : rents 
ARLING MINE L. Engel. | = iw wir esehe action o s , eng! ue . profess to sell utterly regardless of their own 
. . ° IW V g,o00 Recipes. to the astonishment of myself, my medical erest } as a sacrifice S either by 
To be sung by Madame Adelina Patti at [ 0 LADIES.—SALE of NE Parr 1 (including Coloured Plate) ready Oct, 26. | aaisen and friends, EDWARD Woop, Bolton, ae Pe ma ery Tene ei er by 
= MUSIC at a large reduction and post free. CASSELL’S DICTIONARY OF COOKERY June r4, 1883. as most conducive to the mutual interest of buye 


Brighion on November 5th, and St. James's Hall on All i So Be oF all publist Eade (ialealivelo nlc eit Gla b 
November sth. All new songs, pieces, é&c., of all publishers in stock. | is absolutely what it claims to be, THE LARGEST AND IVER | seller.— OETZMANN & CO, HAMPSTEAD 
New copies, best editions, Prices commence 4d., 6d., | MOST COMPLETE COLLECTION of the kind ev i. ( URE of DYSPEPSIAand L ‘ E ee waa 

NCE AND FOR EVER. (Words | 84, Catalogues sent gratis, post free. : in this SULTRY, = Ohsasbaan World. SEES COMPLAINTS.—From the aight Honourable ROAD (near Tottenham Court Road). 
the Lord Stuart de Decies, Lord-Lieutenant of HE STOCK, now clearing out, 


by G. CLrrroy Brycnam). Istpore pe Lara. | J: W. MOFFATT, 3, Barnsbury Street, London, N, Prospectuses at_all Booksellers’, or post, free S, : g 
H Established 1827. from CASSELL and COMPANY, Limited, Ludgate the County Waterford :—" Feb, 15, 1859.—I have comprises an immense assortment of superior 


"Mr. de Lara’s newest song will be a great succes: Hill. I 1 jerived h benefit from the use of DU 
ae Sara Hane il, London. derived_miuch_bene s 4 vee a eS 
(CAUGHT. Words by Ed. Oxenford. D/ALMAINE'S PIANOS. = BARRY'S FOOD.—Stuart de Decies.” and, wellseasonad CABINET | EURNITURE, 
A, Romiti. ie GREAT REDUCTION IN ERIGES,, NOW READY, HEALTH. Cure of Nervousness x6 » CURTAINS, “AND. CURTAIN 
NGEL WINGS. A. Romili. TEN YEA’ Pe nry F AVOURITE FICTION and WEAKNESS.—" With gratitude I testify RS N 
Sung by Mr. Maas. Class 0, £14; Cl. £20; Cl.g, £26;Cl to the great efficacy of DU BARRY'S FOOD 
ANGEL WINGS. InEflatandG.| . 0 2:73) 34235 : ; ERIES, in restoring and sustaining Health in Nervous- 
T. D b CO.. . Hessen an eakness.-(Mrs.) E. Gretton, Upper 4 
: = gt Finsbury Pavement, City, E.C. ee ark, Dedham, 9 arch, . LUNGEOD Lh z f 
EMFMBER ME. Jules de Sivrai. Established too years. es DYSPEPSIA.— DU | BARRY'S TiBTE GLASS a 
\% The words of this heautitul song are the las. |§ Soa —_—<—<—_a AD LOVE, FOOD has cured me. of a catarrh and nightly eas 
written by the late Hugh Conway. CURE FOR ALL! AND OTHER STORIES. sweatings, terrible irritations of the, stomach. | H ANDSOME DINING - ROOM 
Ro 7 dsl ] et] chi: sted i en * SITITES 7 ale Me 12 ig 
SONG OFASOLDIER. (Words| H OLLOWAY'S OINTMENT Price as., cloth gilt; post free, 2s. sd. * eo bad ae etien, Wl pa oo ie ieee ee secs 
by D'Arcy JAxoNnE.) MictarL Watson. . “Ty ieee = maine-des-Iles, France. noble. sideboards from. 8 ta’ 50 guineas ; Mahogany 
“A grand Dernone sone iu a grand chorus." Is a CERTAIN REMEDY ; S, 421, Strand FW.C. ERVOUSNESS.—DU BARRY’S 1° Oak large Telescope Dining Tables, from 3 to 29 
naa 3 flit. ‘or 3 2 TY a rT ATT ui ; 
se = 3 Fo une orig ok ss oe H TO MAKE WINTER FOOD, Cure of the Marchioness de Bréhan, es 
HE CANNOT JOIN THE CHIL- Ge OO es ieae foLke. a iTS, _ DOLMANS, MANTLES, Versailles, of seven gears, Tver cone ai eee E4sY CHAIRS in the most COoM- 
DREN'S PLAY: or THE ANGEL'S corer RO NTUM MSN. as ERD Si 2 Cr ,&e. See NOV BER Number ot les palpitation, au the St in fie aCe | FORTABLE SHAPES, and upholstered i 
LADDER ees by ARTHUR CHarMaN,) ‘ “SWEET INGS, — 7 tid of our SEN panes anne oe hie dee haere nling-or soeidl iurercnurse, ci } jous mt rials, rom 18s, 9d. to 7 suine 
FRED REDHEAD, Page ot s ie stb DE SE INey P espa pa Le a ae ad . vibrary ‘Tables, from 2 to 18 guineas; cases, 
eae ue the inost pathetic songs we have seen for And all Skin Diseases, it has no equal fF ring popular antl chen Maueinesc ARALYSIS, CONSTIPATION, on a si 0 ‘Piiaeae Pk ee assortment, of 
I BEEF hes accent aaitic Gove Nupaus, Duncss, edie; Bosrox. 8852 | paticns re the cheapest and est in the world.” sod HAE NORRHOIDS,," From which Lut | Genre Tables Qosssjonil Ca aud Paes Work 
CHAPPELL and CO., 50, New Bond Street, and | VONPON CINTERNATIONAL Exnipitiox), 1884 | papi PATTERN of tHe MONTPELLIER to DU BARRY S$ FOOD, and I am now, at the LEGANT DRAWING-ROOM 
15, Poultry, E.C. IR AMES MURRAY'S DOLMAN, ALSO AN EXTRA, SHEET OF age of Eighty-Five, enjoying perfect health.— J ya - A 5 
HE MIKADO: or, the Town of S J Se Ae RR UMBER OR. AWAY King's College, Cambriage) aoe Oct, 1849. inn CABIN BTS y Chippendale: Shavit Adams, 
| wy ’ . i 0) S a Nittram Hunt, Barrister-at-Law. Early English, and other designs, trom 2 to 35 Ss 
TITIPU. FOR ACIDITY, 2 ’ An immense assortment of Chimney Glas: 
Words by W.S. Gitnert. Music by ARTHUR i INDIGESTION, E LD 0 N Ss. . LADIES : CATARRH on the BLADDER Overmantels, suet, abanised™ and gold, Wabi 
: SULLIVAN, HEARTBURN an JOURNAL, containing a Paper Pattern of had_resisted the ' &c., and all the newest designs, trom toto guir 
VOCAL SCORE (arranged by George vs GRAVEL, aha The Montpelier Dolman, Forty Pages ot Letter- g EIGHT long pleats seer Suis) 2 SE REUR: 
peowgll Tracy) ie poima tt geet GOUT yess Sine Wee Je et Jahre, B BARRY S divine REVA- ANDSOME BEDROOM 
itto ditto, handsomely bound . s . 75. 6d, net. Selgin? cave 4 . Dy : NTA FOOD cured it in an_ incredibly SUITES, lete, fro Ly mys. 6d. to 8 
PIANOFORTE SOLO (arranged by : . ee eee ee arntion volumurousauioun at usefal And anstineliereading. short time.—Paris, 1th April, 1862. DEDE, guineas; Tahomiuy, Bisel be in oo TS 
George Lowell Tracy) .  . . «38. od. net. PaartiosedmperDanbleueaelsiees WELDON and CO., 7, Southampton Street, Strand Professor of Chemistry. from 610 50 guineas; ditto Washstands, with hand- 
LIBRETTO. E Se oe , + cis. od. net. | sre JAMES MURRAY and SON "Tenple Ses | ———— 8 aa OUTED CO he HEEL Re EAE N DYSENTERY TYPHOID, and some Duchesse Toilet 1ables to match, from 5 to 35 
CHAPPELL and CO. 50, New Bond Street, and | ~ ae Ba TAT, : Rereeet ZADKIEL'S ALMANAC for 1886, AGUE, I find DU BARRY'S FOOD worth | guineas per perior chests of Drawers, from 
15, Poultry. E.C, BARCLAY and SONS, Farringdon Street, London. the Year of Change. Circulation over 140,000. its ‘weight in gold. I advise no English Surgeon : zs Be Rees 6a ahosany: Washstands, with marble 
AROLINE LOWTHIAN’S NEW FLUREKA SHIRTS. — FORD'S | Raens Neel frcuiiine Res eae Sr ootical, Soba, Bere Ve Were HE STOCK of CARPETS 
ven ! me an g Heiroglyphic, Zadkiel foreto! 2 Russian Advance ospital, Sofia, Bulgaria. ILLIAM WALLA! 
FTER LONG W A ~« EUREKA SHIRTS. — Great, improvements in Afghanistan, the Soudan Expedition, &e, Bineiie Sureeon?’ ® alencine ‘ c des WILTON 4 
A G YEARS. haye been made in the manulacture of Ford's Eureka | London: COUSINS and CO., 3, York Street, Covent EBILITY.-DU BARRY’S BRUSSELS of the et aeanaAy Fea waceee desire 
as ae be : ; — S st qua a signs, 
FTER LONG YEARS Beane eer aie nceise  uaile’ aul sant Uo Papels ue Dee iias perteaty cured me of twenty years | Real Brussels at ss. 9d, and 1s. 11d. per yard. Good 
“ 3 i Sa kil pees ACCRA eh SAL emaaeare eae Just published, Crown 8yo.. vellum, 148 pp, 4s. 6d. 7 4 ressi d debility, w and as.5d. Best quality 2s. 9d. 
‘A vei Ghacming: Saag: of that clay a Post free to your door. Illustrated selt-measure fret dyspepsia, oppression, an lity, 3 ad Milton Pile C i 
1 Mea ie that clever and | by post—R. FORI) & CO., 41. Poultry. NDERCURRENT and AFTER- vented my dressing or undressing myself, or | and ilton Pile Carpets at 45. 6d. per 
popular composer, Miss Caroline Lowthian. = a — , 1 B 5 ; ; =e a borders -OETZM &C 
Price 2s, net GLOW. An Elegy of England. By Maurice making even the slightest  etfort. Madame th vithout k Saat’) MANN & CO 
CHAPPELL and CO. 2 Ry we Bond BUREKA DRESS SHIRTS.— Arpen. ** New and original poetic power.’ —Guardian BorRELL DE CARBONETTI, Avignon, HE CU RTAIN STOCK 
eae sols VE HO treet, and #. large stock ready made in sixteen different |‘ Philosophy impregnated with poetic fe ling.’— 7 i . A 2, HOW 
15, Poultry, E.C. 3 Exe ee eae G BEL Pend SONS Vork (CONSUMPTION. pu BARRY ‘S) clearing out, includes handsome ‘Tarestry 
y dan Pais “Ve asc FOOD. Consumption, Asthma, Cough, Dropsy, | Dado Curtains, 52 inches wide, 34 yards long, 9s. 11d. 


sizes, 14 1017 inch,to wear with one stud, 5s. 6d., 7s. 6d., 
In single boxes ready for us 


St, Covent Garden ; Clifton: J. BAKER and SON. onable plain centre Curtains, in 


Deafness, on which I spent thousands of pounds | per pair; the fas 


HAPPELL and CO. have on view fe i ms 
every description of PIANOFORTES by the peite  ., PORD ee CO,.ss Boule EARLY CHURCH HISTORY, during twenty-five years in vain, have yielded © various artistic colours, with rich Oriental dados and 
best makers, returned from hire, to be Sold at greatly fs — The only Flannel ACKHOUSE and TYLOR. and io this divine food, and Tam now restored to ' fringe, 50 inches wide by 34 yards long, 14s. 9d. per 
reduced, p r cash, or may be purchased on the Shirts that never shrink in washing not it Edition. 600 pp., 168. ‘’ Beautifully illustrated ; verlect health—Mr. James Roperts. Wood | pai aandh exery descriptions Of <cuntnin, Foi 258.10 

Three Years’ system, x _____ | washed roo times. Made in mixed colours, Greys. | epitaphs, mosaics, and other tangible records are made ferchant. <0 SUIMCTS DELPRTE = 
HAPPELL and CO.’S Student’s Drabs, Browns, Be. Peele Bost paid Vurls tor excellent use of, The book is by far the best popular YSPEPSIA—CONSTIPATION. HE STOCK OF FENDERS, 
. A ae cient Mears . patt and self-measure. 2 R 1O.. 41, | work we have seen on the subject. From beginning : TRONS & = . - é 
PIANOFORTES, from 16 guineas. Poulhtry, London. to end it is as engrossing as a novel.’ —Graphic, Bed BELO 8, ce. BON eles SUR Tne des 
ae ht iy Te % y = ed-Troon) enders, from_ 1s. . @€ach ; WACK ANU 
HAPPELL and Co.’s PIANINOS, AE GIDIUS.— The only Wool Fabric HAMILTON, ADAMS, and CO. London, _ 1685, 4 Brass, or Black and Steel Dining-room and Drawing- 
with Check Action, from 23 guineas. that never shrinks in washing. Gentlemen's HAT IS YOUR CREST and NC} room Fender: from 6s. 6d. each ; superior ditto, trom 

HAPPELL ad co. Under Vests, six diflerent sizes, 58. 9d, to 6s. 9d. each ; WHAT IS YOUR MOTTO ?—Send nz 4 ey tos, 6d. to £5 10s. 
Es “ an /S IRON- Pants, w elt bands, 6s, 6d, to 7s. 6d.; halfhose, etott ah a ten ee Ra IVER.—DU BARRY’S FOOD. |; H IN 

FRAMED OBLIQUE and COTTAGE . Allto match, Three diflerent colours. til cotinty CULT ELON © fictaldic Olice: eee —Liver complaint and diarrhea, from which I Le E CHI A and GLASS STOCK 
PIANOFORTES for Ocean Steamers and Extreme nd self-measure free by post.—R. FORD eae ole oe i (ome eed a ele o ewe ars had sutiered tearfully for two years, despite the _ now clearing out includes, China T: ETVICES, 
Climates, from 35 to 65 guineas. Poultry, London. wile Wlended. Grest engraved “on S6as, Tings; DOORS: | , ; nt, have yielded to. Du | 28, pieses, from 3s. od,; handsome en ed ditto, 
uuiee and steel dies, 8s, 6d, Goid seal, with crest, 20s. Solid } , pee medica. eee pet Ww ore. Majo aie burnished gold decoration, tos nd 13s, 6d. 
ring, 18-carat, Hall-marked, with crest, arty S excelent 100¢: : P JT, | upwards ; Cut Wine Glasses, from as. 6d. per dozen ; 


HA i = old id : 
PPELL and CO. have on view UR E OF DEAFNESS.— Sfanual of Heraldry, 4oo Engravings, 3s. 9d. ub HLS. unattached, London. superior ditto, from 4s. 9d. per dozen; richly cut 


~ é Sane ar Ret Se A iC 
GRAND PIANOFORTES from 50 to 250 ibe NOISES IN THE EARS.—The Rev. E. J. | LETON, 25, Cranbourn St., corner St, Martin's Lane S TOMACH. — DU BARRY’S | Decanters from 6s. 6d. per pair; superior cut Tum- 
k : dozen; Engraved glass 


Guineas. Aeris 4 
NEW BOND STREET AND POULTRY. invites sufferers to send for his work, FOOD has perfectly cured many years’ fear- | blers, from 3s. 9d. per doze 
ae ee nn eet Ve Masia a. tee eee | ae eeu eee ee eT Ee 

New Song. Key for all voices, 24 stamps. case be sta Iniperial Buildings, Ludgate Cireus, | the Engraving of Copper-p :.” Wedding Cards, 50 sleeplessness: Wit had submitted Ue eainas OILET SERVICES.—Ewer, 
( ONSTANT STILL. By Leigh London. Free consultations daily. each, 60 fan orsed velo with Maiden Nantes medical treatment—V, Movana. Cadiz. Basin, &c. New designs. Clearing out. 
SINGS} L. The sf efleetice iene ta A = = 135. 6d.— 1, LIE i aver, 25, Cran- > 5 ats fi 3s. 6d. ; hands itco, large’ 
ot “ict - Mpei nist tbat Bevel ARE A FACT—HAIR COLOUR WASH sourn Street (Corner af St N s Lane), WC. ASTHMA.—DU BARRY'S FOOD Complete seis Hae ae : a a 
PHILLIPS and PAGE, 43, Ki Wiohkd. NAW —By damping the hair with this, in 2 hours grey > as cured me of thirty-six | years’) asthma, | 57 g s reaktast, Dess and Toilet 
and PAGE, 43, Kilburn High Rd. N.W, hair becomes original colour, 10s.6d,,sent forstamps ULLETON’S Guinea Box of STA- which obliged me to get up four or five Lines, detective 
aX every night to relieve my chest from a pressure ate orice, 


vew S SR cRae Ayhae. a “ ALEX, ROSS. 21, Lamb’sConduit Street. London. TIONERY contains a ream of the very best 1 Pr 
New Song. Key forall voices. _24 stamps. Paper and 500 Envelopes, all stamped in the meek ele- which t hreatened _ suffocation.—Rey. S. ‘Boit- 
LET, Ecrainville, France. ALE 


A 
LORY ono ae MY oD, | O ENSURE A {GEEOR SKIN gaat way with crest up moe. ponogeaitt OF address, U BARRY'S 
So ty y CHarLtes Gowunon. S = LOTION every night | ind the Engraving of Steel Dieincluded. Sent to any EURALGIA. —D 
part for P.O. OT, CULLETON, Pe Cranbourn N FOOD is a remedy which I could almost call Now PROCEEDING 


Anis splendid Sorte he s been selected to be sung at pee agreeable fluid, having 
e¢ Bristol Musical Festive : par Ss kin | dtr Sorner of St, Martin’ WwW. es 4 
s producing a clear smooth skin | Street (Corner f St. Martin ne) divine. It has perfectly cured our dear sister 


ival. t 
PHILLIPSand PAGE, 43, Kilburn High Rd. N.W, | by restoring its healthy action, i 
1454 2 ANS | BY ene Be spre eoores ulia, who has been suffering the last four years 7A 
The favourite of the day, 24 stamps. we is sold by Chemists everywhere, Battles CEN EG DRESS-CUTTING jul si euralets in the head, which caused her OETZMANN and Co., 
[YY WALTZ. By Fabian Rose Ce eee el has had a wonderful career. It was first intro- cruel agony, and left her almost without rest.— ’ 
Coniposer’ OF Aneur Tinniortel” Welt: EPPER’S QUININE and IRON | duced in 1882, since that time its success has been so Rey. J. Monassier, Valgorge, France. HAMPSTEAD ROAD, 
ay illustrated, very movement ischarming,” TONIC strengthens tne nerves and! muscular ; i LEEPLE SSNE ss.— DU | 
PHILLIPS and PAGE, 43, Kilburn. High Rd. N.W, | syste improves digestion, sunytlutes the circuia- { BARRY’S FOOD has cured my daughter, wha | EAR TOTTENHAM COURT- 
lion, P OMmotes appetite, animates the spirits, and : ad suftered for two years fearfully from general | : pe aera area been 
thorougaly recruits the health. Bottles (thirty-two a rerns is lity, sleeplessness, and | ROAD and GOWER STREET STATION. 
a total exhaustion, and given her health, s a PLATTS SPECIALITIES. 


HARLES HALLE’S Practical | doses), 4s. 6. 
and strength, with hard muscle and cheer! 


* SC f Soid by Chemists everywhere. Insist on having 
f a Pepper's Tonic. 


being ness.—H. DE Monttovts, Paris. 


sin the | YN FANTSSAVEDby DU BARRY’s 
FOOD.—Dr. F. W. Beneke, Professor of Medi- 


use. 
-called Five-erghths (18 inch). 


i 
h 
48., 45. 9c, 5s. Gd., 6s. 4c. 


ORWICK’S BAKING POWDER 


LIBRARY. FOR > . * : Seer oe 
i led and enlarged. == FOR HOME MADE BREAD and I AS RY. H cine in Or y to the University. writes, . ou, 9s., 10s, 6d., ras. 6d. 
2 Catalogues Ae free on appl cation ORWICK’S BAKING POWDER! April 8,1 *T shall never forget that I owe | per dozen. 
FORSYTH BROTHERS, London & Manenester. FORPLUM PUDDING nd PLUM CAKE the p' ion of one of my children toDu The So-called Three-quarter (ar inch). 
OMINION R yas SGT ae a ee 8 eee ee eeerll a Barry ood. ‘The child suffered from complete | 33, 3d., 6s., 68. 10d, 75. god., 85. 9U., 195., 125. 148. 9d. 
D . ORGANS. ORWICK’S BAKING POWDER | ne : tion, with constant vomiting, which re- per dozen, 

Catalogues and full particulars of these cele- FIVE GOLD MEDALS AWARDED ty ‘all medical skill, and_ even the grea The So-called Seven-eighths (25 inch), 
brated Instruments post free. _ Epa Re ie Re aA ae aa ip fae i cation to THE SCIENTIFIC DRESS-CUTTING e of two wet-nurses. I tried Du Ba '6s.4d., 75. ad. 8s., 8s. od, Tos. us. 6d., 138. 9d, 
Beane ROTHER: 27a Rengit Circus, ORWICK’S BAKING POWDER! ASSOCIATION, 272, Regent Circus, London, W., od with the ost aston nne SUCCES 5 he PLATT per een : 

@ ret, don; raz and r2a, eansgile, | races ¢ Thee) ¥ i p ster EOL "s Square. vomiting ceased immediately, and atter living 
e i Hagiob9 PACKAGES SOLD W EEKL x ze AlancheslerAsen evn sth ne vedas on this food fe yveeks. the baby was restored an O. id 


Manchester. 


£20. == Oo OD, USEFU L, The Best! HE Best Substitute for | EPPs's (Con. to the most flourishing health.” 


: : ee a Castor Oil and all. Nauseous N 
SCHOOL-ROOM PIANO. fullest | Anerient, |Averients, Uniform.safe pleasant and GRATEFUL—COMFORTING. I SEED. Exe 
< ss < ‘2 


compass, iron plate, and latest. improvements. Pensa “ahi S 
“Strong ou and durable, adapted for hard convenjent, Resommended nigh[s Bi; ee BY a thorough knowledge of the lopes wonderfull 
THOMAS OF if Zi ROM ral CO... as 5 ca: Children. Pleasant, safe uniform. ) natural laws which govern the operations of twicehisage. Heslee 
aie a ee ME a7, Baker Street. Tucker, Esq., M.L. CS. {.P..Exeter:— | ligestion and nutrition, and by a careful application eight p.m. to ei ‘SC 4 
Ta satnars the fine properties of well-selected cocoa, Mr. the day.—RoseE mY. Every yard bears the name “LOUIS,” and the 


! of 


every yard, from the cheapest quality to 
s guaranteed, Ladies should write for 


y doctors’ bills. Itis by the judicious use or LENTA ARABICA, ut ie Y Samples of the New Winter Shades to 


ps has provided our breaktast-tables with a deli- RICES.—DU BARRY'S REVA- ia os 


y flavoured beverage which may save us many 


T VIAIO, $35 (Civil Service cash Stocker’s |°'I prefer, your lozenges to the powder 
aa : ’ of the German Pharmacopwia, and 
P price)—Trichord drawing-room model, repeti- have found them an thicientaperient H 


ton action sine Hgts Anes in handsome Ttalian German No ingredients but. those of the Oe Aen ane. a 4 
walnutwood case, elaborately carved and fretwork 5 : e~ by post | such articles of diet that a constitution may be gra- clit 7 = VW . . ‘ 
front and cabrivle truss legs. The austin priee Licorice perma rong T6d ands (Dy neh dually built up until strong enough to resist al THOMAS W aes ae Bos Holborn Circus, 
cha cnc GE eA is so guineas, Drawings and Thompson, ‘Thompson, Millard every: lendenty to disease: | Hundreds of subtle 2d. p A > —_ = a Cay 
of this beautitul piano sent post tree. Q Xo.  Propri + GEORGE | maladies are floating around, us ready to attack 2 e yho supply all shades and all qualities at 
al NG PREDOMI UNG SER PORL Ue. curer, | Lozenges. (Sct ee Crome GEORGE | MMadies Seo sta Swank pointe, ‘We may expe | [)U, BARRY'S TONIC, REVS ee eae ee 
Portman Square, London, W. ~ x a many a fatal shaft by keeping ourselves well, fortified LENTA BISCUITS, 1 Ib.. 3s. 6d. 3 2lbs., 68 | ———_—__ So ae 
TAMMERERS and STU,T-| with pure blood anda properly-nourished frame.— U BARRY and CO. (Limited), NGHCE Parties Furnishing are 
I HOMAS OETZMANN and CO. TERERS should read a little hook written by Cévil Service Gaxette, sy, Regent St, London, W.; and ats, Rue de invited to obtain (free by post), the CHINA 
ae (formerly with Octzmann and Plumb). desire Mp B BEASEEN, Gus PURE ey eee aie Made simply with boiling water or milk. + Castiglione, Paris: at Bees tak and a ee oi ee FALOGL of ALFRED B. 
it to be _most distinctly understoo at they are | § rt or more than thirty years.—G an ‘Tilt roadway; at Melb’ e, Victoria.: FARCE, contains Nine mates (commencing 
Pianoforte Manufacturers only, and that their only Hotine, Hall Green, near itinchain: Bree for 13 JA MES EPPS AND ca, Pilfords ety Br ean albert Rade nd at all | at 45), and much other usetul it fi a a HSS 
emists in the World. 39, Ludgate Hill, Established 1z6. 


address is 27, Baker Street, Portman Square. stamps. HOMCZOPATHIC CHEMISTS. Grocers and 


Oct. 24. 1885 


THE 


THE GRAPHIC 


A NARRATIVE COMMEMORATING THE 


HUGUENOTS IN ENGL ayy) 


BICENTENARY OF THE REVOCATION OF THE EDICT OF NANTES, OCTOBER 22ND, 1685. 


the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes” is a large mouthful, 
to utter which almost requires French alacrity of speech ; 
“ut sonorous and high-pitched as the words may seem, they only 
fitly recall a very significant event—significant not alone to the 
descendants of those Refugees who fled from the persecution in France 
to find a home in England, and, in fact, to become Englishmen and 
Englishwomen ; but to the English nation, which derived inestimable 
advantages from the permanent settlement in its midst of numbers 
of the best artificers, artists, and scholars in the world. 
Foreign merchants and handicraftsmen had been protected and 
encouraged in England from very early times, as may be seen from 
charters in the reign of Edward I., and before that period ; but the 


. To MEMORIAL CELEBRATION of the Bi-centenary of 


ee 


to preach to the Protestants in London, and whose name was Jean 
a Lasco. ‘*I could wish,” said Latimer, ‘that we could collect 
together such valuable persons in this kingdom, it would be the 
means of ensuring its prosperity. ‘He who receives you,’ said our 
Saviour, ‘receives me.’” Some time after this in 1555 the King 
granted a Charter to all the foreign Protestants for the exercise of 
their religion, and also granted to them the Church of the Augustine 
Friars (afterwards the Dutch Church, Austinfriars), appointing John 
a Lasco to be their superintendent. The 
number of French Protestants and Hugue- 
nots sscking an asylum in England had 
increased in 1549, when the inauguration 
of Henry II. in Paris was celebrated by the 
burning of martyrs in the streets, and 
the imprisonment, banishment, and exe- 
cution of others. 

The charter had especial reference to 
the Huguenots, or French Protestant 
emigrés » but the Dutch were permitted 


to share the church in Austinfriars, which 


was granted to ‘*strangers,” and was 


calied the Temple of Jesus. It was 
soon found, however, that there was 
some difficulty in two congregations using 
the same church on ali occasions; and 
therefore, on the 16th October, 1550, 
a lease for twenty-one years was ob- 
tained of the Church of St. Anthony’s 
Hospital in Threadneedle Street, ‘* for 
the use of the French and Dutch 
Churches, for sermons and administra- 
tions of Sacraments.” This church was 


THE HUGUENOT CHURCH, THREADNEEDLE STREET 
Now Demolished « 


emigration of the French Huguenots to England, on account of 
persecution, belongs to a distinct line of history, and, commencing 
in the middle of the sixteenth century, vastly increased after the 
‘“* Massacre of Bartholomew ” and the death of Admiral Coligny, 
and was continued by successive outbursts of terrorism in France 
jor more than two hundred years. 

Before that horrible massacre of the Protestants in Paris on 
St. Bartholomew’s Day, August, 1572, there had been a settlement 
of foreigners of the Protestant, or Reformed, Religion here, for Strype, 
speaking of events in 1547, says :—‘* Now I conjecture were the 
beginnings of the foreigners’ Church planted at Canterbury by the 
countenance and influence of Archbishop Cranmer.” We also learn 
that one day when Latimer was preaching before the young hing 
Edward VIL, he spoke to him of a famous theolygian who had begun 


burnt down in the Great Fire of London, 
and was rebuilt at a cost of 3,300/., by 
the French congregation alone, from 
collections and voluntary subscriptions, 
the Dutch refusing to contribute to the 
expense. The new building was opened 
for service in August, 1669, and remained 
till 1840, when it was acquired by the 
City for the new approaches to the Royal 
Exchange, and pulled down, the carving and 


trades which they followed ; and at Canterbury, Norwich, South. 
ampton, Sandwich, Colchester, Maidstone, and other towns (in 
some of which they found remains of the settlements of the families 
of Belgians and Flemings who had come over in 1360 and taught 
the English how to make woollen cloths), they carried on the 
manufacture of woollen, linen, silk, and the weaving of dayes and 
sayes, or light woollen and silk stuffs. 

For the protection of these poor strangers the Pope presumed to 


interior fittings being reserved for a new build- 
ing, which was afterwards erected near the 
Vost Office in St. Martin’s-le-Grand on land 
purchased for the purpose from Christ's Hospital. 

It should be remarked that, in the settlements of the Protestants 
(Ifuguenots), the people called ‘* Walloons”” were often included ; 
and these, in fact, were among the early refugees. They came from 
the French and Austrian Low Countries—Artois, Hainault, Namur, 
Luxembourg, and part of Flanders and Brabant—so_ that they 
naturally assimilated to the early ewigrés from France. In the year 
1567 above 100,000 had fled from those provinces, Numbers of 
these emigrants came to England, bringing with them the 


FRENCH CHURCH, IN THE UNDERCROFT OR CRYPT OF CANTERBURY CATHEDRAL ° 


take Queen Elizabeth to task, and to declare ina ‘“ Bull ” that all 
such as were the worst of the people resorted to England, and were 
by her received into safe protection. ‘To her honour she did so, and 
not only received them, but did not exact from them conformity to 
the English ceremonies of Protestantism. In a letter to the Church 
meeting in Threadneedle Street she said, “‘ We are not ignorant 
that the ceremonies, &c., have been different in the various 
Churches since the birth of Christianity, in some the congregations 


a 
Cl 
a 
co 
ue 


FRENCH HUGUENOT REFUGEES LANDING AT DOVER 2 
After the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes 


i 2 

iy ma = 

(ge “+ Vfixrered 1879 

4 ENLARCED 1695 
PEPAIRED 1229 133] 


! {afte ny 

ng sah 
ann 

tit a wie 

TERI D I epa 

Pye e reagan AOE TAE Ly 

eect Heapstennat 

Tice ccna 

TED 


‘Ml ata 


hur 
a 
iat 


OLD FRENCH CHURCH, WANDSWORTH 


Now Demolished « 


prayed standing, in others kneeling—it is never- 
theless the same religion, provided their prayers 
are addressed to the same God. We do not despise 
your service, and we do not constrain you to 
adopt ovrs. We approve of your ceremonies, 
inasmuch as they accord best with the countries 
whence you came.” 

Both at this period and in the later great emi- 
gration in 1687 a very large number of the refugees 
to England landed at Dover, and made their way 
to Canterbury, where earlier Walloon settlements 
had been established by the people who fled 
from the Spanish persecutions. Weavers of 
sayes and bayes, wool-combers and dyers, formed 
a large community, and it was thought necessary 
to restrict the number of those permitted to work 
at these trades, every refugee settling in Can- 
terbury having to be approved by the Arch- 
bishop, so that the people there may be said 
to have been protected by both Church and 
Queen. In 1561 Elizabeth granted them the 
Undercroft of Canterbury Cathedral as a church, 
or place for worship, and as such it is used 
to-day by the descendants of the Huguenots, 
whose names, many of them ‘ Englished,” even 
as the people themselves became ‘*more English 
than the English,” may be seen over shop fronts, 
in leases, charters, grants, public records, church 
registers, and on unnumbered monuments and 
tomb-stones, where Roy often appears as King, 
Dubois as Wood, Pierre as Peters, Boulanger as 
Baker, and sc on, but where, of course, the old 
names, unchanged and untranslated, are conspi- 
cuous, As the industrial Walloon community of 
Canterbury were recognised as a corporation of 
artisans and trades by the Burghmote, or Chief 
Council, soon after the Undercroft crypt of the 
Cathedral had Leen granted to them, the records 
of the city are exceedingly interesting, and become 
still more so after the date of the St. Bartholomew 
Massacre. By the year 1634 there were 900 
communicants in the Church in the Undercroft, 
and thirty years later there were about 1,300 
weavers in Canterbury, and above 700 English 


THE: GRAPHIC 


who were employed by them, so that they became there, as they 
had Jong been in London, a regular Company or Livery. 
Kither at that time or more probably at a later date, when 
the importation of silks and calicoes began to impoverish their 
trade, a few of the Protestant refugees of Canterbury began to use 
a part of the Undercroft of the Cathedral, outside the Chapel, as 
a workshop, where some of the poorer members of the com- 
munity were permitted to set up their looms. The mortice holes 
in the stone work made for the reception of the ends of the beams, 
and the marks on the walls and pillars, may still be seen there. The 
Huguenot service in th: chapel of the Undercroft was performed 
according to the usages of the Reformed Church of France till about 
fifty years ago, when the Vestry or Deacons consented to the use of 
a French translation of the Liturgy of the Church of England, and 
this form of service is still in use in the now fairly appointed and 
moderately comfortable chapel, the associations of which are so full 
of historical interest and sentiment. It is owing to the concentration 
of interest at Canterbury which, caused by its having been the chief 
resort of the earlier evée7¢s, led to the concession of so distinguished 
a site for the chapel, that the French Church there has been so com- 
pletely maintained by the descendants of the Huguenots. In almost 
every other provincial town or city the churches have only tradi- 
tional interest, as the congregation have mostly joined other Protes- 
tant communions, and the present generation of the descendants of 
the Huguenots, though they are to be found in considerable numbers 


a 


CHOIR OF THE FRENCH CHURCH OF THE SAVOY, BLOOMSBURY 
Consisting of Girls of Huguenot Descent from the Westminster School 


A SPITALFIELDS WEAVER AT WORK 
Drawn trom Life 


Oct. 24, 1885 


in most of the chief towns, are only distinguishable by their names 
(where these have not been Anglicised), or by the tradition which 


“\DOMUS DEI,” WALLOON CHURCH, SOUTHAMPTON 


enables them to join with pride in such celebrations as that which 
has just been ol-served at the Trench Protestant Hospital in London. 

At Southampton, where there was an old set- 
tlement of Walloon and other refugees, the church 
is, or was recently, supported, but at most other 
towns where settlements were made, and the 
industries introduced by the Eluguencts became 
the mainstay of wealth and influence, the chil- 
dren’s children, while often carefully preserving 
the family traditions, and cherishing the memories 
of the race from which their fathers and mothers 
have sprung, have preserved neither the minor 
religious distinctions nor, except in unconscious 
observances, the social peculiarities of their an- 
cestors. 


THE EDICT OF NANTES 


WHEN Henry of Navarre came to the Throne 
of France as Henry IV. the Huguenots rea- 
sonably expected that the Sovereign who had 
been the leader of their cause, and under whom 
they had fought and conquered in the Civil War, 
would deliver them from the persecutions under 
which they had suffered. They were not mis- 
taken, for until Henry, from political motives, 
joined the Roman Church, was received by the 
Pope, and recalled the Jesuits, who had been ex- 
pelled from France after the attempt on his life by 
Jean Chastel, they not only lived in comparative 
peace, but held a powerful position which, in his 
policy of expediency, the King thought it ne- 
cessary to undermine. Apart from a reduction 
of their political power, however, they were re- 
garded with favour, and were permitted to holla 
recognised place in the realm, in which he had 
already reformed the administration of justice, 
restored the financial condition, and largely pro- 
moted industry and commerce. 

When he was at Nantes in 1598 Henry pro- 
malgated an Edict giving redress to the grievances 
under which the Protestants had so long suffered. 
It confirmed them in the possession of all the 
churches then in their hands, conferred on them 
the right to share in. the administration of all in- 
stitutions for public instruction, and gave them an 
equality in Parliament with their Catholic fellow- 
country-men. The Edict would have assured io 


Oct. 24, 1885 


them freedom of religious worship, would have legalised the 
rites of marriage and baptism as performed by the ministers 
of the Protestant churches, and would have given to the 
Huguenots the civil liberty enjoyed by their fellow-subjects, 
had its provisions been faithfully carried out; but Henry had 
joined the Roman Catholic Church, and though he refused 
to yield to the demands of the Pope that no person of the 
Reformed religion should be permitted to hold any public office, 
his temporising policy, and the intolerance of the Courts of Justice 


HENRI DE MASSUE, MARQUIS DE RUVIGNY 
First Governor of the French Protestant Hospital 


and the Parliament, added to the influence of the Jesuits, caused 
the law in many essential respects to become a dead letter, and may 
be said to have paved the way for the ruthless persecutions by which 
Louis XIV. endeavoured to ‘‘ convert” the Huguenots. 


THE REVOCATION 


Even under the rule of [Henry of Navarre, France offered few 
inducements for the return of the Refugees who had settled in 
England under the protection of Etizabeth, and who had attained to 
distinction or prosperity, while artisans, husbandmen, and traders 
had also discovered that they could for the most part live here in 
comfort and without oppression on account of their religion. 
The favour accorded to them by Elizabeth was continued by 
her successors, and though the jealousies of English artisans 
and traders, the difficulties and disorders that arose during 
the Commonwealth, and the endeavours of Archbishop Laud to 
enforce conformity upon all the Churches, including those of the 
foreign Protestants and their descendants, affected them seriously 
for a time, none of these afflictions were of long duration, or to 
le compared with the penalties under which the Huguenots in 
France were made to suffer on account of their their faith. 

James I. made a declaration, in which, after a preliminary cha- 
racteristic flourish alluding to some of his theological treatises as a 
guarantee of his liberality, he assured the Refugees that they should 
not be molested in their churches, but should be under the same 
protection as they had received from Elizabeth. Charles I., in 
reply to the deputies from the foreign Churches, who addressed him 
on his accession, published a warrant, commanding the officers: of 
the Crown to permit all strangers and members of the foreign 
Churches and their children peaceably to enjoy all the privileges 
and immunities that hal been granted to them; and at the 
Restoration special provision was made that the penalties of the Act 
of Uniformity should not apply to “the foreigners or aliens of 
the Reformed Churches, allowed or to be allowed by the King’s 
Majesty, his heirs and successors, in England.” 


THE GRAPHIC 


Charles the Second may be said tohave extended not only his good- 
will but his proverbial courtesy to the Kefugees. ‘Je suis joyeux 
de vous avoir oui,” said he, ‘et vous remercie de vos bons souhaits 
—assurez vous que sous notre protection, vous aurez autant de 
liberté que vous avez jamais eu sous aucun de mes predecesseurs.”” 

These repeated concessions show that the emigration of the 
Huguenots had been resumed, and that the persecutions were 
driving them from France in large numbers. It was in vain that 
they claimed the observance of the Edict by which civil and 
religious liberty had been granted to them. Their complaints were 
resented by repeated tortures, by fines and confiscations, and by the 
occupation of the districts where they lived by dragoons who were 
billetted upon them with more than military license. The con- 
dition of the Protestants who were still in their own country was so 
notorious in England, that in 1681 a memorial was presented 
to Charles II. on their behalf, After referring the petition to a 
Committee of the Lords of the Council, who reported on it, he 
declared in Council that he held himself obliged to comfort and 
support all such afflicted Protestants who, by reason of the rigours 
and severities which were used towards them on account of their 
religion, should be forced to quit their native country, and should 
desire to shelter themselves under his protection for the preservation 
and the exercise of their religion. Ile promised them letters of 
denization, without charge, and all legal privileges and immunities 
for the exercise of their trades. He also said that he would propose 
to Parliament to pass an Act for the general naturalisation of such 
Protestants, that they might be under no disabilities as compared 
with natural-born subjects, and should have the same privileges for 
introducing their children into schools and colleges. All officers, 
civil and military, were enjoined to give a kind reception to such 
emigrés as should arrive at any of the outports, and furnish them 
with passports and all assistance in their journeys, with a free 
passage with their goods and household stutf, tools, and instru- 
ments, and he promised to give a general brief throughout England 
for the relief of those of them who stood in need. The Arch- 


bishop of Canterbury and the Bishop of London were appointed to 
receive all requests and petitions from such Protestant Refugees 
as came to this country, that they might know where to apply 
for aid. 

This was making war upon the King of France in a new fashion 


“LA PROVIDENCE,’ THE ORIGINAL FRENCH PROTESTANT 
HOSPITAL, BATH STREET, ST, LUKE’S 


by offering an asylum to those of his subjects who were distinguished 
for ability, piety, and industry, and who were yet disqualified from 
benefiting their own country because they would not yield liberty of 
conscience in the matter of religion. 

While, on the one hand, the refugees called England the Asylum 
of Christ, on the other, English writers and divines bore testimony 


463 


to the advantages derived by this country, not only from the intro- 
duction of arts and industries, which added to its wealth and comfort, 
but from the religious and moral example alforded by the Protestant 
refugees, and their steadfast endeavour to observe Christian precepts. 

The offers of denization were soon accepted by hundreds of 
persons who had fled from the persecutions in 1681 and 1682, so that 
it is not surprising that when in his blind cruelty and infatuation 
Louis XIV., instigated by his mistress, the infamous Madame de 
Maintenon. and his Confessor, Pére la Chaise, determined to revohe 


MONS. JACQUES DE GASTIGNY 
Founder of the French Protestant Hospital 


the Edict which he had sworn to maintain, a large number of the 
Iduguenots of France should have prepared to leave the country, 
even though they would be compelled to abandon their property. 
The King was not unsupported by the Court, the Church, and by 
persons distinguished as //ttératewrs and eloquent preachers. The 
whole of the society which came in contact with the dissolute an.l 
heartless Louis seemed to be infected with the same kind of barbarity 
which had led the ladies of the Court a century earlier to go down 
into the streets after the Massacre on St. Bartholomew's lve that 
they might jest over the mangled bodies of the Huguenot leaders 
whom they had known and endeavoured to flirt with, and from 
whose corpses the jewels were taken as suitable and acceptable 
presents to these tigerish dames, Nearly two hundred years of 
savage intolerance and persecution had perpetuated cruelty among 
the dominant party, and the King was flattered, praised, ani 
anplauded for taking such a wholesale measure for remorselessly 
tortuing, maiming, and hanging thousands of men, women, and 
children only because they were not ‘‘ of his religion.” Addresses 
were presented, poems were written, sermons were preached, 
and medals were struck commemorating the revocation of the 
Edict, and the persecutions which followed for the extirpation 
of the Protestants who refused to conform. Forbidden to assemb:e 
in public worship under the penalty of torture or death for the men, 
and imprisonment for women; or to observe private worship under 
the penalty of being sent to the galleys for life ; precluded from 
singing their psalms or hymns, by the threat of fine, imprisonment, 
or the galleys; forbidden to instruct their children in the faith; 
commanded to send their boys to Jesuit Schools, their daughters to 
nunneries at their own expense ; their churches demolished ; their 
pastors ordered to leave the country within fifteen days on pain of 
death ; themselves forbidden to pass the frontier, or to attempt to 
escape from France; their marriages by their own ministers 
declared to be illegal ; refused burial for their dead: their Bibles 
and books of devotion burnt ; forbidden to exercise any pro‘ession, 
or to fill any public office, or even to work as servants or artisans 


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FRENCH PROTESTANT HOSPITAL, VICTORIA PARK 


Some of the Octogenarian Inmates, Descendants of Huguenot Refugees 


464 


without a certificate that they had become Catholics ; the TIuguenots 
who determined to be faithlul to their convictions were hunted like 
wild beasts. During the twenty years before the Revocation about 
400,000 had fied, and during the twenty years afterwards 600,000 
had contrived to escape. Of a thousand Protestant pastors six 
hundred went into exile, one hundred were executed or sent to the 
galleys, and the rest are supposed to have temporised. English 
ships lay off the coast to receive the fugitives ; and in these or the 
foreign vessels taking in cargoes from the Western harbours, they 
contrived to embark, stowed away among bales and casks, or even 
concealed within them, and liable to be smoked out or suffocated by 
the officers who were ordered to visit outgoing ships, and fumigate 


THE RIGHT HON. JACOB BOUVERIE, LORD RADNOR 
Governor of the French Protestant Hospital 


the holds with burming materials, intended to emit poisonous 
vapours. 

The Huguenots, long deprived of civil and religious rights, anc 
excluded from taking part in public affairs, turned their 
abilities and attention to trade, to manu‘actures, and to horticul- 
ture sand their simple, regular habits, their steady industry, and 
tneir intelligence insured success. In Languedoc there were 
250,000 Protestants, and they were the most enterprising, edu- 
cated, and wealthy portion uf the community ; the Iuguenct 
merchants of Nismes commanded the greater part of the com- 
merce of the south of France. There, and occasionally in 
Normandy, around Rouen, the persecutions raged, and thence 
came a large proportion of the re‘ugees who settled in Eng- 
land—the Komillys, the Layards, the Saurins, the Portals, the 
Hoileaus, the De Beauvoirs, the Vignoles, the Roumieus, and 
numbers more whose names have since been intimately asso- 
ciated with public services and achievements in this country ; 
but in the country around Nismes, in the Lozére, and the moun- 
tainous district of the Cevennes, the country of the Gard and 
Ilerault, there was a population of small farmers, peasants, 
artisans, and labourers, and these people, driven to desperation, 
and led by men whose religion had been distorted to fanaticism 
by the cruelties of which they had been the victims, took up 
arms, and for many years defied all the efforts of the Govern- 
ment and the dragoons to suppress them. The insurrection 
arl the wars of the Camisards, and the marvellous story of 
their boy leader, Jean Cavalier, cannot be told here. Cavalier 
himself, after bringing the King’s intendants to listen to con- 
ditions on which the Huguenot insurgents would consent to 
lay down their arms, found himself deserted by his com- 
rades, who suspected him, deceived by the officers who induced 
him to go to Paris to conclude the agreement, and escaping from 
the snare that was laid for him, fled to Switzerland, and thence came 


THE GRAPHIC 


to England, became a Colonel commanding a regiment composed 
chiefly of some of his old followers, and was appointed Lieutenant- 
General of Jersey. He died in London in 1740, and was buried in 
the Churchyard of St. Luke’s, Chelsea, where his gravestone is 
now concealed by a heap of rubbish, which the Huguenot Society 


iH 


INTERIOR OF THE FRENCH PROTESTANT CHURCH, 
ST, MARTIN’S-LE-GRAND 


of London have offered to clear away that some memorial of him 
may be preserved. 


After the end of the Camisard insurrection the persecutions 


went on. The Hugucnot pastors had denounced armeil resistance, 
and under the great influence of Antoine Court, 
principal of the 


who was the 
Huguenot pastors in Languedoc, the Protestants 


FRENCH PROTESTANT HOSPITAL, VICTORIA PARK 


were distinguished by what Milton calls ‘‘the invincible might of 
meekness.” They had long been compelled to meet for worship in 


OcT. 24, 1885 


‘the Desert,” the uncultured plain not far from Nismes, in disused 
quarries, in caves, and in a natural amphitheatre formed by the 
valiey in which lay the bed of a mountain stream, but they had 
rebuilt some of their churches, or ‘‘ Temples,” long before Court’s 
death, in 1760, when Paul Rabaut succeeded him, and in the midst 
of continued persecutions successfully maintained the doctrine of 
non-resistance. It was not till Voltaire had taken up the case of 
the Calas family, and by able advocacy and scathing satire made 
France ring with his denunciations, that the torture of the 
Huguenots began to pall upon the Court and the Government of 
France. It was not till 1775, in the first year of the reign 
of Louis XVI, and not long before the whirlwind of the 


RICHARD HERVE GIRAUD, ESQ. 
Deputy-Governor of the French Protestant Hospital 


Revolution, that the two last galley slaves for the faith were 
released. 
THE HUGUENOT CHURCHES IN ENGLAND 

By the end of the seventeenth century a great multitude 
of Huguenots had left Irance. In New York, Charleston, 
several towns in Ireland, in Prussia (where in a few years their 
community so prospered as to build streets of houses in Berlin), 
in Germany, and in Iolland numbers of them found refuge, 
and were received with kindly welcome. 

The emigration to England was so great that prompt mea- 
sures for their immediate relief had to be adopted, and it was 
fortunate, indeed, that the Royal brief for a collection in the 
churches throughout England had been ordered. It was but 
a few months alter the accession of James IT. that the Edict 
of Nantes was revoked, and the money raised by the collec- 
tions amounted to nearly 200,000/., which formed a fund called 
the Royal Bounty, and was administered by a lay committee of 
the chiefs among the immigrants, while a smaller sum, called 
the Church Fund, which had previously been collected, was 
administered by a church committee for the relief of the exiled 
ministers and for Church purposes. There were many noble 
and many wealthy Huguenots in this country who, of course, 
contributed largély to the funds, and aided the committee 
in the work of organising the Churches, finding employment 
for the immigrants, and assisting them by providing tools and 
outfits for artisans and workmen. Many of the sons of 
ministers had commissions in the army, and it is matter of 
history how bravely the Huguenots fought for the country 
of their adoption, both in the land forces and in the fleet ; in 
fact, both they and their descendants have shown a remark- 
able predilection for entering the English Navy, the present 

Deputy-Governor of the French Protestant Hospital being no excep- 
tion, as he became a midshipman when he was twelve years of age, 
(Continued on page 458) 


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Maggie 


THE MEN'S DAY-ROOM, FRENCH PROTESTANT HOSPITAI. 


Oct 24, 1885 


THE GRAPHIC 


« Austin,” said his wife seriously, “I want to spe: k to you.” 
’ P 


DRAWN BY ARTHUR HOPKINS 


—‘* Is there anything the matter? You look quite grave. 


What is it? Sit down, and tell me.” 


FIRST PERSON SINGULAR 


Author of * Joseph's Coat,” ‘Coals of Fire, 


CHAPTER XXV. 


Durine Mrs, Spry’s visit Angela heard more than enough of 
O’Rourke’s praises. The fortunate young gentleman was always 
doing something which, in the pretty Wwidow’s fancy, was worthy of 
:dmiration, or saying something which was worthy to be repeated. 
Angela had a genuine liking for her guest, and a genuine unliking 
for O'Rourke; but she could not see her way to exposing his 
tactics. Mrs. Spry’s constant praises of the wicked man who was 
so shamelessly pursuing her were irritating and dispiriting, but they 
had to be borne. How could the girlsay : ‘‘Tlet your rascally hero 
kiss my hand in the dark, because I thought he was my hero. He 
was hunting my money then ; and now he is hunting yours, because 
you have ever so much more than 1?” Such a statement was 
clearly impossible, and it was of no use to offer a certainty as a mere 
suspicion. 

_As for O'Rourke, he felt Angela to be decidedly in his way, and 
likely to be dangerous. He would have preferred to stalk the late 
Spry’s Arzand Credit Unlimited almost anywhere rather than 
in Angela’s presence. Of course it shielded him a good deal from 
her contempt to know that it was inspired by jealousy 5 but still he 
Was not altogether impervious to it 

Asa general rule, what we know about ourselves scems the most 
natural and the easiest thing for others to think of us. But 
O'Rourke differed from the mob, inasmuch as_ he knew about him- 
se'fjust that thing which he desired to know, and no other. Heknew 
that he was altogether disinterested in his attachment to the widow. 
Ile knew that he had never given to Angela the faintest cause for the 
absurd jealousy she displayed. lle knew that he had never played 
false with his friend and benefactor, Maskelyne. It is a great thing 
to be able in this fashion to sponge out the past, and to write in a 
new one. One is always wiser after the event than before it, and it 
is pleasant to have an unblotted record. If, as in the case of 
obliterated writing, the old lines showed themselves now and again 
below the new, their return to sight was never permanent. There 
is not one of us who has not practised this art for his own soul’s 
solace at one time or another, and there is not one of us at whom 
the obliterated record does not sometimes flash with a cruel swift- 
ness and clearness of return. Self-love and conscience will have it 
so between them. 

Practice brings a sort of pervection to the efforts of the most 


By DAVID CHRISTIE MURRAY, 


commonplace. But to genius it gives a raarvellous facility, and 
O’Rourke had grown phenomenal. 

Austin was working at his new book with so much ardour that 
there was no drawing him away from it, and his wife would have 
had many lonely hours but for her new acquaintances at the chateau 
at Houfoy. She and Angela had formed a great friendship, and 
Mrs. Spry played a sort of accompaniment to their duet of affection. 
When Lucy visited the chateau she generally had O’Rourke for.an 
escort, and this alone made her visit delightful to the American 
lady. Then, on days when Lucy did not visit Angela, Mrs. Spry 
visited Lucy, because she was quite delighted with her personally, 
and because her husband was so distinguished, and the pretty widow 
did so like to know celebrated people. Thus in one way and 
another the Patriot had the dollars in constant contemplation, and 
the owner of the dollars was constantly meeting the Patriot. She 
was learning to look at him with a growing complacency, and 
©’ Rourke in his own mind was so convinced of this that he lived in 
a charmed patience and content. 

The friendship which was forming between Angela and Lucy was 
of a very different and more deep-rooted sort than that which existed 
between the little American lady and either of them. The married 
yroman had her own experiences to guide her, and she saw that the 
girl was sad at Maskelyne’s prolonged absence. She more than 
guessed, too, that the young American had retired before O'Rourke's 
advances, which had been sufficiently apparent to an observant 
woman, And now that O’Rourke was so plainly paying court to a 
richer woman than Angela, his old friend's wife, who had known 
him for years, and had regarded him with an almost sisterly atfec- 
tion, began to think ill of him, and found it a painful and grievous 
thing to do. 

Before Maskelyne’s departure Angela’s manner to O’Rourke had 
been that of open friendship, and now it was marked by a disdain 
so ill-concealed that, so far as Lucy was concerned, it might as well 
not have been concealed at all. The girl’s mingled sadness and 
anger had been so evident one afternoon, when Lucy and O’Rourke 
had visited the chateau together, that her new friend’s heart grew hot 
with sympathy for her and with indignation at the Patriot, and on 
reaching home she marched straight to her husband’s room, bent on 
an exposure of the case. 

Auotin, who was striding up and down the chamber with a pipe 
in his mouth and a pen in his hand, gave her a mere absent nod as 


» «6 Val Strange,” ‘“ Hearts,” “A Alodel Father,” &%t 


she entered, and by-and-by sat_ down and began to write, with 
frequent rumplings of his hair. Lucy sat in silence for some half- 
hour, and then, rising, stood behind his chair smoothing his disordered 
locks. 

“4h, little woman,” he said brightly, looking up ather. ‘‘ You 
areback again. Wait halfa minute, and [ shall have done for to-day.” 

The half minute lengthened into a quarter of an hour, and his 
wile stood patiently behind him, with her hands upon the back of 
hischair, At last he threw down his pen and arose, still deep in 
thought. He had filled and lit his pipe again, and had taken anew 
to his bear-like prowl about his cage, when he fixed an absent gaze 
upon his wife, and this look of absence gradually giving way to one 
of recognition, he advanced smilingly, and took her by hoth hands. 

“*Well, dear,” he said, cheerfully, ‘‘ what news? Have you 
enjoyed yourself? Where's the Patriot ?” 

“Austin,” returned his wife seriously, ** I want to speak to you.” 

‘Ts there anything the matter? You look quite grave. What is 
it? Sit down, and tell me.” 

“ Austin,” she began with a little air of hesitation, which cleared 
away as she continued, ‘I don’t like the Patriot, as you call him. 
I feel as if he were compromising me.” 

“Don't like O’Rourke?” cried Austin, in surprise, 
promising?” He laughed, but he looked puzzled too. 

«© T do not like him, Austin. Ie is playing a mean part here. I 
am sure of it. And he makes me help him to play it. He has done 
it, until now, but I am so ashamed and unhappy about it that 
he shall never do it any more.” 

“Tell me everything,” said Austin, standing over her with a 
troubled face. ‘* Let me understand.” 

“© You remember young Mr. Maskelyne, the American?” 

Austin nodded. 

“« Did you ever notice him and Angela together?” 

“‘No; not that I remember.” 

“ There was a serious attachment between them, I saw it quite 
clearly from the first. Then came Mr. O’Rourke, and made love to 
his friend’s sweetheart, and I am certain he knew that Mr. Maskelyne 
cared for her.” : 

“Well, well, my dear,” said Austin, laughing  “‘ Let the best 
man win. I should have thought you would have been pleased to 
sce O'Rourke settled. Why, I’ve heard you advise him to marry.” 

“Ves,” she answered, somewhat hotly ; ‘* but J never advised him 


“* Com- 


466 


to he treachcrous toms friend. An:1 thatisn’tall, Austin. Listen. 
Itisno laughing matter. Ife made love to Angela—I watched him 
and I saw it all--until he drove poor Mr. Maskelyne off the field. 
Mr. Maskelyne is shy, and—and chivalric, and he hasn't your 
friend’s charming manners.” ‘ . 

“Well, well, my dear,” said Austin again. 
man win.” A 

“Y wish the better man may win,” said Lucy. ‘ But wait a 
moment, Austin. Young Mr, Maskelyne is no sooner driven off the 
field, and the girl made miserable, than Mr. O’ Rourke comes here 
with this wealthy American widow and—mark this, Austin. Under 
the very nose of the poor girl whose sweetheart he chased away, he 
is making love to Mrs. Spry. He is a fortune-hunter, Ausuin. tHe 
is using me to get near this poor little widow. She’s a dreadful 
simpleton, but she’s a dear litte creature all the same. I own that 
Mr. O’Rourke has delightful manners. He is very clever, and he 
can be very charming. But he is a shameless fortune-hunter, 
Austin, anda fortune-hunter is a creature I despise.” : 

“There are nobler people than the moncey-hunter,” Austin 
allowed, ‘But I hope,” he added, gravely, ‘* that this is not true 
of O'Rourke. I don’t want to think ill of O’Rourke. Be quite sure 
of it before you believe it yourself, or ask me to believe it. Ie 
may have meant nothing in Miss Butler's case, and he may mean 
nothing in the American lady’s. Or he may have been a little 
attracted genuinely by Miss Batler, and a little more attracted by 
the other, It isa fine principle in social morals, as well as in law, 
my dear, that a man should be held innocent until he can be proved 
guilty.” He 

“People are arrested and tried on suspicion,” returned his wi-e, 
‘tin spite of the pretty doctrine that they are innocent. Mr. O* Rourke 
is under arrest on suspicion so far as Tamconcerned, Austin,” she 
flashed out again, ‘1 believe him to be a mean man. Iam sure 
of it.” 

“I should be sorry to believe it,” said Austin, pacing up and 
down the room again, and ruffling his hair, in evident annoyance 
and distress. ‘* Why, my dear, ve known him for years, and he’s 
the very soul of honour, It’s—it’s impossible, Lucy.” 

“T don't say he knew of Mr. Maskelyne’s attachment to Angela, 
though that was plain enough. But I do say that Mr. O’ Rourke 
made decided advances to her, and I do say that now he is making 
decided advances to her friend. Angela positively hates him, and 
Icts him see it, too, so plainly that I wonder he can bear to be 
near her. But he accepts the situation with an impudence that I 
can only find one word for, Austin, —it’s appalling.” 

Austin laughed, but there was no great mirth in his laughter. 

“*My dear,” he said, ‘fyowre a charming little woman, and 
you're a good littke woman, but if you ds make up your mind that 
ivs your duty to dislike anybody, you do it pretty thoroughly, I 
hope it’s no more than a suspicion. And after all, if Maskelyne 
likes Miss Butler, and Miss Butler likes him, he can come back and 
marry her, and both shall have my blessing. And if O’Rourke 
marries the American Jady, why he'll make a very good match of it, 
and she'll have a good husband, a clever, handsome fellow, who, 
with her money behind hin, isas likely as not to land in the Peerage, 
T can’t believe that old O’Rourke’s a rascal. Cheer up, my dear, 
Young Maskelyne shall marry your nice young friend, and O’Rourke 
shall marry the American widow, and as Puck sings : 


Let the best 


Jack shall have Jill, 
Nought shall go ill. 
The man shall have his mare again, and all shall be well.” 
‘© You may laugh if you will, Austin,” said Lucy. ‘I should 
have thought a man of honour would have thought it unbearable to 
discover such baseness in a friend.” 

‘© What, you devastating tempest !”” said Austin, sliding an arm 
about her waist. ‘Am TIT to be swept from the meads of honour 
also?” At this she laughed with an air of vexation, and he kissed 
her. ‘* Look here, my dear,” he said, “ Ul go and have a talk 
about this with O’Kourke himself.” 

‘© Austin!” cried the wife in genuine feminine horror, ‘I 
wouldn’t have you speak of it for the world.” 

“© You'd have me suspect an old friend, and not tell him of it ? 
An odd proposal, isn’t it?” 

“© Tf you tell him of it, tell him yourself, dear—not from me.” 

Ah, I see! I am to observe. Good, 
and buy for me a sombrero and a cloak. 
the art of dissimulation here.” 

* Austin ! you make me angrier than I was. 
to that base man again.” 

“© Now, come,” said Austin ; ‘this is growing serious.” 

Tt had grown so serious that Mrs. Farley absented herself from 
the supper-table that evening, and declined Austin’s entreaties to 
join O’ Rourke and himselfin the little garden afterwards. 

“© You can tell him that T have a head-ache,” said Lucy. Austin 
nodded, and walked straight into his study, where he solemnly set 
down this memorandum :— 

To be observe. Candour andl Veracity, Feminine.” 

Then he descended to the garden, and sat with UO’ Kourke over a 
cup of coffee and a pipe. 

Now, though Mrs. Farley’s suspicions of O'Rourke had fallen 
sud lenly upon her husband, and he had been quite unprepared for 
them, the astute young man himself had seen them growing, and in 
his own mind had prophesied storm for days past. Mars. Farley and 
Angela were close friends ; Angela was enraged against him: Mrs. 
Trarley was day by day growing colder in her manner. A duller 
man than O’ Rourke would have guessed the truth, and he, with his 
quick faculty, had known it all along, fe mistook in one thing 
only, He believed that Angela had complained of him. : 

Altogether, he had a ticklish part to play, and he felt himself 
surrounded by adverse influences. Ife would have liked an 
explanation with Farley, in case he had begun to share his wife’s 
suspicions, for Austin and he were such old friends that he felt 
certain of bringing him to see the baseiessness of the possible 
ch: savzainst him. Outside his books, which in’ their way were 
undoubted!y clever, Austin was a simple-minded, simple-hearted 
sort of fellow, a little soft and sentimental in’ his friendships —a 
good deal readier, for instance, to lend money, than to ask after it 
when lent—the sort of man, in short, whom O'Rourke found it 
evsiest. to manage. The soul of honour, of course. O’ Rourke 
himself had always processed that faith. Everybody did. 

But though he desired to stand well with Farley, he dared not 
yeteven run the risk of an open explosion, Give him the widow, 
and he could haye as many new friends as he chose, and the old 
ones night say what they Liked about him. 

4 In the mean time, Austin was thinking his own thouchts, 
Candour, though a tool likely to rust in the feminine work-bag, is 
samelimes worn a litte too bright by the male, ‘ 
“O'Rourke,” he buted out, ‘what's the matter between vou 
and my wife?” : 

be Ah!” said O'Rourke, as well and as readily as if he had seen 
this bludgeon falling, and had waited to parry it. * You've noticed 
it, have you?) What is it? She’s annoyed with me!” 

“Don't you know?” asked Farley, with a certain brusquerie 
which gave O'Rourke the idea that hé shared his wife's suspicions. 

“Upon my word, I don't,” returmed O’Rourke, with an air of 
perfect candour, “I should like to know. She gave me areal 
snub this afternoon on the way back from Ilouloy. And, you 
know, old man,” he went on, with an air of half-comic "half 
earnest regret, “she and I have always been such friends. Do me 


J meanwhile will practise 


I will never speak 


Go into the village, - 


THE. GRAPHIC 


agood turn, Farley, Find out for me what’s the matter, and [et 
me make my peace.” : 

“You've no idea what it is?” said Austin. 
sound of relief in the tone. 

** Not the remotest in the world.” Ba 

“ Better let it pass, perhaps. It will pass, in all probability. If 
it doesn’t, ask her what's the matter, and she'll tell you. 

“IT meant to ask you about it,” said O’ Rourke, genially, ‘but I 
didn’t like to do so, for fear of sezming to exaggerate the thing. 

Ile felt the situation to be awkward, but he faced it with his usual 
comrage. At the worst he could feign a recall, and could speak in 
haste to the widow before he went. But that was dangerous. It 
would leave her in the field with two women who were against 
him. Ie must take time to think, and must think clearly. “Tf 
Mrs. Farley hasn’t forgiven me by to-morrow morning,” he said, 
rising, and setting both hands on his friend’s shoulders, “rl ask 
her where [’m wrong, and beg her pardon, You and I can’t afford 
to quarrel after all these years, anyhow.” 

Ile rocked Farley to and fro for a little as he spoke, and looked 
at him with a smile so frank and kindly that the novelist rose and 
shook hands with him in a little heat of renewed friendship. a 

“No, no,” he said with a laugh. ‘* You and I won’t quarrel. 


O'Rourke noticed a 


CIIAPTER XXVI. 


ON the morning alter the broken mecting the sun shone with 
uausual brightness. Mr, Zeno arose somewhat later than the lark, 
bat gay and blithe as he, and during the progress of his toilette 
chanted a selection of scraps from the songs of all nations. Mr. 
Zeno, as belitted a man of his provession, was of an unconquerable 
hopefulness. His scheme of yesterday had failed, notwithstanding 
that it had seemed delightfully simple and certain ; and so far he 
had not even hit upon another. Yet he was cheerlul and of gooil 
heart, for he had at least achieved a triumph in becoming familiar 
with Dobroski. ‘The enjoyment of that triumph was full of danger, 
but then Mr. Zeno was paid to be in danger, and within certain 
limits was fond of risking his skin in pursuit of his profession. In 
matters of taste there is no disputing, and whilst to the majority of 
men the flavour of danger is nauseous when it is tasted in coul 
blood, there are some to whom it is actually pleasing. Zeno was 
of the latter class, and he was ambitious, and had high hope that he 
might one day take the command of that host of rascals amongst 
whom he was as yet no more than a lieutenant. 

Attired in a frock coat, a glossy silk hat, spotless linen, and 
shining boots of patent leather, he looked eminently respectable as 
he emerged upon the street, and took his way along the sunshiny 
side of the road to his customary restaurant. Having fortified 
himself by an excellent meal and a small bottle of light white wine, 
he paid his bill, drew on his gloves, lit a cigar, examined with some 
interest in one of the mirrors with which the place was lined the 
growth of a moustache of stubbly red, and then sauntered away 
into the sunny streets again, still humming scraps of tunes. 

In a little while he hailed an omnibus, and climbing to the roof, 
hummed and smiled all the way to one of the gates of the Regent’s 
Park, where he aligited, and strolled like a gentleman at large into 
the refreshing expanse of green. Here he encountered Mr, I’rost, 
who was also eminently respectable in aspect, though sad of 
countenance, 

“Why, hillo!” cried Zeno in his slightly marked fore'gn way. 
“Who would have thought to see you here? Low do you do?” 

“Villo!” said Frost. ‘* low are you?” 

Mr. Zeno’s gay surprise was intended for the benefit of a passer- 
by. It was his creed never to neglect a precaution, and near at 
hand was a man who had mounted the omnibus after him, and had 
alighted at the same point. 

“Why, [ve got a lot of things to say to you,” he cried, with a 
genial careless loudness which could only belong to an unsuspicious, 
open-hearted fellow who had nothing to conceal. ‘* Come along. 
Let us have a good long talk together.” 

The man whe had travelled with Zeno strolled by; and Frost, 
obeying the pressure of his companion’s arm, strolled in the oppo- 
site direction, There were but few people in sight, and the two 
associates were as private as if they had been lock d in a police-cell 
together. 

**T don’t like the game you’re playing,” said Trost, after a little 
time of silence. ‘* IT haven't closed an eye all night. Seems to me 
Vm running into danger all ways.” * Zeno turned to smile at him, 
but said nothing. Oh ! you can grin,” said the other, irritated by 
the smile and the silence—‘‘ you can grin, but VIL be hanged if [ 
can” 

“Ah!” said Zeno, smiling still, and hugging his companion’s 
arm, ‘how one pities the poor Frost, who cannot grin, and cannot 
sleep of nights, and is running all the ways at once into danger ! 
Come, then, he shall be taken out of danger.” 

“Y wish he might be,” returned Irost, with a sulky air. 

“TIe shall be,” said Zeno. We will go by-and-by and make 
acall upon our dear friend and leader, Mr. Dobroski, and we will 
make complete submission to him, and admire his patriousm and 
his humanity, and swear to live an.l cie for him, and then we shall 
be safe, shall we not?” 

“If we do exactly the opposite,” Frost answered, scowling for 
an instant at his commander, and then evading his smile. ‘“ If we 
go to Sullivan, and swear to live and die with him, we shall both 
be a little safer.” 

“ What a sensible Frost it is!” cried Zeno, hugging affectionately 
at hisarn., ‘*Suppose we go and swear to live and die with both 
of them! Frost gave another shifty giance at him, and walked on 
scowling, Eh,” said Zeno, brightly and conversationally, * will 
that suit you better?) It is precisely what Tam going to do for my 
own part.” 

“*P'm not aid of the Dobroski lot,” said Frost; “but the 
other crowd is dangerous, Iet me tell you. As for Dobroski, he’s 
neither more nor less than a fool, Sullivan's another sort of goods 
altogether. Ife’s as cruel and as cunning as the Devil.” 

“Very well. Very well. Very well,” returned Zeno.  “ IIe 
shall be as cunning as he likes, and we will be as cunning as we 
cane Eh? We will go anil see Dobroski first, and will swear to 
live and die with him. Eh?) Then we will go and see Sullivan.” 

“Phat isn’t vy platform,” declared Frost. 

Your platform?” said Zeno with more gaicty than ever. 
Your platform has a piece that hangs upon a hinge and is sup- 
ported by a bolt. There is a beam above it, and round the beam is 
a rope. You will be good, my dear Frost, and will do what I tell 
you. You will go to Dobreski, because your orders are to he 
deferent and enthusiastic to that nice gentleman, and because I ask 
you as a personal favour. You will go to the other man because 
we are not safe unless we go, for, as you say, the o.her man is 
dangerous.” 

“Suppose we are watched,” said Frost, stopping short, “ And 
it’s Hkelier than not that we are. Suppose we are seen to enter 
Dobroski's house and known to be talking with him?” 

“ Suppose we open our conversation with Sullivan by telling him 
we have just left Dobroski—that his proposals are simply absurd, 
and that we cannot entertain them ?” 

And how long do you think you're going to play that double 
game ?” 

“Suppose that in my capacity of attached friend to Dobroski, 
countryman to Dobroski, trusted entirely Ly Dobroski, I depute 
myself to watch him for the other side? Suppose, again, that being 


Oct. 24, 1883 


enthusiastic for Dobroski ” Zeno’s smile was a stay in villany 
and craft **f volunteer in his behalf to watch the others, and 
to know their schemes, and to warn him if he should be in 
danger?” 

‘* Well,” said Frost.  ‘* What's my share?” 

“You are entirely devoted to Dobroski,” said Zeno with his 
constant smile, ‘‘You are as devoted as Tam. But you are also 
devoted to the others who know you better. You will be a little 
suspicious and careful about me, and you will watch me if you 
please whilst | watch Dobroski. You will report to your old friends 
whatever conversations I have with Dobroski, and you and I 
will arrange the reports together so that they shall be nice and 
accurate.” 

Mr. Zeno emphasised this programme by facetious thrusts at his 
companion’s waistcoat with a gloved forefinger, and accompanied it 
by a beaming smile. 

© Phey’ll nail us at it, 
to nail us at it.” 

Ah !? returned Zeno cheerfully. 
nail us at it.” 

**Couldn’t we split the thing ?” demanded Frost. 
stick on with the old lot, and you——” 

“Ye found in your nasty, dirty, muddy Thames? 
friend, no. Let us work together, my good Frost. [t will be so 
much pleastnter, Oh, ever so muca pleasanter. And --do you not 
see 2—working together, whilst you watch me for Mr. Sullivan L can 
watch you lor myself See how nice that will be.” 

Frost gave way with a groan. 

“Pecan see what vou want the old one for,” he said wearily. 
“TLe’s been playing od gooseberry with the Caar and all his family 
arranzements ever since [leit the cradle. But f don't know what 
the other lot have got to do with you, unless you’re on for Scotiand 
Yard as well.” 

“Now you are curious again!” cried Zeno, taking his com- 
panion’s arm once more. He had relinquished it fora minute or 
two, and now he squeezed it more affectionately than ever. “ L 
know what I want with the other lot. Let that be enough for both, 
dear Frost. And now shall we go and swear to live and die with 
Dobroski? Eh?” 

The smaller rascal assenting, though with an evil grace, they 
walked towards Dobroski’s lodging, which was but half a mile 
distant, Zeno renewed his gay litle snatches of song, and Frost's 
furtive eyes were everywhere as they went. The old anarchist was 
at home, and they were at once admitted to his presence. His usual 
air of mournful fatigue was more than commonly noticeable as he 
rose to welcome his visitors, : 

*¢ After what happened last night, dew sir,” said Zeno, when the 
greetings were over, “f thought Eeould not do less than wait upon 
you. But first I saw my friend, Mr. Frost. I believe I have more 
than half convinced him of the justice of the side you take. In 
fact,” smiling at Frost, ff think I may say he is almost altogether 
converted to your side. But the wrongs that are done daily excite 
him. He longs for an immediate result. [have preached patience 
in my own way, and [ think we can extract from him now a promise 
that he will abide by your commandment.” 

“Thank you, Vroblewsko4,” said Dobroski, brightening some- 
what. ‘*I thank you also, Mr. Frost. If you are willing to listen 
to any words of mine, LT would counsel patience, I will not speak 
of moral questions, for there are times when we must be a law unto 
ourselves. But I will ask you to look at the prudential aspect of the 
case. We want the people with us in our fight for liberty, and the 
way to win them is not to alarm them, to mutilate them, to scatter 
fire and death amongst them. A man will not give his good will to 
him who causes him to live in terror, Before this fight of ours can 
be won many will die by sword ant fire, and to many the cause of 
tyranny looks righteous. There are things which it is not easy to 
understand, and this is one of them. “Tyrants will claim) their 
sacrilices.and the sacrifices will be paid. Vhis is inevitable sand it 
is useless to say that we dread bloodshed. God has so ordained it 
that all liberties have been gained ar the sacrifice of human live, and 
eyen yet we see no escape from that ordinance. But the stronger we 
can make ourselves, the fewer are the lives which will be lost. Let 
us win the people wherever we can, And do not think, sir, that 
national hatreds, however strong, will ratify the deeds we speak of 
Ic is the national aspiration --it is the living hope and faith of her 
people that Ireland one day will be free. But it is not a proad 
thing for a patriot to know that those who profess to have his cause 
at heart, who provlaim to the world at large that they represent his 
cause, slay innocence from the dark and amaze the world with pur- 
poseless and wanton horror. There are thousands of men in 
Treland —I_ know this from the men most qualified to speak for them 
—thousands of Irishmen in America, who will be ready ia their 
day, who shrink from and disclaim these butcheries, or blush for the 
futile bluster and loud noise of bloodless violence.” 

‘This speech, for all the oratorical turns with which it was 
embellished, was delivered with a weary quictude, Zeno sat like 
one enwrapt, and was almost as elo juently receptive in’ his silence 
as O’ Rourke himself could have been. Frost holding his glossy hat 
in both hands by the brim, and suspending it between his knees, 
explored the maker's mame and the carpet alternately with his 
shifty eyes. There was silence for a ditle while, and then Zeno 
spoke. « 

“Well, Mr. Frost?” lis voice was hushed a little from its 
common tone.  ‘ What do you say ?” 

Frost darted a single glance at him, and went back to the scrutiny 
of the hatter’s name. 

“Tsay,” returned Frost, that My. Dobroski is more exper’enced 
than we are, and that his voice o1ght to carry weight in our councils, 
Tsay that if we are to win we must stick together, aid if there must 
bea spiit—and it seems there must be—the wise men will throw in 
their allegiance oa the side of their tried leaders.” Here he gave 
another lurking glance at Zeno. © On the side,” he added, ‘tof 
authority and experience.” 

“You declare then,” cried Zeno, ina tone of triumph, ‘for Mr. 
Dobroski.” 

*T declare for Mr. Dobroshi,” said Mros', without looking up. 
“ Unreservedly.” 

“T thank you, sir,’ sail Dobroski, extending to him a hand, 
which Frost did) not see until Zeno nadgel him, when he took it 
with a shaine-faced alnerity, 

“Phere are others Edo not despair of” said the beaming Zeno, 
rubbing his hands.  * They must be approached. But there is one 
thing,” lowering his votive, and looking round hin as he spoke 
“Phere are some amongst our tite friends who will be dangerous. 
To you, sir’ Dobroski smiled.‘ But, ves,” said Zeno eagerly ; 
“Ves, yes, dear sin’ Tbe hurried on rapidly in) Potish, as if the 
urgeney of his interest in Dobroski drove him to find expression in 
his native tongue. “ They must be watched. Indeed, dear sir, in 
Urs you must be guided, We must: practise a Ptle duplicity, [tis 
regrettable, but Eeannot help myseli IT shall rejcin their councils, 
oierine always such arguments as you yourself would bring, or as 
you may give me for special cases. And since many of then are 
hind enough, and fools enough, to be suspicious of your good faith, I, 
dear sir, shath undertake to wateh you for their side. [shall be able 
thus to watch them, and yet to be in constant intercourse with you.” 

“That may be as vou will,” said the old) man, with his nelan- 
choly smile. ** Tt will give at Teast one reasonable voice to their 
deliberations. But the position will be a didicult one to hold.” 

“Ah, sir,” cried Zeno, “a little labour—a little difficulty—a little 
danger. What are these?” 


5) 


said Frost mournfully. * They’re bound 
© Bat we will not let them 
Couldn't I 


No, dear 


Oct. 24, 1885 


in the presence of comrades who talked in a foreign lan- 


Trost, 
lle was so conscious of the uses he 


was uncomfortable, 


uae, 
Quag rel e i 
himself could put a forcign language to in the presence of people 


who did not understand it, that it came natural to suspect others. 

+ You will trust me, dear sir,” said Zeno, in English.  ‘* Will 
you not?” 

Dobrogki gave him his hand, and looked him in the face. Mr. 
Zeno reurned the glance and the pressure of the hand with an 
inselence of self-possession that would have been creditable to 
Judas. 
cou will not sce me for a little while,” said the oid man.“ I 
am going to the Continent again for a few days. The events of last 
night make it necessary that I should consult with Mr. O’Rourke. I 
willadvise you of my return, In the mean time you may do some- 
thing to restrain the violence of our friends.” 

“eT will try, dear sir,” said Zeno, reverentially, and with that he 
and Frost went away, 

*¢What were you talking about when you started that forcign 
lingo?” Frost asked, when they had reached the street. Mr. Zeno 
nslated pretty faithfully, but Frost shook his head at the transla- 


tr 

tion. ‘You're a lot too clever for me, you are,” he muttered 
P Psa . ; 

erumblingly. “ J’ye scen snakes in my time, but | never saw your 

egual.” 


“Thank you, dear Frost,” cried Zeno, pinching him in a jocose 
and amicable way. ‘* You make me proud.” 
I 
(Zo be continzed) 


Tue third and fourth volumes of the ‘Memoirs of Karoline 
Bauer” (Remington and Co,) will scarcely be read with so much 
interest as the others. There is nothing in them which appeals to 
English readers so directly as the story of the curious guas?-conjugal 
relations between the young actress and Prince Leopold of Saxe- 
Coburg, afterwards first King of the Belgians. And there is nothing 
quite so good as literature, or so startling as studies of character, as 
Karoline Bauer’s revenge‘ul and contemptuous criticism of 
Prince Leopold and Baron Steckmar. If, however, these 
volumes are not quite so interesting as the others on account 
of the absence from their pages of these two men, so well known 
and respected in England, they yet abound in interest for all 
who care for bright gossip abont royal and other eminent. persons 
of the middle of the century; for the records of theatrical 
jealousies, triumphs, and disappointments; for the semi-senti- 
mental monalisings of a warm-hearted, clever, and shallow woman, 
The third volume opens in July, 1830, with the return of Karoline 
and her mother to Germany from England after the rupture of her 
relations with Prince Leopold. Poor Karoline was much disgusted 
and distressed at the termination of this aflair and indeed she 
appears to have been hardly used, She brave'y determined to 
again appear upon the stage ; but, thinking her story too well known 
in Germany, she applied for, and obtained, an engagement at St. 
Petersburg. ‘There she enjeyed a happy season 3 being received at 
the Court of the Emperor Nicholas, and living again the exciting 
life of the theatre. A‘icr some time Karoline ventured back to 
Germany ; and there she met many more or less eminent persons, 
whom she describes according to her insight. ‘The death of her 
mother was a heavy blow to ber, and from that time her lie 
declined into wretchedness — ‘wrecked in vanity and scltishness 
from want of moral basis and moral strength,” says the moralising 
and anonymous editor. She lived in Switzerfand for thirty-three years 
as the so-catled wife of a haughty, unsympathetic, and parsimonious 
Pole—one Count Plater; and then, cn the evening of the Sth of 
Oetcber, 1877, she tcok an over-dose of chloral, and thus ended 
her foolish, careless, passionate lie. Karoline Bauer was generous 
and warm-hearted ; and if these ** Memoirs” really came from her 
penas they are here published, they show her to be a woman of 
shrewdness and observation. ‘here is a buoyancy about her, a 
display of healthy animal spirits, which is captivating. She lived 
fa-t, was sorely tempted, and suficred much. 

“No social history of the Court of Charles IT. has heretofore 
Leen written,” says Mr. J. Fitzgerald Molloy in his preface to 
* Koyalty Restored 5 or, London uncer Charles U1.” (2 vols : Ward. 
and Downey). It appeared to Mr. Molloy that there ought to be 
sich a history ; so aiter a general ransacking of all authorities on 
the period from Carrion” Heath upwards he found sufficient 
material for these two volumes, It is scarcely correct to call such 
a performance as this history. It is rather a series of pictures, 
Jiut the pictures are carefully drawn, well composed, and correct in 
all details. Mr. Molloy writes pleasantly, and his book is thoroughly 
entertaining. Ile begins with the death of Cromwell, and ends 
with the death of Charles, Of the Protector, Mr. Molloy thinks 
little ; and he declares that immorality was rife among the Puritans 
before the Restoration. About three-quarters of the book are 
pied with accounts of Charles’s licentiousness (‘¢ gallantry,” 
Molloy calls it) ; and the reader now and then tires a litle of 
noble story of the King’s favourites, and the endless Court 
imtvgues, But ‘Mr. Molloy gives other pictures now and then ; 
notably two graphic chapters, on the Plague and the Fire, and 
her on ‘Titus Oates and his plot. The author probably would 
“telaim for his book any high position as 2 work of research, Tut 
ie who have a stout appetite for ‘eandals in high life” will be 
iently amused by turning these pages. 

“That Very Mab * (Longmans), is one of the pleasantest books 
we have read for a long time, The anonymous author has culture, 
Fumour, and style; and with these qualities a man may SO far. 
Jn this hook, however, the theme is not very lofty. (Queen Mab, 
lanished ‘rom England long ago by the Puritans, went to live in 
Volyne-ia, whence she returns to visit England, and fo see what 
changes have taken place in her Jong absence. Phe birds welcome 
her warmly, and accompanied by an owl she flies from place to 
piace; listens, observes, and comments. This plearant fancy 
enables the author to give us his views of things 1p general, and 
these views are delightlully impartial and cheerily es nical. Theo- 
Jogians, Democrats and Poets, Positivists, and Esoteric Buddhists, 
manufacturers and dynamiters, all receive gentle cuts of saure. 
Some of the points are very neatly qraches and the interview between 
the professor, the theologian, and the poet, i which the theologian 
shows the pro’essor how to construct the “equilateral triangle ofa 
scientific religion on the line PP. R.S.,7 is full of dainty fun, By LEY 
the book will be read with unusual pleasure. ¢ AloofMmess ” (to 
horrew a word from George Efiot) from all current enthusiasms is 
indeed an attitude now frequently assumed by persons of culture 
who have read, and thought, and lived 3 du, in the case of the 
author of “That Very Mab,” ‘aloofness? Gous Nel the least 
signify want of interest. e-sitnae tana 

Perhaps the most amazing of all those rymances OF the uture 0 
which we have now had more than enough is “The Nihilist 
Napoleon,” by Messrs. ]. Harris Stone and Vercy Carter (Alarcus 


3 oy. eae. 
Ward and Co.) The book tells how 2 Nihilist whese moustache 


twitched unpleasantly made himself master ol Russia, killed sa ts za, 
and proceeded to conquer Germany, Ausina, America, Tha ys nis 
being in all cases aided by the exasperated proletariat, wl wy Were Cager 
to vise against their rich oppressors. The fury of this Nihilist Napoleon 


ft) 


wes is 


THE GRAPHIG 


(who adopts the signature ‘666 ”) is particularly directed against a 
son and daughter of his former employer, and the extraordinary 
adventures of these young people and others in escaping from $606” 
form the greater part of the story. Ultimately ‘666 has his face 
smashed in by the butt end of a rifle, and everything subsides. 

Certain curious crudenesses of style will often cause the reader to 
laugh when the authors do not intend to produce any such effect. 
The book is quite preposterous 3 yet it is distinctly amusing. 

: ‘Eminent Doctors ; Their Lives and Their Work,” by G. T. 
Bettany (2 vo's.: John Iogg), is a praiseworthy work. It covers 
ground which has not been covered before, and presents to the 
reading public a complete picture of the achievements of medical 
science in England from Linacre to the present day. There is no 
reason why the book should not become widely popular. It is in 
the form of biographies of the various eminent surgeons and phy- 
sicians, and the particular discovery associated wih each name is 
stated plainly in non-technical language. ‘‘ Harvey and the Circu- 
lation of the Blood,” ** Jenner and Vaccination,” ‘Sir Charles 

Bell, and the Functions of the Nervous System,” ‘* Sir James 
Simpson and Anasthetics,” “Sir Joseph Lister and Antiseptic 
Surgery ?—these are some of the most interesting chapters. Mr. 
Bettany brings his record down to the present day, and includes the 
lives and work of several living physicians. 

“Les Chers Voisins” (Calmann Levy, 3, Rue Auber, Paris). M, 
Max O'Rell's last book is: certainly not so amusing or such light 
reading as his previcus works on England and the English ; but, on 
the other hand, it is distinctly more sober, and is very well worth 
persual. In this velume he deals with the differences in character 
and temperament of the two peoples as a whole. ‘Fhe author’s 
admirat.on of the liberty of the subject as evinced both in the British 
schoolhoy and the unmarried girls is warmly expressed, and con- 
trasted with the close superintendence which is exercised over the 
youth of hoth sexes in France. Not, however, that in his compari- 
sons M. Max ©’ Rell always pronounces for the Briton, as he satirises 
unsparingly the Tlouse of Lords and the Anglican worship of the 
Golden Calf, and laughs cynically at the typical British citizen who 
on Sunday declares himself to he a miserable sinner, and outside his 
place of worship sets up for a prodizy of virtue. Nevertheless, a 
kindly tone pervades the whole of the work. Some of lis comments 
may scent far-fetched,. but his genial appeal to both nations to 
acknowledge each other’s good points while overlooking each other's 
failings cannot but-awake a sym] athetic response in the mind of 
every unbiassed “reader, “france,” he cries, ‘* sould never 
pardon a French Gabinét for having alienated the sympathies of the 
freest peorle in the world in order to throw her into the arms of her 
most implacable enemy, England defeated us at Waterloa, but she 
did not humiliate us. We ean sul love her. Germany hamiiated 
usin 1870, and for tis reason we can never forgive her. France is 
only pitiless in her hatred towards those who have degraded her.” 

The Tiird, Fourth, and Frith Standard * Oriel Readers” of 
Messrs. Marcus Ward and Co. deserve much praise. ‘The selections 
are wel made, the illustrations are good, and the type possess a 
feature as essential for young eyes as for those of their seniors —per- 
fect clearness and legibility, Messrs. Blackwood's ‘sixth Standard 
Reader” is deserving of the same praise, but a curious tone of melan- 
choly pervades the selections, excellent as they are from a literary 
poiat of view; and we think that the extract from ‘ John Ingle- 
sant,” ‘€Straford’s Ghost,” with its accompanying illustration, 
would be far from prudent reading for a nervous child. 

Mr. Joseph Jacobs in ‘The Jewish Question, 1875-1834 ” 
(Tritbner) gives a ‘*)ibliographical hand-list of all the books 
published on the subject in Europe and America. Ile has cata- 
Ingued 1,230 items, of which 417 are Press notices (he has named 
all the contributions to the Z¥mes, but only a few from other 
papers); and he has ‘aimed at relative completeness because the 
only notice that most of the werks deserve is that of being 
included:in some such bibliography.” One naturally asks, Why 
tabulate them then? And one quite agrees with Mr. Jacobs that 
the “ over-eagerness of the Jews to defend themselves added fuel to 
the fire at which they were being roasted.” Mr, Jacobs's motto is 
Renan’s dictum that the enemies of Judaism are for the most part 
the foes of esprit moderne ; it is curious to find him quoting the 
remarks of the jury at the famous trial in ‘ Pilgrim's Progress.” 

We have received from Mr. LL. K. Lewis two handy little volumes, 
the one being ‘f Ambulance Lectures + Kirst Aid to the Injured,” the 
other, “ Ambulance Lectures on llome Nursing and Iiygiene.” 
Thev are both by Mr. Samucl Osborn, F. R.CS., and give compactly 
aud in small space information as us ful in the home as in the 
hospital. Mr. Osborn’s numerous official positions, apart from 
internal evidence in these works themselves, give authority to his 
advice. The diagrams, by Mr. Gilbert Thomas, which illustrate the 
lectures, are admirable in their way, and serve still further to enhance 
the great merits of these useful manuals. 

My. Albert E. Fradelle sends us a large portrait of Mr. Robert 

Srowning. It is produced by a mezzo-tint process, which Mr. 
Fradelle is now applying very successfully to photographic 
portraiture. 


2 


——__-_-> 
WALNUTS 


Excerr in the ‘tdead” of winter most gouths of the year, 
botanically, floriculturally, or horticullurally, have some special 
fruits or flowers which impart a characteristic to them. October is 
the ‘walnut month 3”? but as with other nuts which are prematurely 
gathered and solc in London and clsewhere in early September 
if s are matured, so it is with walnuts, which for 


before the kernels 1 | 
many weeks are exposed for sale before they are ripe. ‘The great 


bulk of the unripe walnuts offered to the public in September 
are from France and belgium, whence they are sent im 
their tight fitting green “jackets.” In order to free the 


are covered in heaps with wet cloths, 
ermentation or ** working,” as it is called in the 
skins to decompose and crack. The kernels of 
ius treated are littie better than those of the kiln- 
srev.ous season, Which are well soaked in water 
and sold in the strects, and sometimes in the shops, as fresh fruit 
when walnuts are supposed to come in, ‘The ‘fcosters” generally 
have a few unjacketed green walnuts on. their barrows as a bait to 
the unwary public, and sometimes stain their hagers to suggest that 
the whole heap has been shelled by them. ; But the public itscll is to 
a great extent to blame for these and similar frauds hy insisting on 
having fruit and other comestibles “early.” Strawberries and green 
peas are all very wellin their way 


nuts from these they 
which set up a 

trade, causing the 
the foreign fiuit t 
cried mus of the 


at Christmas i. Apicius and Co. like 


time and money for producing them under glass 3 but 


to expend the 
OUXpe English 


the cai g of immature fruit is a waste of good things. 
walnuts are superior to Continental ones in flavour, and they are at 
their best about the middle of this month. 
The walnut is found in many countries far apart. There are 
several varieties in North Saverica 5 the West India Islands. pro- 
Caucasus another. ‘Phe Juglans regia is the 
ultivated ie this country, and is said to 
have come originally from Persia and the Levant, and was probably 
brought to Briain by the homans, | The botanical hame al | uglans 
(order Jughandacew) iS a contraction of Joris gears, Ze, the ‘nut 
of Jupiter,” a complimentary litle given to it by the Romans on 
: of its excellent edible qualities. But etymologists still 
disputz over the \vord “walnut: some maintaining that it isa corrp- 
tion of ** Gea/ nut,” a name given to it because, as alleged, it came 
to us from France 3 while ethers refer it to the Anglo-Saxon J} va/h- 
Ruut, .é., 0 Welsh” or “foreign > nut, which form of the word 


duce one, and the 
variety most exicnsively ¢ 


account 


“467 


is found, with modifications, in other old Continental languages. 
At all evens, it dogs not seem to have any connection with the 
word ‘ wall.” 

The walnut makes a fairly good forest trce of an ornamental 
character, and flourishes better in the South than in the North of 
England, heing rather susceptible, especially in its younger stages, 
of frost, which killed a large number in the famous winter of 
1859-60, ‘There are many fine specimens in the reighbourhood of 
London ; and in the grounds of old manor houses fursher afield 
they may be found of the height of seventy tect or more, with a trunk 
girth of over eight, There is a record of a famous tree in the 
pretty village of Welwyn, in Hertfordshire, which covered seventy- 
six poles of ground—an area of over two thousand square yards. 
When cut down in 1627 it is said to have yielded nineteen loads of 
planks and thirty loads of branches and roots. ‘Lhere is anotable tree 
in the Crimea, near Balaclava, reputed to be a thousand years old, 
which produces for five ‘Vartar families, its proprietors, a yearly 
average of eighty thousand nuts, and sometimes as many as a 
hundred thousand in one season. The productiveness of a walnut- 
tree generally increases with its age and size. In this country 
Surrey has long had the reputation for producing the best walnuts. 
“For nuts,” the old saying is, ‘try Kent ; for walnuts, Surrey.” 
Teddington Park once abounded with fine trees, and old Fuller, 
writing of these and the trout stream which ran among them in 
1660, says that it was ‘‘As if Nature had there observed the rule 
of physic—/st pisces, nuces (after fish, nuts).” Great quantities of 
these used to be sold at Croydon October Fair, and fine thin-shelled 
walnuts are still called ‘ Beddingtons.” Walnut-tree avenues, so 
well known to travellers along the roads in Northern Europe, 
would Le welcome in many districts in England ; but the walnut is 
a slow-srowing tree, and aman must be unselfish and be able to 
harden to his heart to plant one on the principle, Se arbores, gue 
alteri wtati prosint— Ve plants trees to profit future generations.” 
Still, slow growing as it is, there is no truth in the saying 
that no one lives to see the fruit of a walnut-tree he has 
planted. ‘Ihe writer of this article planted two in 1860, and 
gathered some dozens of nuts from them before 1870. Another 
erroneous b-Jief as regards the walnut tree has been disseminated 
by the well-known lines : — 

A spaniel, a wife, and a walnut-tree— 

The more you thrash them the better they'll be. 
Whatever may be the efficacy of the application of the stick to 
spaniel or spouse, it is ridiculous to suppose that a walnut-tree 
is likely to produce more fruit after maiming its branches and 
destroying a whole host of next season’s buds. ** Phe thrashing ” it 
often gets arses to a great extent from necessity, as there is a 
difficulty in getting the fruit either by means of climbing or by aid 
of ladders, . The simplest way to gather the nut harvest is to wait 
till it falls on the ground gradually, and thus you get a supply of 
really ripe and fresh walnuts de ave 72 diem. 

Among ‘‘ holy” trees there was, generations ago, a notable 
walnut-tree in the grounds of Glastonbury Abbey, a sort of com- 
panion to the Holy Thorn of St. Joseph of Arimathxa. It was 
considered a miraculous tree Lecause ‘it never budded forth before 
the Feast of St. Barnabas, which is on the rith of June, and on 
that day shot out leaves and flourished then as much as others of 
that kind.” Dr. James Montague, Lishop of Bath and Wells in 
ihe time of James I., was so wonderfully impressed with the extra- 
ordinary character of the hoty thorn and this walnut-tree, that he 
thought a branch of each worthy the acceptance of the King’s 
Consort. But, after all, the well-known principle of Nee 
Deus intersit, Ke is applicable; as the variety of walnut 
known as the ‘St. Jean” does not show leaf till the middle of 
June. Probably ‘* that wonderful walnut-tree, at Glastonbury, 
that blowed on St. Barnaby’s Day,” was one of these. 

The uses to which the walnut-tree has been or is put are almost 
numberless. Cabinet firniture and the best gun-stocks are made 
from its wood, that of the /eglazs nigra, which mostly comes from 
America, being beautifuily grained, and taking a high polish, The 
green young Iruit is to be found in almost every household as one of 
the most excellent of our pickles; a valuable dye of a deep brown 
or olive green is made from both the leaves auc fruit ; and gastrono- 
mists tell us that no oil is equal to walnut oil for’culinary purposes, 
and artists that no oil is so good for mixing with colours or dres $0 
quickly. A French professor tells us that the juice and odour of 
walnut leaves are “sovereign” against insects of the least agreeable 
kind, and that the English use a decoction of them (the leaves, not 
the insects) for rabbing on their hair (rhevern), but probably he 
means their horses (c#evarx), in order to keep away the flies. Dr. 
Luton, of Rheims, says the decoction gives new strength to con- 
sumptive patients, Warts on horses? legs and human han .s may be 
removed by its use. But these alleged therapeutic virtues are 
counterbalanced by some noxious influcnces associated with the tree. 
There is still a tradition in France and elsewhere that to repose 
under its shadow is dangerous, and likely to bring about what the 
ancient prophet scemed to wish for when he laid him down and slept 
under a “juniper” tree. One learned writer alleges that the cold 
shade of the tree gives rheumatism ; another that it is the cause of 
fevers ; while a third holds that it stupefies and deatens the energies 


of the brain. i 


One thing at least is pretty certain, that walnuts are 
as indigestible as they are most agreeable eating ; and some foreign 
authorities go so far as to say that an undue indulgence in them may 
be fatal. : 

But, whatever may be the uses of the walnut-tree and its fruit, 
the latter has a most pleasant social influence, and the ‘‘after- 
dinner talk across the walnuts and the wine” has a special charm, 
and a kind of knitting-together power like that exercised by the 
cigar and pipe. The cracking and peeling of the nuts seem to put 
every one at their ease, and social chat dows evenly and pleasanuy, 
especially when the children’s nimble fingers are also busy in 
preparing the ‘quarters ” for their elders who have not the gift 
of pecling quickly enough for themselves. No one need be ashamed, 
even though he be a connoisseur of dry wine, to own that he enjoys 
a glass of some fruity vintage with his walnuts at this time of year, 
which so often gives us the happy combination of summer days and 
winter evenings. JslerOLs 


—_—___—>___—— 


A HIGHLAND MORNING 


BREAKFAST is over—a Highland breakfast. Full justice has 
been done to the pleasant porridge and warm creamy inilk, the fresh 
herrings that were alive in Loch Fyne a few hours ago, salmon from 
the splash-nets at Eriska, fragrant cofive, ‘excellent home-made 
scones, and rich butter, tasting of the cloverfield. The day is 
superb, and no one will spend more of it indoors than he can help 
besides, the boat will be almost afluat now, and it will take a little 
time to bale her out. Bring the lines, then, with their gaudy red 
and yellow flies—it may be that a mackerel or two are to be caught 
in the loch; a novel of William Black's, $* The Princess of Thale a 
or * Macleod of Dares” and a pocketful of good cigars, It is 
hardly nine o'clock, yet the sun is dazzling and hot in the doorway. 
There is just enough air moving to bring up the fresh smell of the 
seaweed surred by the rising tide. The white sandy ruad is almost 
dry again after the rain which kas fallen in. the night, and as the 
kine, after their morning ailking, are turned into the cloverfield 
alongside, the foremost will hardly move from the gate to allow the 
others to pass, but bury their muzzles at once in the fresh, wet grass. 
The sea is flashing and sparkling in the morning sunshine, and on 
the dark Kingairloch Mountains opposite here and there the silver 


a 


468 


THE GRAPHIC 


Oct. 24, 1885 


 QOEST. HOY BY 
OMEN VIQYS EAT 
SH! 


AgIE | 


Tr OLY 


i} 


THE CHANCEL, SHOWING SHAKESPEARE’S TOMB 


THE REPAIR) AND PRESERVATION OF HOLY 


TRINITY CHURCH, 


STRATFORD - UPON - AVON 


THE GRAPHIC 


“i yy 
Thee 


( 


as 


4. Dionea Muscipula (Fly Catcher) 


3. General View of the Garden 


WEYBRIDGE 


. The Lilies in the Wood 


A WILD GARDEN AT 


The Edelweiss and the Sarracenia Drummondi (Pitcher Plant) 2 


I, 


479 


streak of a torrent still shows the effects of the morning shower. 
Jlow quict it all is! The sound of the oars in the rowlocks of the 
buat out yonder can be distinctly heard, and the Icisurely move- 
ments of tue horse and cart going down the road a quarter of a mile 
away are quite distinguishable. ‘The driver is Alister. IIe is 
whistling now ; the tune is ‘f Haro Ma Nean.” The last mists are 
leaving the mountain ‘sides, and everything promises that this 
will be a hot day. Even the soft white clouds far up 
jn the sky are every moment. growing fainter, and already 
there is the thin shimmer of heat ascending from the dry 
stone dyke beside the road, The brambles on the other side 
of the dry, grassy ditch show profuse clusters of bright red fruit, but 
there are no ripe berries to Le seen—the children pluck them long 
be‘ore they are black, A small blue butterlly flickers across the 
road, and, rising at the dyke, is lost in a moment against the 
blue of the sky; while a silent humble-bee comes along. alights on 
the last empty bell of a seeded foxglove, and immediately tumbles 
out again disgusted, to continue his researches further on, Over the 
hedge there, on the other side of the road, the oats seem yellow 
enough to cut, and among them there are st:ll in flower a few yellow 
Marguerites. ‘Ihe hill beyond is purple yet with the heather, 
althouch its full bloom is past. Here and there plants of it are 
flowering close to the dyke by the roadside. It is the small sort, 
the kind the bees frequent, for they can get into it,—the bell 
heather flowers earlier, and is over now. Yonder is the ferry boat 
coming back from Lismore, where the party of artists who are 
staying at theinn have gone tosketch ; the boatman is heading towards 
the south, for the tide is mmning in strongly there through the 
narrows, up Loch Linnhe. The slate roof of Lady Elphinstone’s 
house beyond on the island is flashing in the sunlight like a crystal. 

Tut here is our boat; she is already afloat, the mainsail and jib 
are hoisted, there is just enough wind to carry her against the tide, 
and Appin and Castle Stalker, the ruined stronghold of the Stewarts 
of that ilk, are slowly hidden by the point hehind. On the right is 
the green fs'and of Lismore, low lying and fertile, with but a few 
houses visible upon it, while beyond and over it tower the dark 
mountains of Morvern. ‘To the south in the offing lie the islands 
of Fasdale and Luing, famous for their slaics, The faint screaming 
and splashing of the gulls and sea-swallows far out yonder over 
some sheal of fishes comes across the water, and the voice of the 
man on the yacht at anchor in the bay to the left is distinctly 
heard. Down we ditt, past the Black Isle, to the narrows of 
Eriska. The tide is still running in towards Loch Creran, and the 
passage, which otherwise would have been difficult among the eddies 
and currents, is easily and quickly made. We are inside now, 
however, and as the air is very warm, and there is a pleasant little 
hay with a sandy beach close at hand on Eriska, there could be no 
letter opportunity for a bathe. No sooner said than done. ‘The 
boat is anchored a little way from the beach, where the sandy 
bottom can be seen through the clear green water some few fathoms 
below, and one ater another enjoys a header from the bow, or slips 
gently over the stem. low very pleasant and how utterly secluded 
is the spot ; not even the crack of a gamekceper’s fowling-piece is to 
be heart on shore. But what is this—that jig-jig-jigging of engines? 
A small steam yacht is coming into the loch, and—gracious goo.l- 
ness! there are ladies on board. To cover, all three, behind the 
boat, hang on by the gunwale, and trust in Providence to keep the 
yacht at a respectable distance. One has no ambition at such 
moments to court the suffrages even of the most delectable society. 
But the danger is past, and though the fair ones on deck did smile 
at the phenomenal movements of our boat, and the ominous absence 
of occupants, who-isa whit the worse? They will laugh with us 
rather than at us should we mect. 

The breeze has freshened a little now, and will be enough to 
carry us up the loch amongst the currents and against the outllow- 
ing Ude. Yorder is the ferry-boat crossing from Shian. It has a 
waggonette and horses on board, and the long sweeps carry it over 
Dut slowly. The long Jow island running out from Shian protects 
the ferry for the greater part of the way from the current. The 
island, with its few stunted bushes, is sellom visited, and isa 
favourite haunt of the graceful sea-swallows. Two months ago 
every grassy ledge upon its sides would have its couple of sea- 
swallows’ eggs. See yonder, just beyond the rocky point, 
swimming quietly about, with watchful, intelligent eyes, there is the 
Hack head of a seal. Ah, he has gone; the flapping sail has 
frightened him. ‘ 

‘As the boat gets round the end of Craigaillaich, on the low neck 
ef Jand across which the read winds from Connal, the ruin of the 
ancient castle of Barculudine comes into sight. In the days of which 
Sir Watter Scott speaks in his ‘Lord of the Isles,” when against 
the Bruce in Artornish castle ‘‘ Barcaldine’s arm was high in air,” 
there was scantier cultivation around that black stronghold. Now, 
however, as William I reeland puts it — 


The freebooters, reiving and killing, 

No longer swoop down from their glens, 
But delve by the bethie and shieling, 

Or shepherd their flocks on the bens. 


The mountains in front seem to rise higher as we approach, and to 
cast a deeper silence on the narrowing water and motionless woods 
at their base. Barcaldine Huse, as secluded and delightiul a spot 
as any in the Highlands, with its old-fashioned gardens and vineries, 
is hidden among these woods. Far up on the purple hillside yonder 
is a lonely burying place. A stone dyke guards the little enclosure 
of quiet graves. The spot is visible for many a mile around, and its 
presence ever in sight must have a tender and solemn effect in 
keeping alive the memory of the dead, Livery day, as_the crofter 
toils in his little field or takes the hill with his dogs, his eyes will 
turn to it, and he will think of the wife and child who lie in that 
still and peaceful place, asleep under the calm sunshine and among 
the heather. Only sometimes will it be hidden--when the soft, 
white, trailing mists come down and weep their gentle tears upon 
the spot. Directly in front, away beyond and above the other 
mountains, towers Ben Cruachan, a monarch among the peers. Tere, 
on the shore of the loch is the long, low-rvofed cottage, half covered 
a month ago with crimson-tropela, and half smothered among its 
Toses, Where tives the author of the humorous and valuable ‘ Notes 
from Benderluch.” But here is our destination. Let down the 
muinsail, let go the jib, and we will run ashore. It is not yet 
noon, and there are many hours be.ore us to spend in the beautiful 
Larcaldine woods. G. T. E. 


Messks. Scuorr AND Co, Very graceful and effective for a 
mezzo-soprano is ‘* Wild Flowers,” a song with an obbligato ad 2., 
written and composed by L. Debenham and Odoardo Barri.—-OF 
more than ordinary interest are ‘* Minituren, IX. Kleine Sticke,” 
for the pianoforte, by Carl Von Weber ; there is a daintiness about 
these bricf pieces which cannot fail to please.—‘‘Gavotte de la 
Princesse,” par A, Czibulka, is a bright and original specimen of 
its schoo!.— Ten ‘¢ Morceaux Caratctérestiques ” of G. Goltermann’s 
have been transcribed for the violin, with pianoforte accompani- 
ment, by A. Pollitzer, who has executed his task with much taste 
and shill. Under the somewhat singular title of ‘*Secuvenir de 


THE GRAPHIC 


Didlington,” Guido Papini has composed two charming morceau 
we salon, for violin and pianoforte: No. I 1s “*Nuit Etoilee ; 
No. 2, ‘*Sous les Lilas.”’—For young students, two fairly easy 
pianoforte pieces, by H. Kowalski, will prove very attractive, not 
only on account of their musical merit, bat also for their ‘quaint 
frontispieces : the one is “IL Etait Une Fois ;” the other ‘' Ker- 
messe Bretonne.” 

Messrs. AUGENER AND Co,——From hence comes a budget 
of excellent music, fourteen little volumes in their neat grey covers, 
touched up with blue. Very useful for vocal students are: 
Twenty-six ‘* Melodies Vocalisés,” for contralto, bass, or baritone, 
the distinguishing feature of this work is the simplicity of 
the exercises, which are selected and arranged . by the eminent 
teacher and musician B. Liitgen, and contain fragments from the 
works of well-known composers, ancient and modern, —Equally to 
be commended are twelve two-part songs for treble voices, by F. 
Abt, entitled “ Buds and Bloss.ms.”--A set of piano‘orte duets by 
A. Loeschhorn, entitled ‘‘ Feuillets d’Album,” are at the same time 
easy, melodious, and well written.—Very brilliant and showy isa 
duet for the pianoforte, ‘* Tarantelle Italienne,” by Leon d’Ourville. 
—Herr Pauer has done weil for the young people of the day by 
editing “* Twenty-Four Melodious Pieces,” by Bertini, each one of 
which is graceful, and well worthy of its name.——A trifle more difficult 
than the above, but highly to be commended are “IV. Clavier- 
stiicke,” by Max Brauer (Op. 10).—The same may be said of 
“ Toeschhorn’s Album XX. Melodidse Tonbilder” for the pianoforte, 
and ‘‘ Consolations,” by F. Liszt.—For concerted music we have 
two numbers, each containing six ‘ Airs Nationaux,” arranged by 
Sebastian Lee, for violoncello and pianoforte ; this series will prove 
interesting both to executants and audience.—F. Rk, Ilermann has 
composed a complete series of ‘‘ Special Studies for the Violin” in 
three numbers, each book containing twenty-five studies. 

MISCELLANEOUS. A very well-written Anthem for tenor, solo, 
and chorus, suitable for Whitsun-Day or general use is, ‘‘O Give 
Me the Comfort uf Thy Help Again,” words from the 51st Psalm, 
music by Edward S. Cranston ; this anthem is simple but good, and 
well worthy the attention of small choirs (Messrs. James Smith and 
Son),—Little foiks will be delighted with a very elaborately got up 
book, entitled ‘* Carols of Cradleland,” six songs for children. The 
illustrations Ly E. F, Manning are veritable works of art, and will 
prove the most attractive part of the volume, at all events for the 
juveniles. The music, by Leonhard Emil Bach, is clever, in fact 
Zoo clever for the words by Horace Lennard, the former would be 
appreciated only by learned folks, the latter are intended for nursery 
musicians (Novello, Ewer, and Co.).—Of three songs composed by 
Henry Klein, ‘* Which Would You Be, Dear,” is by far the prettiest, 
and will no doubt bé often heard and admired, this and many 
seasons to come, the truly poetical words are by ‘‘Oonagh.” By the 
sime writer are the words of ‘‘It Is Not Home Without Thee,” 
which are of a commonplace type. ‘‘ Away! Away !” is a fairly 
egood song of medium compass, words by Mrs. Cornwell! Baron Wilson 
(IIenry Klein).—‘* Sheltered,” written and composed by Kate 
Ladbrooke and F, C. Atkinson, is a song with an elaborate 
accompaniment, quite a pianoforte piece, and with a simplified 
edition of the same; the latter is quite a mistake (Messrs, Weekes 
and Co.). 


——————— 


A CLIMB UP CARRANTUOL: 
IRELAND'S MOUNTAIN KING 


Few visitors to the charming lakes of Killarney take the trouble 
to ascend Carrantuol, the King of Macgillicuddy’s Reeks, and the 
highest mountain in Ireland, And this is not surprising ; for the 
distance from Killarney town to the top of Carran is a good fifteen 
miles ; and, unless a tourist finds accommodation in a farm-house, 
he wil have to do all the thirty miles in the twelve hours of his 
working day, But those who know Carran cannot but appreciate 
him. Not only is he a mountain possessed of a very remarkable 
individuality ; but the view from the summit is extensive and exhila- 
rating, and the tourist with a jaded appetite may get a very 
legitimate thrill out of the fifteen-hundred feet precipice which falls 
sheer from the top. 

The writer made his ascent one bright June morning from Lord 
Brandon’s cottage, near the head of the Gap of Dunloe, Irom this 
starting-place the distance to Carran is not more than four miles ; 
though the miles are good ones. A merry grig of a girl consented 
to guide him. She had lived most of her life hitherto barefooted ; 
Lut now, out of de‘erence to the mountain, or the Telemachus to 
whom she was tethered, she donned a pair of stockings and a pair 
of'shoes. Then, grasping from the hands of her father the oaken 
stick he offered her (with a look of paternal pride on his leathery 
old face), the girl grinned a challenge towards her companion, and 
Dade him follow. her lead. A little farther, and the small children 
of the isolated schoolhouse in the mountain valley all turned out 
of the school tumultuously, ‘‘to sce the English gentleman,” and to 
exchange witty comments and criticisms upon him with the unprin- 
cipled young columbine who had him in charge. But after the 
scholars came the schoolmaster, with wrath written on his face ; 
and, in the twinkling of an eye, nota boy was to be seen outside 
the building. 

For a while we proceeded as if about to penetrate into the heart 
of Cummeenduf Glen, or the Black Valley (as it is fitly called), 
This is a glen, five or six miles long, bounded on one side by the 
Reeks themselves, and on the other by lofty spu.s of the main moun- 
tains. Atits western end it is closed in by a wall of rock, over 
which tumbles a roaring cascade ; and this water, on its way into 
the upper lake, runs through three spacious pools, which contribute 
good salmon to the inhabitants of the valley, at the cost of catching 
them. With thunder clouds in the sky, the Black Glen is as 
profoundly gloomy and terrifying as the strongest imagination could 
depict it. 

But eventually leaving this valley we struck boldly up the flank of 
a mountain, where it forms the left buttress of the Gap of Dunloe 
looking north, The incline was severe; but peering at us from 
over the brow of the slope was the needle-peak of Drishana ; and 
this served as encouragement by enchaining our admiration so that 
fatigue was forgotten, And soon we were ina sombre mountain 
recess, with a good-sized tarn, just ruffling its waters, in front of us. 
Ulence Drishana rose sheer some eight or nine hundred feet. 
Speaking roughly, we were now in a basin of rock, open to the sky 
vertically, and on the side whence we had ascended to it. 
Naturally, therefore, we wondered where lay the upward outlet 
from this dark hole. Lut, with a grin of quite a new character, our 
guide enlightened us. She pointed with a lean brown finger toa 
white Hine upon the rock-wall west of us, whither we were quietly 
walking by the level shore of the tarn; and explained that this 
water-way was also our way. We had, in: fact, a hand-over-hand 
climb before us of, perhaps, four hundred feet ; and our track lay in 
the bel of a waterfall, where it fell so directly as to hardly touch the 
rocks atall. his little pieceof work was accoimplished with closed 
teeth; the writer preceding his guide. And it was with genuine 
relief that we stood firmly upon our legs again at the summit, and 
could peer down the wall up which we had just come with a sense 
of pride as well as satisfaction. 

But a new trial of nerve here awaited us: we were on the slope of 
a gigantic side of shale and rock-powder, across which it was 
necessary to move diagonally. Below us, to the left, the slope soon 
fell precipitously, and far, far duwn, on the margin of another tarn, 


OGh 34, 1883 


we could see cows no larger than cats. The material of this slope 
was so treacherous and yielding that for all the hour or more we 
spent in traversing it we were kept in a state of anxiety as to the 
stability ‘of our next step, and the likelihood thit it would be 
insecure, and entail our headlong fall towards the lake below. Our 
young lady, more at home, took olf her shoes, and trod like one on 
her native soil; but for us, the splints and crystals of rock promised 
speedy discomfiture if we followed her example. 

As we gradually rounded this wearying slope, constantly ascend- 
ing, the glories of the Reeks became exposed to us. Black pinnacle 
after black pinnacle appeared, cut like cameos upon the blue sky 
behind them. And beyond, like an in‘inite sheet of silver, the 
Atlantic showed over the heads of lesser and more distant 
mountains. 

Anon, we stood close to the summit of a hill which seemed the 
monarch of all. But it was not Carran. The King rose opposite 
to us, and a chasm divided us. ‘f Down and up again !” cried our 
merry lass, whose spirits had increased with the oxygen in the air ; 
and off she sped down the mossy slope, throwing her brown heels 
behind her. Llappily we broke no bones in this mad gatlop. We 
splashed into the vivid green of some ice-coll sprin,s, stumbled 
now and then over a fox’s lair, or half tripped in the toush sprig of 
a clump of heather ; but the descent was made with phenomenal 
speed, and we were a little way up Carran’s neck ere our 
pace abated. 

‘Twenty minutes later, and we have the sea breeze full in our 
faces : we are on Carran’s summit; not a cloud obstructs the view, 
and on all sides of us there is a prospect of almost bewildering 
beauty. ‘Hip, hip, hurrah !”’ shouts cur young Amazon, throwing 
her arms and legs about like a dancing Dervisn. And then she 
collapses upon a slab of rock, and falls to munching a gigantic 
sandwich which her prudent mother had bestowed upen her at 
the outset. 

It is easier to write ten Oh’s of almiration than to reproduce in 
words such a spectacle as this seen from Carran’s top. Such an 
entrancing amalgam of blue sky, silver sea, and Jakes, purple 
mountains, black recesses, and vivid green valleys! And then 
there is the human element shown by the town of Killarney, red 
mansions here. white ones there. and the coteries of mouse-coloured 
cabins which dot the valleys. North, some twenty miles away, 
Tralee Bay gliiters, and looks like a tarn in the middle of 
mountains. West, north-west, aixl south-west are three parallels 
of mountain ranges, the peaks of all coaceivable formations ; and 
between them the blue inlets, wide as seas, of Dingle Bay, 
Kenmare River, and Bantry Bay. Two rocks at the mouwh of 
Kenmare River, where it joins the sea, hold the gaze for a moment. 
And beyond the ctils of Valentia Island, due west, the A.lantic is 
resplendent to the horizon. Seeming y cluse at or fect, though 
some cight miles distant, is a curivus peninsila of saml two or 
three miles long, running from the northera side of Dingle Bay 
towards the southern, where it is alaost met by a corresponding 
promontory. The bay east of these natural breakwaters is called 
Castlemaine Harbour. South-west of us again is a magnificent 
sweep of blue water, edged with pink sand; this is known as 
Ballinskelligs Bay ; and near its eastern boundary is Derrynane, 
formerly the seat of Daniel O’Connell. 

Bat, while looking afar, we are forgetful of what lies at our feet. 
Standing on the summit of Carran we are also standing at the head 
of a valley known as the Hog’s Valley, from which the rocks rise 
sheer towards us, at least fifteen hundred feet. Carran’s attendant 
mountains help to form this stupendous hole, their walls being as 
steep and almost as high as his main precipice. A stone may be 
cast straight down from the top into the sombre valley below. Here 
a weak head might readily ‘go round,” and petition to be led away. 
And here, as if in mockery of or words, otr little lass chooses to 
sit with her bare toes dangling over the abyss, while she .bites her 
bread and pork with smiling composure. 

Of the descent from Carran south east by the Devil’s Ladder we 
need only say that it was toilsome. A continuous jumping from 
boukler to boulder, a continuous collapsing into ill-hid bogs, a 
continuous slipping into holes over which the moss and heather 
delighted to cast an insecure coverlet ; and this for two hours or so, 
at an angle not so very far removed from a right angle, as it 
seemed to our long-suffering nerves and heated fancy! Such, in 
brief, was the descent from Ireland’s highest mountain by way of 
the Devil’s Ladder! And, at the end of the dav’s work, the merry 
grig of a girl laughed, aud said she was not tired in the least! 

Cc. 
ooo 
RECENT POETRY AND VERSE 


THREE more volumes of the handy little series known as ‘‘The 
Canterbury Poets” (Walter Scott) are devote, one to the works of 
Edgar Allan Poe, and the others to those of Burns they are edited 
by Mr. Joseph Skipsey. The selections are judiciously made ; the 
prose introductions have obviously been a labour of love, but call 
for no special critical notice. 

There is a goo:l deal to give pleasure in “ Odd Half-ITours oa 
Odd Lalf-Sheets,” by Granville Gordon (Veale, Chifferiel, and Co.), 
though it must be confessed that the little volume is unequal, A 
little more care would have been a great advantage to many of the 
verses, but the “ Musings of an Old Sportsman” are excellent— 
written in the true vein, and reminding us, not disagreeably, of 
Whyte Melville, or Mr. Egerton Warburton. The American poems 
also are some of them good, and all distinguished by genuine 
feeling; and the parodies are fairly amusing. But, on the whole, 
we should advise the author to eschew comic verse for the future, 
and to give us some more of -his capital hunting and sporting 
pieces. 

It is, of course, a great temptation to beginners in verse-writing 
to copy, so far asin them fies, the style of the poet whom they 
most admire, and for their own amusement there is little or no fault 
to be found with the plan, provided the model be a worthy one. 
The result is, however, rather depressing in its effects on the reader, 
partly because nine out of ten of the young aspiranis seem to have 
studied none of the great men of the past, and we really do not 
want feeble echoes of living singers when we can listen to their 
own true voices. There is no hesitation in saying that, if the Poet 
Laureate had never published ‘* Maud” anl “The Brook,” we 
should have heard nothing of ‘ Barley Bells,” by Constance Mary 
Obbard (Kegan Paul); the manner is too obviously framed after 
those poems—for the matter, it is not of much interest. The 
miller’s son runs away to sea because he might not marry the 
farmer's daughter, comes back, after five years, to find-her on 
the eve of wedding the young Squire, falls asleep—we suppose— 
in the church belfry, and probably gets locked in for the night, 
though the fact is not actually stated. As to the exact nature of the 
final catastrophe we have been able to arrive at ho certainty. The 
attempts to imitate Lord Tennyson's domestic blank verse are at 
times disastrous, witness such lines as,— 

Where lived my own sweet Dorothy—her father, 
Farmer Deane, a goodly man, but proud ; 


or, yet again, — 

Proud and stern, relentless, hard as flint. 
Shoukl Mrs. Obbard be tempted to write any more, we should 
advise her to eschew that most difficult of metres, blank verse ; her 
lyrics, though never rising above a graceful mediocrity are, at times, 
fairly tuneful. 


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HONOUR, 


HiGHEST Awvase 


The only Diploma of Honour awarded 
to a British Candle Manufacturer. 


New CaTALOove To JULY 15. 1885. Now Reapy, 
ERIOD.” 


REGpD. 


a) *[ BE UN of the 
‘Trape Mark 


Honours, Parts, 1878 ; 


DIPLOMA AND MEDAL, SYDNEY, 1879 
AND CALCUTTA, 1883-4 


of Radnorshire Hunt.” 


Of Chemists and Saddlers, in Bottles, 2s., 25. 6d., 
and 4s. 6d. 


Proprietors—ELLIMAN, SONS, and CO., Slough. 
RHEUMATISM. 


EtLiMan'’s UNIVERSAL EM- 


BROCATION for RHEUMATISM. 
ELLIMAN UNIVERSAL EM- 
BROCATION for LUMBAGO, 
ELLimMan’s UNIVERSAL EM- 
BROCATION for STIFFNESS AFTER 
SEVERE EXERCISE. 


ELLMAN'S UNIVERSAL EM- 
BROCATION for SPRAINS. 
FLLIMAN'S UNIVERSAL EM- 
BROCATION. 


GOLD MEDAL AWARDED, NEW ZEALAND 
EXHIBITION, 1882. 
Sold everywhere in Bottles, fs. rid. and 2s. 9d. each. 


5,000 sILK 


UMBRELLAS, as. 6d. 
each, direct from the 
Manufacturer. Ladies 
or Gents’ Plain or ‘Twill 
Silk, Patent Hollow- 
Ribbed Frames, beauti- 
fillscatyed and mounted 
sticks, Parcels Post free, 
25.9d.,0r 36 stamps, 15,000 
List 


sold in 12 months. 


“ PARKER” and testimonials free. 
Rercoverint &e., neatly 

one. — ress, . le 

UMBRELLA PARKER, “Uinbrella 
Registered. Sheffield. See per 


ERKYS, or Sultana’s 
IMPERIAL TEA, is the 

most. powerful preservative of 
health, beauty, and youth. Its con- 
tinual use cwill effectively prevent 
bilious headaches and eruptions of 
the skin It gives to the counte- 
_ nance the beauty and freshness of 
the rose, and it arrests the most serious complaints 
to which women ofall ages are subject. Paul Lucas, 
Physician to Louis XIV.. said that six months’ use was 
sufficient to rejuvenate the most wrinkled face. The 
Sultanas, jealous of their beauty, have kept the secret 
to themselves since the thirteenth century, Serkys is 
superior to all other teas. Price 2 Samples, 7s. 
Post Office Orders to be made payable to Dr. DE 
GarpaREINS, 6, Rue de ia Paix, Paris, Proprietor 
of the only true Serkys, London, of Messrs. 
ROBERTS, Chemists, 76, New Bond_Street : and 
Mdme. BAYARD, 7, Southampton St., Strand, W.C. 


NO. G RABHAM and Co.'S, 
62 NX 24 and 26, Whitfield Street, 
open Goodge Street, W., Compressible 
Dress Stand, No. 62, for Home Use 
is the most perfect one extant. 

No. 62.—The Queen newspaper, in 
commenting upon it, says:—" 
weighs only Six pounds, and occu- 
pies a box 3 inches wide. It is { 
easily packed away (even with the 
4 new movable body, which is now to 

be had for and can be attached to it 
in 10 seconds) ina drawer or tr vel- 
ling trunk. It expands and con- 
tracts as desired, and byits means the 
| dresses of the tallest, shortest, stout- 

Rest, oF thinnest lady can be made 
and draped. It can be had_ for 
P.O.0,, 20s., free by Parcels Post. 
or with a padded body 


(illustrated below) to fix 
and take off in ro seconds, 
moulded to fit.a tightly 
fittng dress bodice (sent 


or P.O. 375. 


Pee 


by Parcels Post) fo 


B ERTHON . 
PORTABLE 
IK. BOATS AND 
1 CANOES. FOR 
YACHTS, FISH- 
ING,SHOOTING. 
&c. SHOWROOMS: 
30, HOLBORN 
VIADUCT, EC. 
Price List, &c., free. 

13 Prize Medals. 


HARMING CRAYON POR- 

TRAITS,—Send Photo and tos. éd,.and you 
like drawing from it on paper, 15 1m. 
home or abroad. Tinted crayon 
half life-size, in oil or water- 


C 


| 


ee 
Royal 


| Bayt 


S'S TREBLE GRIP, 
. combined with Anson and Deeley’s Locking, 
Cocking, and Automatic Safety Bolt, the most 
perfect weapon ever placed in the hands of the sports- 
man. The opening of this gun cocks it, and bolts the 
triggers and tumblers automatically. Prices from 
20 to go guineas, A special plain quality, £16. Express 
Rifles, from rz Guineas.“ »Gun_of the Period, 
wherever shown, has always taken honours, Why 
buy from Dealers when, you can buy it at half the 
price from the Maker? Any gun sent on approval on 
receipt of P.O.O., and remittance returned if, on 
receipt, it is not satisfactory. Target irial allowed. 
A choice of 2,000 Guns, Rifles, and Revolvers 
embracing every novelty in the trade. Send_ this 
advertisement for Illustrated Catalogue, to G. E. 
LEWIS, Gun Maker, Birmingham. Established 1850. 


SPEet WIRE FENCING. 


@ TUMBLERS? 
G E. LEWI 


STANDARD.) A 
Le 


eazenn, | 


SECTION OF} 
2 STEEL 
DROPPER. 


Price from sid. per yard! 


[RON FENCING, GATES, &c. 


RAAAR 


Catalogues free on application, 


ISS, JONES, and BAYLISS, 
WOLVERHAMPTON 3 and, 
159 AND 141, CANNON STREET, LONDON,E.C 


M 


ERRYWEATHER and SONS 
LONDON BRIGADE HAND FIRE PUMP: 


Largely adopted for Stores, Warehouses, Mansions, 
and Public Institutions. ‘ 


Price. complete (including Hand Pump, Cover, 
Two Ten-feet lengths of Leather Hose and Jet, and 


delivery in England free 


- £5 58. 
GREENWICH Rp., and 63, Lone Acre, Lonpon, W.C. 


———— 


Printed for the Proprietors, at 12, Milford Lane by 
EpwarpD JOSEPH MANSFIELD, and published by 
him at go, Strand, both in the Parish of St. 
Clement Danes, Middlesex.—OctT. 24, 1833.